1
|
Li J, Huang C, Zhang C, Wang H, Song L, Wang B. Underestimated contribution of open biomass burning to terpenoid emissions revealed by a novel hourly dynamic inventory. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172764. [PMID: 38670379 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Terpenoids play a crucial role in atmospheric chemistry, contributing significantly to the formation of ozone and secondary organic aerosol. However, the accurate quantification of terpenoid emissions from biomass burning is currently lacking, leading to underestimated air quality impacts. This study developed a near real-time hourly open biomass burning (OBB) emission inventory named OBEIC, which incorporated geostationary and polar-orbiting satellite fire radiative power. The OBEIC inventory provided emission estimates of 69 terpenoids, categorized into four groups, at an hourly resolution. Monoterpenes were the dominant contributors to the total emissions, accounting for 58 % of the total terpenoid emissions from OBB. Notably, only 24 % of the total monoterpenes emitted from OBB were accounted for by α-pinene and β-pinene, indicating the importance of quantifying emissions of other monoterpene species such as limonene and camphene. Additionally, oxygenated terpenoids, which were previously overlooked, contribute to 20 % of total terpenoid emissions from OBB. Diurnally, the emissions of terpenoids were primarily concentrated during the daytime (61 %); however, this study revealed the significance of nighttime emissions (39 %) as well. When compared to the biogenic and anthropogenic emissions, OBB made substantial contributions to nighttime isoprene (99.8 %), monoterpene (66.8 %), and sesquiterpene (61.7 %) emissions where OBB occurs (in 3 km range), suggesting its significant role in nighttime secondary pollutant formation. The methodology developed in this study has the potential to reduce uncertainties in OBB emissions estimation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyong Li
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; College of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Caibao Huang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; College of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Chunlin Zhang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Atmospheric Environment and Carbon Neutrality in Nanling Forests, Guangzhou 511443, China; Guangdong International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Air Quality Science and Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; College of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Atmospheric Environment and Carbon Neutrality in Nanling Forests, Guangzhou 511443, China; Guangdong International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Air Quality Science and Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; College of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Lin Song
- College of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Boguang Wang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Atmospheric Environment and Carbon Neutrality in Nanling Forests, Guangzhou 511443, China; Guangdong International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Air Quality Science and Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; College of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kuang Y, Shang J, Sheng M, Shi X, Zhu J, Qiu X. Molecular Composition of Beijing PM 2.5 Brown Carbon Revealed by an Untargeted Approach Based on Gas Chromatography and Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:909-919. [PMID: 36594719 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge of the chemical composition of brown carbon (BrC) is limited to the categories of components or parts of specific organic components. In this paper, the light-absorbing properties and molecular compositions of lipid-soluble organic components in fine particulate matter of Beijing from 2016 to 2018, characterized by an ultraviolet-visible spectrometer and gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry, respectively, were combined to untargetedly screen the key BrC molecules by a partial least squares regression model for the first time. A total of 421 molecules were obtained, where 61 molecules were identified qualitatively and 22 molecules quantitatively. To the best of our knowledge, 11 molecules were newly identified BrC species. These qualitative molecules included polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with higher ambient concentrations and mass absorbing efficiencies (MAEs), as well as oxygen- and nitrogen-containing aromatic components with relatively lower concentrations and MAEs. The absorption contribution at 365 nm of quantified BrC species to lipid-soluble BrC during heating seasons was 39.1 ± 17.0%, which was about 5 times as high as previous studies. These results help establish a complete BrC molecular database and provide data support for better evaluating the climate effect of atmospheric carbonaceous aerosols and formulating air pollution control strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kuang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Shang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengshuang Sheng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodi Shi
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Zhu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghua Qiu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ge M, Tong S, Wang W, Zhang W, Chen M, Peng C, Li J, Zhou L, Chen Y, Liu M. Important Oxidants and Their Impact on the Environmental Effects of Aerosols. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:3813-3825. [PMID: 33687210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c10236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidants are central species in the atmosphere, where they not only determine secondary particle formation but also impact human health and climate change. In general, they are unstable, highly reactive, and recyclable and have been studied in field observations, laboratory studies, and model simulations. The most widely investigated oxidants, such as OH radicals, O3, and Cl atom, HONO, NO3, N2O5, and Criegee Intermediates (CIs) have attracted more attention recently. Furthermore, secondary particles formed in the oxidations processes impact the particle physicochemical properties, such as hygroscopicity and optical properties and therefore impact the atmospheric radiation balance. Therefore, the newest investigation results of important oxidants (HONO, NO3, N2O5, and CIs) are reviewed in this manuscript, and the environmental effects of secondary particles formed through corresponding oxidation processes are also stated. Furthermore, some perspectives are further discussed in the article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maofa Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shengrui Tong
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Weigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wenqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Meifang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Material Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Chao Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Junling Li
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Mingyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang W, Wang W, Li J, Ma S, Lian C, Li K, Shi B, Liu M, Li Y, Wang Q, Sun Y, Tong S, Ge M. Light absorption properties and potential sources of brown carbon in Fenwei Plain during winter 2018-2019. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 102:53-63. [PMID: 33637265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A distinctive kind of organic carbon aerosol that could absorb ultraviolet-visible radiation is called brown carbon (BrC), which has an important positive influence on radiative budget and climate change. In this work, we reported the absorption properties and potential source of BrC based on a seven-wavelength aethalometer in the winter of 2018-2019 at an urban site of Sanmenxia in Fenwei Plain in central China. Specifically, the mean value of BrC absorption coefficient was 59.6 ± 36.0 Mm-1 at 370 nm and contributed 37.7% to total absorption, which made a significant impact on visibility and regional environment. Absorption coefficients of BrC showed double-peak pattern, and BrC had shown small fluctuations under haze days compared with clean days. As for the sources of BrC, BrC absorption coefficients expressed strong correlations with element carbon aerosols and primary organic carbon aerosols, indicating that most of BrC originated from primary emissions. The linear correlations between trace metal elements (K, As, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Pb) and BrC absorption coefficients further referred that the major sources of BrC were primary emissions, like coal burning, biomass burning, and vehicle emissions. The moderate relationship between BrC absorption coefficients and secondary organic aerosols suggested that secondary production of BrC also played an important role. The 120 hr backward air mass trajectories analysis and concentration-weighted trajectories analysis were also used to investigate potential sources of BrC in and around this area, which inferred most parts of BrC were derived from local emissions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Chemistry Academy of Sciences Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Clinical Research, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Weigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Chemistry Academy of Sciences Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jie Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shuangliang Ma
- Henan Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Chaofan Lian
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Chemistry Academy of Sciences Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kun Li
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Bo Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Chemistry Academy of Sciences Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Chemistry Academy of Sciences Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanyu Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - QingQing Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yele Sun
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shengrui Tong
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Chemistry Academy of Sciences Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Maofa Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Chemistry Academy of Sciences Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dubois C, Cholleton D, Gemayel R, Chen Y, Surratt JD, George C, Rairoux P, Miffre A, Riva M. Decrease in sulfate aerosol light backscattering by reactive uptake of isoprene epoxydiols. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:5927-5935. [PMID: 33662067 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05468b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulfate aerosol is responsible for a net cooling of the Earth's atmosphere due to its ability to backscatter light. Through atmospheric multiphase chemistry, it reacts with isoprene epoxydiols leading to the formation of aerosol and organic compounds, including organosulfates and high-molecular weight compounds. In this study, we evaluate how sulfate aerosol light backscattering is modified in the presence of such organic compounds. Our laboratory experiments show that reactive uptake of isoprene epoxydiols on sulfate aerosol is responsible for a decrease in light backscattering compared to pure inorganic sulfate particles of up to - 12% at 355 nm wavelength and - 21% at 532 nm wavelength. Moreover, while such chemistry is known to yield a core-shell structure, the observed reduction in the backscattered light intensity is discussed with Mie core-shell light backscattering numerical simulations. We showed that the observed decrease can only be explained by considering effects from the complex optical refractive index. Since isoprene is the most abundant hydrocarbon emitted into the atmosphere, and isoprene epoxydiols are the most important isoprene secondary organic aerosol precursors, our laboratory findings can aid in quantifying the direct radiative forcing of sulfates in the presence of organic compounds, thus more clearly resolving the impact of such aerosol particles on the Earth's climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Dubois
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - D Cholleton
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - R Gemayel
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J D Surratt
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA and Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - C George
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - P Rairoux
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - A Miffre
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - M Riva
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626, Villeurbanne, France.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
He Q, Tomaz S, Li C, Zhu M, Meidan D, Riva M, Laskin A, Brown SS, George C, Wang X, Rudich Y. Optical Properties of Secondary Organic Aerosol Produced by Nitrate Radical Oxidation of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:2878-2889. [PMID: 33596062 PMCID: PMC8023652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Nighttime oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) by nitrate radicals (NO3·) represents one of the most important interactions between anthropogenic and natural emissions, leading to substantial secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. The direct climatic effect of such SOA cannot be quantified because its optical properties and atmospheric fate are poorly understood. In this study, we generated SOA from the NO3· oxidation of a series BVOCs including isoprene, monoterpenes, and sesquiterpenes. The SOA were subjected to comprehensive online and offline chemical composition analysis using high-resolution mass spectrometry and optical properties measurements using a novel broadband (315-650 nm) cavity-enhanced spectrometer, which covers the wavelength range needed to understand the potential contribution of the SOA to direct radiative forcing. The SOA contained a significant fraction of oxygenated organic nitrates (ONs), consisting of monomers and oligomers that are responsible for the detected light absorption in the 315-400 nm range. The SOA created from β-pinene and α-humulene was further photochemically aged in an oxidation flow reactor. The SOA has an atmospheric photochemical bleaching lifetime of >6.2 h, indicating that some of the ONs in the SOA may serve as atmosphere-stable nitrogen oxide sinks or reservoirs and will absorb and scatter incoming solar radiation during the daytime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quanfu He
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Sophie Tomaz
- Univ
Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Chunlin Li
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ming Zhu
- State
Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory
of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Daphne Meidan
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Matthieu Riva
- Univ
Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Alexander Laskin
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Steven S. Brown
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colorado, 216 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Christian George
- Univ
Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Xinming Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory
of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center
for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban
Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yinon Rudich
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kumar M, Shee J, Rudshteyn B, Reichman DR, Friesner RA, Miller CE, Francisco JS. Multiple Stable Isoprene-Ozone Complexes Reveal Complex Entrance Channel Dynamics in the Isoprene + Ozone Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10806-10813. [PMID: 32431151 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Accurately characterizing isoprene ozonolysis continues to challenge atmospheric chemists. The reaction is believed to be a spontaneous, concerted cycloaddition. However, little information is available about the entrance channel and isoprene-ozone complexes thought to define the long-range portion of the reaction coordinate. Our coupled cluster and auxiliary field quantum Monte Carlo calculations predict multiple stable isoprene-ozone van der Waals complexes for trans-isoprene in the gas phase with moderate association energies. These results indicate that long-range dynamics in the isoprene-ozone entrance channel can impact the overall reaction in the troposphere and provide the spectroscopic information necessary to extend the microwave characterization of isoprene ozonolysis to prereactive complexes. At the air-water interface, Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the cycloaddition reaction between ozone and trans-isoprene follows a stepwise mechanism, which is quite distinct from our proposed gas-phase mechanism and occurs on a femtosecond time scale. The stepwise nature of isoprene ozonolysis on the aqueous surface is more consistent with the DeMore mechanism than with the Criegee mechanism suggested by the gas-phase calculations, suggesting that the reaction media may play an important role in the reaction. Overall, these predictions aim to provide a missing fundamental piece of molecular insight into isoprene ozonolysis, which has broad tropospheric implications due to its critical role as a nighttime source of hydroxyl radicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - James Shee
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Benjamin Rudshteyn
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - David R Reichman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Richard A Friesner
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Charles E Miller
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Inferring Fine-Mode and Coarse-Mode Aerosol Complex Refractive Indices from AERONET Inversion Products over China. ATMOSPHERE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos10030158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Detailed knowledge of the complex refractive indices (m) of fine- and coarse-mode aerosols is important for enhancing understanding of the effect of atmospheric aerosol on climate. However, studies on obtaining aerosol modal m values are particularly scarce. This study proposes a method for inferring m values of fine- and coarse-mode aerosol using the inversion products from the AERONET ground-based aerosol robotic network. By identifying the aerosol type, modal m values are constrained and then inferred based on a maximum likelihood method. Numerical tests showed that compared with the reference values, our method slightly overestimates the real parts of the refractive indices (n), but underestimates the imaginary parts (k) by 2.11% ± 11.59% and 8.4% ± 26.42% for fine and coarse modes, respectively. We applied this method to 21 AERONET sites around China, which yielded annual mean m values of (1.45 ± 0.04) + (0.0109 ± 0.0046)i and (1.53 ± 0.01) + (0.0039 ± 0.0011)i for fine- and coarse-mode aerosols, respectively. It is observed that the fine mode n decreased from 1.53 to 1.39 with increasing latitude, while fine mode k values were generally larger than 0.008 over most of China. The coarse-mode n and k ranged from 1.52 to 1.56 and from 0.002 to 0.006, respectively.
Collapse
|