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Bui VKH, Nguyen XC, Hur J. Revisiting triplet state dissolved organic matter ( 3DOM ⁎): Advances in probes, photoreactivity, and environmental implications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 954:176226. [PMID: 39270862 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Triplet-state dissolved organic matter (3DOM⁎) plays a critical role in the photodegradation of organic pollutants in aquatic environments. This review offers a comprehensive overview of 3DOM⁎, focusing on monitoring methods using various probes, formation mechanisms, and photoreactivity. Traditional probes, such as 2,4,6-trimethylphenol (TMP) and sorbic acid, are widely used, while novel probes promise improved accuracy and sensitivity. The E2:E3 ratio emerges as a promising indicator for 3DOM⁎ due to its simplicity and correlation with photoreactivity, though further validation is needed to confirm its broader applicability. This review highlights the higher photoreactivity of DOM with low molecular weight, low aromaticity, and autochthonous sources, although DOM with contrasting features can also show significant photoreactivity. The presence of inorganic ions and nanomaterials significantly influences 3DOM⁎'s degradation capacity, demonstrating complex interactions with surrounding species. Additionally, the review underscores the importance of various environmental factors, including light source and DOM concentration, in affecting the photodegradation rates of contaminants. Recent literature suggests that future research should focus on developing new probes to capture different aspects of 3DOM⁎, exploring the synergistic effects of plastic leachate, and investigating the role of co-existing ions and nanomaterials on 3DOM⁎ activity. Employing machine learning (ML) techniques to predict 3DOM⁎-related parameters from easily measurable DOM descriptors presents an exciting research avenue. Enhanced understanding of 3DOM⁎ can lead to more effective strategies in wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Khac Hoang Bui
- Laboratory for Advanced Nanomaterials and Sustainable Energy Technologies, Institute for Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Applied Technology, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
| | - Xuan Cuong Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environmental Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
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2
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Hong P, Zhu X, Lai X, Gong Z, Huang M, Wan Y. Room-Temperature CuI-Catalyzed N-Arylation of Cyclopropylamine. J Org Chem 2024; 89:57-67. [PMID: 38109271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
A general and efficient CuI/N-carbazolyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carbohydrazide catalyst system was developed for the N-arylation of cyclopropylamine using aryl bromides at room temperature. Herein, 5 mol % CuI and 5 mol % of the ligand were used to synthesize N-aryl cyclopropylamines in moderate to excellent yields. This protocol was scaled up to produce the desired product at gram levels and has been generalized for C-N coupling between aryl bromides and amines at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Platform Chemicals from Marine Biomass and Their Functionalization, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, P. R. China
| | - Xinhai Zhu
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Platform Chemicals from Marine Biomass and Their Functionalization, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, P. R. China
- Instrument Analysis & Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xin Lai
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Platform Chemicals from Marine Biomass and Their Functionalization, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, P. R. China
| | - Zinan Gong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, P. R. China
| | - Manna Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Platform Chemicals from Marine Biomass and Their Functionalization, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, P. R. China
| | - Yiqian Wan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Platform Chemicals from Marine Biomass and Their Functionalization, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, P. R. China
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Ma L, Worland R, Tran T, Anastasio C. Evaluation of Probes to Measure Oxidizing Organic Triplet Excited States in Aerosol Liquid Water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:6052-6062. [PMID: 37011016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Oxidizing triplet excited states of organic matter (3C*) drive numerous reactions in fog/cloud drops and aerosol liquid water (ALW). Quantifying oxidizing triplet concentrations in ALW is difficult because 3C* probe loss can be inhibited by the high levels of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and copper in particle water, leading to an underestimate of triplet concentrations. In addition, illuminated ALW contains high concentrations of singlet molecular oxygen (1O2*), which can interfere with 3C* probes. Our overarching goal is to find a triplet probe that has low inhibition by DOM and Cu(II) and low sensitivity to 1O2*. To this end, we tested 12 potential probes from a variety of compound classes. Some probes are strongly inhibited by DOM, while others react rapidly with 1O2*. One of the probe candidates, (phenylthiol)acetic acid (PTA), seems well suited for ALW conditions, with mild inhibition and fast rate constants with triplets, but it also has weaknesses, including a pH-dependent reactivity. We evaluated the performance of both PTA and syringol (SYR) as triplet probes in aqueous extracts of particulate matter. While PTA is less sensitive to inhibition than SYR, it results in lower triplet concentrations, possibly because it is less reactive with weakly oxidizing triplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Ma
- Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Reed Worland
- Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Theo Tran
- Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Cort Anastasio
- Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Popova SA, Shevchenko OG, Chukicheva IY. Synthesis of new coumarin[1,3]oxazine derivatives of 7-hydroxy-6-isobornyl-4-methylcoumarin and their antioxidant activity. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:994-1004. [PMID: 34553497 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we synthesized a series of new 9,10-dihydro-2H,8H-chromeno[8,7e][1,3]oxazine-2-on derivatives which incorporate isobornylcoumarin and 1,3-oxazine moieties. A structure-antioxidant activity relationship was analyzed. A comparative evaluation of their radical scavenging activity, antioxidant and membrane-protective properties was carried out in test with DPPH, as well as on the models of Fe2+ /ascorbate-initiated lipid peroxidation and oxidative hemolysis of mammalian red blood cells. The results suggest that all the obtained coumarin[1,3]oxazine derivatives of 7-hydroxy-6-isobornyl-4-methylcoumarin are capable of exhibiting antioxidant activity in various model systems. Compound 7 with a phenyl fragment, combining high radical scavenging activity and the ability to inhibit Fe2+ /ascorbate-initiated peroxidation of animal lipids in a heterogeneous environment, also proved to be the most effective membrane protector and antioxidant in the model of H2 O2 -induced erythrocyte hemolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana A Popova
- Institute of Chemistry, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
| | - Oksana G Shevchenko
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Yu Chukicheva
- Institute of Chemistry, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
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Wang MM, Nguyen TVT, Waser J. Activation of aminocyclopropanes via radical intermediates. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:7344-7357. [PMID: 35938356 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00090c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aminocyclopropanes are versatile building blocks for accessing high value-added nitrogen-containing products. To control ring-opening promoted by ring strain, the Lewis acid activation of donor-acceptor substituted systems is now well established. Over the last decade, alternative approaches have emerged proceeding via the formation of radical intermediates, alleviating the need for double activation of the cyclopropanes. This tutorial review summarizes key concepts and recent progress in ring-opening transformations of aminocyclopropanes via radical intermediates, divided into formal cycloadditions and 1,3-difunctionalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Wang
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tin V T Nguyen
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Patel RI, Singh J, Sharma A. Visible Light‐Mediated Manipulation of 1,n‐Enynes in Organic Synthesis. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roshan I. Patel
- IIT Roorkee: Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee CHEMISTRY INDIA
| | - Jitender Singh
- IIT Roorkee: Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee CHEMISTRY INDIA
| | - Anuj Sharma
- Indian Institute of Technoology Roorkee Deptartment of Chemistry Room 303DDepartment of Chemistry, IIT Roorkee 247667 Roorkee INDIA
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Pan Y, Ruan X, Garg S, Waite TD, Lei Y, Yang X. Copper Inhibition of Triplet-Sensitized Phototransformation of Phenolic and Amine Contaminants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:9980-9989. [PMID: 32687340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c01693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Excited triplet states of natural organic matter (3NOM*) are important reactive intermediates in phototransformation of organic contaminants in sunlit waters. The main goal of this study was to explore the influence of Cu on triplet-sensitized transformation rates of 20 selected phenolic and amine contaminants. Fourteen of the compounds examined exhibited a marked decrease in their 4-carboxybenzophenone (CBBP)-mediated phototransformation rate in the presence of trace amounts of Cu(II) (25-500 nM). Both mathematical modeling of these rate data and transient absorption spectroscopy measurements support the hypothesis that the decrease in the rate and extent of phototransformation of organic contaminants is due to the reduction of radical intermediates of the contaminants by photochemically formed Cu(I). The Cu-induced inhibition of oxidation of organic contaminants photosensitized by Suwannee River NOM (SRNOM) could also take place in the presence of nanomolar concentrations of Cu. The inhibitory effect of Cu on the oxidation rates of amine contaminants in SRNOM solutions was found to be significantly weaker compared to that in CBBP solutions, but little difference was observed on depletion of phenols. This behavior was attributed to the intrinsic inhibitory effect of the antioxidant moieties present in NOM on phototransformation of amine compounds, partially neutralizing the potential for further Cu inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanheng Pan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiaoxue Ruan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Shikha Garg
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - T David Waite
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yu Lei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Chen Y, Li N, Li X, Tao Y, Luo S, Zhao Z, Ma S, Huang H, Chen Y, Ye Z, Ge X. Secondary organic aerosol formation from 3C ⁎-initiated oxidation of 4-ethylguaiacol in atmospheric aqueous-phase. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:137953. [PMID: 32213404 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated aqueous-phase triplet excited states (3C⁎)-induced photo-degradation of 4-ethylguaiacol (EG) under both simulated sunlight and ultraviolet (UV) light irradiations. Through quencher experiments, the relative contributions of reactive oxygen species (ROS, such as 1O2/O2-/·OH) and 3C⁎ were calculated and results showed three reactive species, e.g., 3C⁎, 1O2 and O2-, all seemed to play important roles in the photo-degradation of EG, but contribution from ·OH was relatively minor. High steady-state 1O2 concentration after 1 h irradiation further revealed the major contribution of 1O2 to photo-degradation under Xe light irradiation. The degradation experiment under three saturated gases (air, O2 and N2) showed that the degradation rate in air-saturated condition was the largest owing to synergistic effect of 1O2 and 3C⁎. Oxidative capacity of aqueous secondary organic aerosol (aqSOA) increased with reaction time by monitoring oxygen-to‑carbon (O/C) ratio and carbon oxidation state (OSc) via an aerodyne soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SP-AMS). Moreover, aqSOA mass yields were calculated via SP-AMS data. The UV-vis spectral change suggested formation of light-absorbing organics at first stage under simulated sunlight irradiation. Based on the identified products and the reactive intermediates, we postulated that 3C⁎-induced oxidation might be attributed to direct reactions by 3C⁎ and 1O2, chemical reaction by ROS, as well as oligomerization via H-abstraction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to explore systematically reaction pathways of 4-ethylguaiacol under 3C∗ radical on the basis of thorough analysis of products and reactive species. Our findings highlight the impacts of aqSOA from biomass burning emissions on air quality and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Nanwang Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Xudong Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Ye Tao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Shipeng Luo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Zhuzi Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Shuaishuai Ma
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Hongying Huang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Yanfang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Zhaolian Ye
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China.
| | - Xinlei Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
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9
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Sokolova OO, Bower JF. Selective Carbon–Carbon Bond Cleavage of Cyclopropylamine Derivatives. Chem Rev 2020; 121:80-109. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga O. Sokolova
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - John F. Bower
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
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10
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Apell JN, Pflug NC, McNeill K. Photodegradation of Fludioxonil and Other Pyrroles: The Importance of Indirect Photodegradation for Understanding Environmental Fate and Photoproduct Formation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:11240-11250. [PMID: 31486641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fludioxonil is a pyrrole-containing pesticide whose registration as a plant protection product is currently under review in the United States and Europe. There are concerns over its potential persistence and toxicity in the aquatic environment; however, the pyrrole moiety represents a potential reaction site for indirect photodegradation. In this study, the direct and indirect photodegradation of fludioxonil, along with pyrrole, 3-cyanopyrrole, and 3-phenylpyrrole, were investigated. Results showed that pyrrole moieties are capable of undergoing direct photoionization and sensitized photooxidation to form radical cation species, which then likely deprotonate and react with dissolved oxygen. Additionally, pyrrole moieties can undergo reactions with singlet oxygen (1O2). Furthermore, the presence of electron-withdrawing or -donating substituents substantially impacted the reaction rate with 1O2 as well as the one-electron oxidation potential of the pyrrole that dictates reactions with triplet states of dissolved organic matter (3CDOM*). For fludioxonil, which can undergo both direct and indirect photodegradation, the reaction rate constant with 1O2 alone resulted in a predicted t1/2 < 2 days in waters under sunlit near-surface conditions, suggesting it will not be persistent in aquatic systems. These results are useful for evaluating the environmental fate of fludioxonil as well as other pyrrole compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Apell
- Institute for Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics , ETH Zurich , Universitaetstrasse 16 , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Nicholas C Pflug
- Institute for Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics , ETH Zurich , Universitaetstrasse 16 , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Kristopher McNeill
- Institute for Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics , ETH Zurich , Universitaetstrasse 16 , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
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