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Bradley VC, Manard BT, Hendriks L, Dunlap DR, Bible AN, Sedova A, Saint-Vincent P, Sanders BC, Andrews HB. Quantifying platinum binding on protein-functionalized magnetic microparticles using single particle-ICP-TOF-MS. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:3192-3201. [PMID: 38639200 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00268g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
This work describes an analytical procedure, single particle-inductively coupled plasma-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-TOF-MS), that was developed to determine the platinum binding efficiency of protein-coated magnetic microparticles. SP-ICP-TOF-MS is advantageous due to its ability to quasi-simultaneously detect all nuclides (7Li-242Pu), allowing for both platinum and iron (composition of magnetic microparticles) to be measured concurrently. This method subsequently allows for the differentiation between bound and unbound platinum. The 1 μm magnetic microparticles were fully characterized for their iron concentration, particle concentration, and trace element composition by bulk digestion-ICP-MS and SP-ICP-TOF-MS. The results of both approaches agreed with the certificate values. Using the single particle methodology the platinum loading was quantified to be to 0.18 ± 0.02 fg per particle and 0.32 ± 0.02 fg per particle, for the streptavidin-coated and azurin-coated microparticles, respectively. Both streptavidin-coated and the azurin-coated microparticles had a particle-platinum association of >65%. Platinum bound samples were also analyzed via bulk digestion-based ICP-MS. The bulk ICP-MS results overestimated platinum loading due to free platinum in the samples. This highlights the importance of single particle analysis for a closer inspection of platinum binding performance. The SP-ICP-TOF-MS approach offers advantages over typical bulk digestion methods by eliminating laborious sample preparation, enabling differentiation between bound/unbound platinum in a solution, and quantification of platinum on a particle-by-particle basis. The procedure presented here enables quantification of metal content per particle, which could be broadly implemented for other single particle applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica C Bradley
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
| | - Benjamin T Manard
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
| | | | - Daniel R Dunlap
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
| | - Amber N Bible
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Ada Sedova
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | | | - Brian C Sanders
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Hunter B Andrews
- Radioisotope Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
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2
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Wang P, Wang C, Li J, Hubacek K, Sun L, Yang F, Feng K, Chen WQ. Incorporating platinum circular economy into China's hydrogen pathways toward carbon neutrality. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae172. [PMID: 38745565 PMCID: PMC11093126 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen is gaining tremendous traction in China as the fuel of the future to support the country's carbon neutrality ambition. Despite that hydrogen as fuel largely hinges on the supply of platinum (Pt), the dynamic interlinkage between Pt supply challenges, hydrogen development pathways, and climate targets in China has yet to be deeply analyzed. Here, we adopt an integrated assessment model to address this important concern and corresponding strategies for China. The results indicate that the booming hydrogen development would drive China's cumulative demand for Pt metal to reach 4,200-5,000 tons. Much of this demand, met through a limited supply pattern, is vulnerable to price volatility and heightened geopolitical risks, which can be mitigated through circular economy strategies. Consequently, a coordinated approach to leverage both global sustainable Pt sourcing and a robust domestic Pt circular economy is imperative for ensuring cost-effective hydrogen production, aligned with a climate-safe future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Robert M. Buchan Department of Mining, Smith Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Jiashuo Li
- Institute of Blue and Green Development, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Klaus Hubacek
- Integrated Research on Energy, Environment and Society (IREES), Energy and Sustainability Research Institute Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, the Netherlands
| | - Laixiang Sun
- Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Institute of Blue and Green Development, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
- Department of Planning, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9000, Denmark
| | - Kuishuang Feng
- Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Wei-Qiang Chen
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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3
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Effective Improvement of Pt Catalyst for Exhaust Gas Purification by Using the Highly Crystallized CeO2 as an Additive. Top Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-022-01745-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Bhuwalka K, Field FR, De Kleine RD, Kim HC, Wallington TJ, Kirchain RE. Characterizing the Changes in Material Use due to Vehicle Electrification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:10097-10107. [PMID: 34213890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Modern automobiles are composed of more than 2000 different compounds comprising 76 different elements. Identifying supply risks across this palette of materials is important to ensure a smooth transition to more sustainable transportation technologies. This paper provides insight into how electrification is changing vehicle composition and how that change drives supply risk vulnerability by providing the first comprehensive, high-resolution (elemental and compound level) snapshot of material use in both conventional and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) using a consistent methodology. To make these contributions, we analyze part-level data of material use for seven current year models, ranging from internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV) to plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs). With this data set, we apply a novel machine learning algorithm to estimate missing or unreported composition data. We propose and apply a metric of vulnerability, referred to as exposure, which captures economic importance and susceptibility to price changes. We find that exposure increases from $874 per vehicle for ICEV passenger vehicles to $2344 per vehicle for SUV PHEVs. The shift to a PHEV fleet would double automaker exposure adding approximately $1 billion per year of supply risk to a hypothetical fleet of a million vehicles. The increase in exposure is largely not only due to the increased use of battery elements like cobalt, graphite, and nickel but also some more commonly used materials, most notably copper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Bhuwalka
- Materials Systems Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Frank R Field
- Materials Systems Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Robert D De Kleine
- Research and Innovation Center, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, Michigan 48121, United States
| | - Hyung Chul Kim
- Research and Innovation Center, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, Michigan 48121, United States
| | - Timothy J Wallington
- Research and Innovation Center, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, Michigan 48121, United States
| | - Randolph E Kirchain
- Materials Systems Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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5
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Platinum Group Elements in Geosphere and Anthroposphere: Interplay among the Global Reserves, Urban Ores, Markets and Circular Economy. MINERALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/min10060558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Industrial and strategic significance of platinum group elements (PGEs)—Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Pd, Pt—makes them irreplaceable; furthermore, some PGEs are used by investors as “safe heaven” assets traded in the commodity markets. This review analyzes PGEs from various aspects: their place in the geosphere, destiny in the anthroposphere, and opportunity in the economy considering interactions among the exploration, recycling of urban ores, trade markets, speculative rhetoric, and changes required for successful technological progress towards the implementation of sustainability. The global market of PGEs is driven by several concerns: costs for extraction/recycling; logistics; the demand of industries; policies of waste management. Diversity of application and specific chemical properties, as well as improper waste management, make the recycling of PGEs complicated. The processing approach depends on composition and the amount of available waste material, and so therefore urban ores are a significant source of PGEs, especially when the supply of elements is limited by geopolitical or market tensions. Recycling potential of urban ores is particularly important in a long-term view disregarding short-term economic fluctuations, and it should influence investment flows in the advancement of innovation.
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FIRMANSYAH ML, YOSHIDA W, HANADA T, GOTO M. Application of Ionic Liquids in Solvent Extraction of Platinum Group Metals. SOLVENT EXTRACTION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT-JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.15261/serdj.27.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mochamad L. FIRMANSYAH
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Wataru YOSHIDA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Takafumi HANADA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Masahiro GOTO
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
- Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University
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Pramanik BK, Nghiem LD, Hai FI. Extraction of strategically important elements from brines: Constraints and opportunities. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 168:115149. [PMID: 31604175 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Strategically important elements are those that are vital to advanced manufacturing, low carbon technologies and other growing industries. Ongoing depletion and supply risks to these elements are a critical concern, and thus, recovery of these elements from low-grade ores and brines has generated significant interest worldwide. Among the strategically important elements, this paper focuses on rare earth elements (REEs), the platinum-group metals and lithium due to their wide application in the advanced industrial economics. We critically review the current methods such as precipitation, ion exchange and solvent extraction for extracting these elements from low-grade ores and brines and provide insight into the technical challenges to the practical realisation of metal extraction from these low-grade sources. The challenges include the low concentration of the target elements in brines and inadequate selectivity of the existing methods. This review also critically analyzes the potential applicability of an integrated clean water production and metal extraction process based on conventional pressure-driven membrane and emerging membrane technologies (e.g., membrane distillation). Such a process can first enrich the strategically important elements in solution for their subsequent recovery along with clean water production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplob Kumar Pramanik
- Civil and Infrastructure Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, RMIT University, VIC, 3001, Australia.
| | - Long Duc Nghiem
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NWS, 2007, Australia; NTT Institute of Hi-Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Faisal I Hai
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
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Wang X, van Bokhoven JA, Palagin D. Atomically dispersed platinum on low index and stepped ceria surfaces: phase diagrams and stability analysis. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 22:28-38. [PMID: 31602438 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04973h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Through the combination of density functional theory calculations and ab initio atomistic thermodynamics modeling, we demonstrate that atomically dispersed platinum species on ceria can adopt a range of local coordination configurations and oxidation states that depend on the surface structure and environmental conditions. Unsaturated oxygen atoms on ceria surfaces play the leading role in stabilization of PtOx species. Any mono-dispersed Pt0 species are thermodynamically unstable compared to bulk platinum, and oxidation of Pt0 to Pt2+ or Pt4+ is necessary to stabilize mono-dispersed platinum atoms. Reduction to Pt0 leads to sintering. Both Pt2+ and Pt4+ prefer to form the square-planar [PtO4] configuration. The two most stable Pt2+ species on the (223) and (112) surfaces are thermodynamically favorable between 300 and 1200 K. The most stable Pt4+ species on the (100) surface tends to desorb from the surface as gas phase above 950 K. The resulting phase diagrams of the atomically dispersed platinum in PtOx clusters on various ceria surfaces under a range of experimentally relevant conditions can be used to predict dynamic restructuring of atomically dispersed platinum catalysts and design new catalysts with engineered properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Hao H, Geng Y, Tate JE, Liu F, Sun X, Mu Z, Xun D, Liu Z, Zhao F. Securing Platinum-Group Metals for Transport Low-Carbon Transition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oneear.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Ge J, Li Z, Hong X, Li Y. Surface Atomic Regulation of Core–Shell Noble Metal Catalysts. Chemistry 2019; 25:5113-5127. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Ge
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied ChemistryHefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zhijun Li
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied ChemistryHefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Xun Hong
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied ChemistryHefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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11
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Hunt ST, Román-Leshkov Y. Principles and Methods for the Rational Design of Core-Shell Nanoparticle Catalysts with Ultralow Noble Metal Loadings. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:1054-1062. [PMID: 29510023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Conspecuts Commercial and emerging renewable energy technologies are underpinned by precious metal catalysts, which enable the transformation of reactants into useful products. However, the noble metals (NMs) comprise the least abundant elements in the lithosphere, making them prohibitively scarce and expensive for future global-scale technologies. As such, intense research efforts have been devoted to eliminating or substantially reducing the loadings of NMs in various catalytic applications. These efforts have resulted in a plethora of heterogeneous NM catalyst morphologies beyond the traditional supported spherical nanoparticle. In many of these new architectures, such as shaped, high index, and bimetallic particles, less than 20% of the loaded NMs are available to perform catalytic turnovers. The majority of NM atoms are subsurface, providing only a secondary catalytic role through geometric and ligand effects with the active surface NM atoms. A handful of architectures can approach 100% NM utilization, but severe drawbacks limit general applicability. For example, in addition to problems with stability and leaching, single atom and ultrasmall cluster catalysts have extreme metal-support interactions, discretized d-bands, and a lack of adjacent NM surface sites. While monolayer thin films do not possess these features, they exhibit such low surface areas that they are not commercially relevant, serving predominantly as model catalysts. This Account champions core-shell nanoparticles (CS NPs) as a vehicle to design highly active, stable, and low-cost materials with high NM utilization for both thermo- and electrocatalysis. The unique benefits of the many emerging NM architectures could be preserved while their fundamental limitations could be overcome through reformulation via a core-shell morphology. However, the commercial realization of CS NPs remains challenging, requiring concerted advances in theory and manufacturing. We begin by formulating seven constraints governing proper core material design, which naturally point to early transition metal ceramics as suitable core candidates. Two constraints prove extremely challenging. The first relates to the core modifying the shell work function and d-band. To properly investigate materials that could satisfy this constraint, we discuss our development of a new heat, quench, and exfoliation (HQE) density functional theory (DFT) technique to model heterometallic interfaces. This technique is used to predict how transition metal carbides can favorably tune the catalytic properties of various NM monolayer shell configurations. The second challenging constraint relates to the scalable manufacturing of CS NP architectures with independent synthetic control of the thickness and composition of the shell and the size and composition of the core. We discuss our development of a synthetic method that enables high temperature self-assembly of tunable CS NP configurations. Finally, we discuss how these principles and methods were used to design catalysts for a variety of applications. These include the design of a thermally stable sub-monolayer CS catalyst, a highly active methanol electrooxidation catalyst, CO-tolerant Pt catalysts, and a hydrogen evolution catalyst that is less expensive than state-of-the-art NM-free catalysts. Such core-shell architectures offer the promise of ultralow precious metal loadings while ceramic cores hold the promise of thermodynamic stability and access to unique catalytic activity/tunability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean T. Hunt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yuriy Román-Leshkov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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12
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Meng L, Wang J, Sun Z, Zhu J, Li H, Wang J, Shen M. Active manganese oxide on MnO x –CeO 2 catalysts for low-temperature NO oxidation: Characterization and kinetics study. J RARE EARTH 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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PGE Production in Southern Africa, Part I: Production and Market Trends. MINERALS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/min7110224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Ma S, Funaki K, Miyazaki A, Muramatsu A, Kanie K. Ionic Liquids with Amino Moieties: Selective and Reversible Extraction/Back-Extraction for Platinum Group Metal Ions from Aqueous Solutions. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Su Ma
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577
| | - Kenji Funaki
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577
| | - Atsushi Miyazaki
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577
| | - Atsushi Muramatsu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577
| | - Kiyoshi Kanie
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577
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