Selective Palladium(II) Recovery Using a Polymer Inclusion Membrane with Tris(2-ethylhexyl) Phosphate (TEHP). Experimental and Theoretical Study

Structural Characterization of the Plasticizers' Role in Polymer Inclusion Membranes Used for Indium (III) Transport Containing IONQUEST® 801 as Carrier

Polymer inclusion membranes containing cellulose triacetate as support, Ionquest^® 801 ((2–ethylhexyl acid) -mono (2–ethylhexyl) phosphonic ester) as extractant, and 2NPOE (o–nitrophenyl octyl ether) or TBEP (tri (2–butoxyethyl phosphate)) as plasticizers were characterized using several instrumental techniques (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT–IR), Reflection Infrared Mapping Microscopy (RIMM), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)) with the aim of determining physical and chemical parameters (structure, electric resistance, dielectric constant, thickness, components’ distributions, glass transition temperature, stability) that allow a better comprehension of the role that the plasticizer plays in PIMs designed for In(III) transport. In comparison to TBEP, 2NPOE presents less dispersion and affinity in the PIMs, a plasticizer effect at higher content, higher membrane resistance and less permittivity, and a pronounced drop in the glass transition temperature. However, the increase in permittivity with In (III) sorption is more noticeable and, in general, PIMs with 2NPOE present higher permeability values. These facts indicate that In (III) transport is favored in membranes with chemical environment of high polarity and efficiently plasticized. A drawback is the decrease in stability because of the minor affinity among the components in 2NPOE–PIMs.