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Liu K, Shoinkhorova T, You X, Gong X, Zhang X, Chung SH, Ruiz-Martínez J, Gascon J, Dutta Chowdhury A. The synergistic interplay of hierarchy, crystal size, and Ga-promotion in the methanol-to-aromatics process over ZSM-5 zeolites. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:11344-11353. [PMID: 38899920 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00793j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
In the context of advancing social modernization, the projected shortfall in the demand for renewable aromatic hydrocarbons is expected to widen, influenced by industries like high-end materials, pharmaceuticals, and consumer goods. Sustainable methods for aromatic production from alternative sources, particularly the methanol-to-aromatics (MTA) process using zeolite ZSM-5 and associated with the "methanol economy", have garnered widespread attention. To facilitate this transition, our project consolidates conventional strategies that impact aromatics selectivity-such as using hierarchical zeolites, metallic promoters, or altering zeolite physicochemical properties-into a unified study. Our findings demonstrate the beneficial impact of elongated crystal size and heightened zeolite hierarchy on preferential aromatics selectivity, albeit through distinct mechanisms involving the consumption of shorter olefins. While metallic promoters enhance MTA performance, crystal size, and hierarchy remain pivotal in achieving the maximized aromatics selectivity. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of achieving superior aromatics selectivity through physicochemical modifications in zeolite ZSM-5 during MTA catalysis, thereby advancing the field's comprehension of structure-reactivity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China.
| | - Tuiana Shoinkhorova
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Xinyu You
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China.
| | - Xuan Gong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China.
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China.
| | - Sang-Ho Chung
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Javier Ruiz-Martínez
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jorge Gascon
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
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Zhao L, Xiao PP, Wang Y, Lu Y, Karim TM, Gies H, Yokoi T. Modulation of Al Distribution in High-Silica ZSM-5 Zeolites for Enhancing Catalytic Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:17701-17714. [PMID: 38546502 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The spatial distribution of framework Al (AlF) has been one of the important factors that affect the catalytic properties of zeolites in diverse chemical reactions; however, the synthesis of high-silica zeolites with special AlF distribution remains a challenge. In this study, we successfully synthesized high-silica ZSM-5 zeolites with a unique AlF distribution by employing pentaerythritol (PET) as an additive in the presence of a few tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH). The results demonstrated that the introduction of PET led to a higher proportion of Al atoms located at the sinusoidal and/or straight channels. It was observed that the addition of PET prevented the interaction between TPA+ and tetrahedral [AlO4]- during the crystallization process, resulting in enhanced availability of TPA species in the form of ion-paired TPA+. This effect leads to AlF atoms dominantly distributed away from the intersection and located in narrow channels, where acidic sites more effectively inhibit hydrogen transfer and coke formation. In the reaction of dimethyl ether (DME) to olefins, the catalyst with a unique Al distribution exhibited a significant prolonged catalytic lifetime, surpassing traditional TPA-ZSM-5 by more than 2-fold and maintaining DME conversion above 90% for a maximum of 148 h. The results of multiple pulse experiments also showed that these PET-assisted ZSM-5 zeolites significantly enhanced the selectivity of propene and butene. This approach provides an effective strategy to regulate AlF distribution in high-silica ZSM-5 catalysts with the assistance of neutral alcohol. It holds great potential for application in the synthesis of other high-silica zeolites, thereby enriching the diversity of zeolite catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Pei-Pei Xiao
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- iPEACE223 Inc., Konwa Building, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1-12-22, Japan
| | - Yao Lu
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Tahta Muslim Karim
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Hermann Gies
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yokoi
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- iPEACE223 Inc., Konwa Building, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1-12-22, Japan
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Zhang J, Zhou A, Gawande K, Li G, Shang S, Dai C, Fan W, Han Y, Song C, Ren L, Zhang A, Guo X. b-Axis-Oriented ZSM-5 Nanosheets for Efficient Alkylation of Benzene with Methanol: Synergy of Acid Sites and Diffusion. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ajuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Kaivalya Gawande
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Guanxing Li
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shujie Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chengyi Dai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Yu Han
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chunshan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
| | - Limin Ren
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Anfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xinwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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Singh V, Arumugam S, Kumar M, Tathod AP, Viswanadham N. Renewable p-Xylene Production by Catalytic Conversion of Crude Bioglycerol (GTA -pX Process). Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c04234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vijendra Singh
- Light Stock Processing Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun248005, Uttarakhand, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad201002, India
| | - Selvamani Arumugam
- Light Stock Processing Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun248005, Uttarakhand, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad201002, India
| | - Mahesh Kumar
- Light Stock Processing Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun248005, Uttarakhand, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad201002, India
| | - Anup Prakash Tathod
- Light Stock Processing Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun248005, Uttarakhand, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad201002, India
| | - Nagabhatla Viswanadham
- Light Stock Processing Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun248005, Uttarakhand, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad201002, India
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Li J. In Situ Synthesis of Metal-Containing ZSM-5 and Its Catalytic Performance in Aromatization of Methanol. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:24241-24248. [PMID: 35874220 PMCID: PMC9301955 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Metal-containing ZSM-5 zeolites, denoted as M/ZSM-5 (M = Ga, Zn, and La), were prepared by an in situ synthetic method. The structural, textural, and surface acid properties of M/ZSM-5 were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, NH3-TPD, and FT-IR. The catalyst pore size and the distribution of strong acid and weak acid were affected by the introduction of metal. Considering the methanol-to-aromatics model reaction, the catalytic performance of these samples was investigated in a fixed bed reactor under the conditions of 450 °C and a liquid weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 5 h-1. The results indicated that the Zn/ZSM-5 molecular sieve was most beneficial to aromatization; the relationship between the change of B/L caused by Zn content and aromatics selectivity was further studied. When the B/L value decreased, the selectivity of aromatics showed an initial increase and then a decrease. The B/L value was optimal, and the aromatics yield was the highest when the Zn loading was 0.35%.
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Efficient Utilization of Hydrocarbon Mixture to Produce Aromatics over Zn/ZSM-5 and Physically Mixed with ZSM-5. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12050501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A mixture of saturated and unsaturated light hydrocarbon was used as feed gas for the production of aromatics. Natural gas liquids (NGL) from gas fields and hydrocarbon molecules obtained in the middle of conversion processes could be considered a kind of light hydrocarbon mixture. Therefore, for the conversion of the mixture into aromatics compounds, Zn-impregnated ZSM-5 catalysts were prepared and evaluated by employing different loading of Zn. In addition, the catalytic performance was tested and compared by charging physically mixed two different kinds of catalysts in the bed. The NH3-TPD result showed that the impregnation of Zn led to an increase in the number of medium-strength acid sites, whereas those of weak and strong acid sites were decreased. From the results of the catalytic activity tests, 0.5Zn/ZSM-5 showed the highest aromatics yield. As the amount of Zn loading was further increased to 1 wt.%, the yield of aromatics decreased. The test result in the case of the physically mixed catalysts showed a slightly lower yield in terms of total aromatics, but showed the highest BTX yield. To reveal the relative contribution of each hydrocarbon conversion to aromatics yield, each C2 compound was separately tested for aromatization over Zn/ZSM-5.
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Xie Y, Liang Y, Zhou Q, Wang J, Gong Q, Jia W, Li J, Zhu Z. Transalkylation of C 10 Aromatics with 2-Methylnaphthalene for 2,6-Dimethylnaphthalene Synthesis over a Shape-Selective SiO 2–Ni–H-Mordenite with Nanosheet Crystal. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangli Xie
- School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Ye Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Junnan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Qing Gong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Wenzhi Jia
- Department of Materials Engineering, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Junhui Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Zhirong Zhu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239, Shanghai 200092, China
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Zn-P Co-Modified Hierarchical ZSM-5 Zeolites Directly Synthesized via Dry Gel Conversion for Enhanced Methanol to Aromatics Reaction. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11111388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A unique method to prepare Zn-P co-modified hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites was developed. The ZSM-5 zeolite was directly synthesized by a dry gel conversion without adding any templates or seeds. Afterwards, the hierarchical structure was endowed to the ZSM-5 zeolite by the sequential desilication-dealumination. Zn and P species were then introduced into the hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites by the impregnation method and their activity in methanol to aromatics process was investigated. It was found that the Zn-P co-modified hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites possessed more Zn-related Lewis acid sites, and the ratio of Zn(OH)+/ZnO was increased. The catalytic evaluation results revealed that the benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) and aromatics selectivity were significantly improved from 20.59% and 29.41% of pristine ZSM-5 zeolite to 28.12% and 41.88% of Zn-P co-modified hierarchical counterpart (1.5Zn0.3P/HZSM-5), respectively. Owing to the introduced highly stable Zn-P co-modified hierarchical structures, the lifetime (conversion not less than 99%) of ZSM-5 zeolite during methanol to aromatics reaction was increased from 6 h to 18 h.
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