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Li J, Sheng B, Chen Y, Yang J, Wang P, Li Y, Yu T, Pan H, Qiu L, Li Y, Song J, Zhu L, Wang X, Huang Z, Zhou B. Utilizing full-spectrum sunlight for ammonia decomposition to hydrogen over GaN nanowires-supported Ru nanoparticles on silicon. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7393. [PMID: 39191764 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51810-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Photo-thermal-coupling ammonia decomposition presents a promising strategy for utilizing the full-spectrum to address the H2 storage and transportation issues. Herein, we exhibit a photo-thermal-catalytic architecture by assembling gallium nitride nanowires-supported ruthenium nanoparticles on a silicon for extracting hydrogen from ammonia aqueous solution in a batch reactor with only sunlight input. The photoexcited charge carriers make a predomination contribution on H2 activity with the assistance of the photothermal effect. Upon concentrated light illumination, the architecture significantly reduces the activation energy barrier from 1.08 to 0.22 eV. As a result, a high turnover number of 3,400,750 is reported during 400 h of continuous light illumination, and the H2 activity per hour is nearly 1000 times higher than that under the pure thermo-catalytic conditions. The reaction mechanism is extensively studied by coordinating experiments, spectroscopic characterizations, and density functional theory calculation. Outdoor tests validate the viability of such a multifunctional architecture for ammonia decomposition toward H2 under natural sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglin Li
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Renewable Synthetic Fuel, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Bowen Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Nano-Optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education (NFC-MOE), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqing Chen
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jiajia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Nano-Optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education (NFC-MOE), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Nano-Optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education (NFC-MOE), Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yixin Li
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Renewable Synthetic Fuel, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianqi Yu
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Renewable Synthetic Fuel, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Hu Pan
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Renewable Synthetic Fuel, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Renewable Synthetic Fuel, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Renewable Synthetic Fuel, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Song
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Lei Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Renewable Synthetic Fuel, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Nano-Optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education (NFC-MOE), Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhen Huang
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Renewable Synthetic Fuel, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Baowen Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Renewable Synthetic Fuel, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, China.
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2
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Zhang H, Xu K, He F, Zhu F, Zhou Y, Yuan W, Liu Y, Liu M, Choi Y, Chen Y. Challenges and Advancements in the Electrochemical Utilization of Ammonia Using Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313966. [PMID: 38853746 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Solid oxide fuel cells utilized with NH3 (NH3-SOFCs) have great potential to be environmentally friendly devices with high efficiency and energy density. The advancement of this technology is hindered by the sluggish kinetics of chemical or electrochemical processes occurring on anodes/catalysts. Extensive efforts have been devoted to developing efficient and durable anode/catalysts in recent decades. Although modifications to the structure, composition, and morphology of anodes or catalysts are effective, the mechanistic understandings of performance improvements or degradations remain incompletely understood. This review informatively commences by summarizing existing reports on the progress of NH3-SOFCs. It subsequently outlines the influence of factors on the performance of NH3-SOFCs. The degradation mechanisms of the cells/systems are also reviewed. Lastly, the persistent challenges in designing highly efficient electrodes/catalysts for low-temperature NH3-SOFCs, and future perspectives derived from SOFCs are discussed. Notably, durability, thermal cycling stability, and power density are identified as crucial indicators for enhancing low-temperature (550 °C or below) NH3-SOFCs. This review aims to offer an updated overview of how catalysts/electrodes affect electrochemical activity and durability, offering critical insights for improving performance and mechanistic understanding, as well as establishing the scientific foundation for the design of electrodes for NH3-SOFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kang Xu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fan He
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yucun Zhou
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30309, USA
| | - Wei Yuan
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Research Institute of Renewable Energy and Advanced Materials, Zijin Mining Group Co. Ltd., Xiamen, Fujian, 361101, China
| | - Meilin Liu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30309, USA
| | - YongMan Choi
- College of Photonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Tainan, 71150, Taiwan
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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3
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Ronduda H, Zybert M, Patkowski W, Ostrowski A, Sobczak K, Moszyński D, Raróg-Pilecka W. Elucidating the role of potassium addition on the surface chemistry and catalytic properties of cobalt catalysts for ammonia synthesis. RSC Adv 2024; 14:23095-23108. [PMID: 39040700 PMCID: PMC11261747 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra04517c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The ammonia synthesis process produces millions of tons of ammonia annually needed for the production of fertilisers, making it the second most produced chemical worldwide. Although this process has been optimised extensively, it still consumes large amounts of energy (around 2% of global energy consumption), making it essential to improve its efficiency. To accelerate this improvement, research on catalysts is necessary. Here, we studied the role of potassium in ammonia synthesis on cobalt catalysts and found that it was detrimental to the catalytic activity. It was shown that, regardless of the amount of introduced K, the activity of the K-modified catalysts was much lower than that of the undoped catalyst. K was found to be in the form of oxide; however, it was unstable and reducible to metallic K, which easily volatilised from the catalyst surface under activation conditions. In addition, potassium doping resulted in the sintering of the catalyst, the decrease in the surface basicity, and contributed to the loss of the active sites, mainly due to the coverage of Co surface by residual K species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Ronduda
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland +48 22 234 7602
| | - Magdalena Zybert
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland +48 22 234 7602
| | - Wojciech Patkowski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland +48 22 234 7602
| | - Andrzej Ostrowski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland +48 22 234 7602
| | - Kamil Sobczak
- University of Warsaw, Biological and Chemical Research Centre Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Dariusz Moszyński
- West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering Pułaskiego 10 70-322 Szczecin Poland
| | - Wioletta Raróg-Pilecka
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland +48 22 234 7602
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4
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Xu K, Liu JC, Wang WW, Zhou LL, Ma C, Guan X, Wang FR, Li J, Jia CJ, Yan CH. Catalytic properties of trivalent rare-earth oxides with intrinsic surface oxygen vacancy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5751. [PMID: 38982071 PMCID: PMC11233603 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49981-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxygen vacancy (Ov) is an anionic defect widely existed in metal oxide lattice, as exemplified by CeO2, TiO2, and ZnO. As Ov can modify the band structure of solid, it improves the physicochemical properties such as the semiconducting performance and catalytic behaviours. We report here a new type of Ov as an intrinsic part of a perfect crystalline surface. Such non-defect Ov stems from the irregular hexagonal sawtooth-shaped structure in the (111) plane of trivalent rare earth oxides (RE2O3). The materials with such intrinsic Ov structure exhibit excellent performance in ammonia decomposition reaction with surface Ru active sites. Extremely high H2 formation rate has been achieved at ~1 wt% of Ru loading over Sm2O3, Y2O3 and Gd2O3 surface, which is 1.5-20 times higher than reported values in the literature. The discovery of intrinsic Ov suggests great potentials of applying RE oxides in heterogeneous catalysis and surface chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xu
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jin-Cheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Lu-Lu Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Chao Ma
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xuze Guan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Feng Ryan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Fundamental Science Center of Rare Earths, Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Chun-Jiang Jia
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Chun-Hua Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Lab in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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5
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Verstraete W. Nitrogen and me - How little did we, and do we know about "stikstof - azote - nitrogen"? WATER RESEARCH 2024; 258:121687. [PMID: 38754295 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
This retrospective article reflects on the complex and evolving relationship between humans and nitrogen over several decades. Raised on a Flemish farm, the author's early experiences with nitrogen in agriculture - both its benefits and dangers - laid the foundation for a lifelong interest in this element. The article traverses a broad range of topics related to nitrogen, highlighting its critical role in various historical, agricultural, environmental, and industrial contexts. The narrative begins with a historical overview of nitrogen's role in agriculture and warfare. The development of industrial processes like the Haber and Ostwald methods transformed nitrogen into a key ingredient for both fertilizers and explosives. The dual nature of nitrogen - as a life-giver in agriculture and a destructive component in warfare and also in biodiversity - is an important theme. The article delves into the environmental impacts of nitrogen, particularly in the context of modern agriculture and industrialization. Issues like fertilization, water contamination, and the challenges of managing nitrogenous waste highlight the complex interplay between human activities and environmental health. Technological advancements are explored, including the development of bioaugmentation methods and the potential of genetic engineering in optimizing nitrogen fixation. Throughout the narrative, personal anecdotes are weaved with scientific information, offering a unique perspective on the historical and contemporary challenges of managing nitrogen. The discussion extends to the broader implications of nitrogen management in the context of sustainability, climate change, and global food security and its overall regulatory space. All these considerations call for a re-evaluation of our relationship with nitrogen, advocating for innovative solutions and systemic thinking to address the multifaceted challenges posed by this essential, yet often problematic element.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Verstraete
- Centre for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Belgium.
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6
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Lucentini I, Serrano I, Garcia X, Manjón AG, Hu X, Arbiol J, Pascua-Solé L, Prat J, Villalobos-Portillo EE, Marini C, Escudero C, Llorca J. Ni-Ru supported on CeO 2 obtained by mechanochemical milling for catalytic hydrogen production from ammonia. iScience 2024; 27:110028. [PMID: 38868207 PMCID: PMC11167440 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing active and stable catalysts for carbon-free hydrogen production is crucial to mitigate the effects of climate change. Ammonia is a promising carbon-free hydrogen source, as it has a high hydrogen content and is liquid at low pressure, which allows its easy storage and transportation. We have recently developed a nickel-based catalyst with a small content of ruthenium supported on cerium oxide, which exhibits high activity and stability in ammonia decomposition. Here, we investigate mechanochemical milling for its synthesis, a faster and less energy-consuming technique than conventional ones. Results indicate that mechanochemical synthesis increases catalytic activity compared to the conventional incipient wetness impregnation method. The interaction between the metal precursors and the support is key in fine-tuning catalytic activity, which increases linearly with oxygen vacancies in the support. Moreover, the mechanochemical method modifies the oxidation state of Ni and Ru species, with a variation depending on the precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Lucentini
- Institute of Energy Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Serrano
- Institute of Energy Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xènia Garcia
- Institute of Energy Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Garzón Manjón
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xinxin Hu
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Arbiol
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Laia Pascua-Solé
- Institute of Energy Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Prat
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Carlo Marini
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Escudero
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Llorca
- Institute of Energy Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Su H, Sun J, Li D, Wei J. Local hydrogen bonding environment induces the deprotonation of surface hydroxyl for continuing ammonia decomposition. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:16871-16882. [PMID: 38832822 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06328c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
There is still a paucity of fundamental understanding about the reaction of ammonia decomposition over TiO2, especially the role of water. Herein, FPMD and DFT calculations were used to address this concern. The results reveal that ammonia decomposition in pure ammonia causes the hydroxylation of the surfaces and reduction of the proton acceptor sites, making proton transfer (PT) difficult, increasing the distances between the NH3 and Obr sites and changing the adsorption configurations of NH3, which are not favourable for accepting protons from NH3 dissociation. When water is introduced, the local hydrogen bonding environment, consisting of NH3 and H2O with the H2O dynamically close to the ObrH, promotes the increase of the positive charge of H atoms from 0.133 to 1.47 e, which increases the ObrH bond dipole moment from 1.136 to 1.400 Debye, resulting in the shortening of the H-bond distances between NH3 and ObrH (1.858 vs. 1.945 Å of only NH3) and enlarging the ObrH bonds (0.980 vs. 1.120 Å). This reduces the activation energy barriers of ObrH deprotonation and causes the surfaces to have low hydroxyl coverage from 0.425 to 0.382 eV. Our study reveals the role of water and provides new insights into ammonia decomposition on TiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Su
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Jie Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Donghui Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Jinjia Wei
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
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8
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Altaf C, Colak TO, Karagoz E, Kurt M, Sankir ND, Sankir M. A Review of the Recent Advances in Composite Membranes for Hydrogen Generation Technologies. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:23138-23154. [PMID: 38854521 PMCID: PMC11154723 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Keeping global warming at 2 degrees and below as stated in the "Paris Climate Agreement" and minimizing emissions can only be achieved by establishing a hydrogen (H2) ecosystem. Therefore, H2 technologies stand out in terms of accomplishing zero net emissions. Although H2 is the most abundant element in the known universe, molecular H2 is very rare in nature and must be produced. In H2 production, reforming natural gas and renewable hydrogen processes using electrolyzers comes to the fore. The key to all these technologies is to enhance production speed, performance, and system lifetime. At this point, composite membranes used in both processes come to the fore. This review article summarizes composite membrane technologies used in methane, ethanol, and biomass steam reforming processes, proton exchange membranes, alkaline water electrolysis, and hybrid sulfur cycle. In addition to these common H2 production technologies at large quantities, the innovative systems developed with solar energy integration for H2 generation were linked to composite membrane utilization. This study aimed to draw attention to the importance of composite membranes in H2 production. It aims to prepare a guiding summary for those working on membranes by combining the latest and cutting-edge studies on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem
Tuc Altaf
- Micro
and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, TOBB
University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tuluhan Olcayto Colak
- Micro
and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, TOBB
University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emine Karagoz
- Micro
and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, TOBB
University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kurt
- Micro
and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, TOBB
University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurdan Demirci Sankir
- Micro
and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, TOBB
University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
- Department
of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sankir
- Micro
and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, TOBB
University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
- Department
of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
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9
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Ulucan T, Wang J, Onur E, Chen S, Behrens M, Weidenthaler C. Unveiling the Structure-Property Relationship of MgO-Supported Ni Ammonia Decomposition Catalysts from Bulk to Atomic Structure by In Situ/Operando Studies. ACS Catal 2024; 14:2828-2841. [PMID: 38449535 PMCID: PMC10913046 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c05629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Ammonia is currently being studied intensively as a hydrogen carrier in the context of the energy transition. The endothermic decomposition reaction requires the use of suitable catalysts. In this study, transition metal Ni on MgO as a support is investigated with respect to its catalytic properties. The synthesis method and the type of activation process contribute significantly to the catalytic properties. Both methods, coprecipitation (CP) and wet impregnation (WI), lead to the formation of Mg1-xNixO solid solutions as catalyst precursors. X-ray absorption studies reveal that CP leads to a more homogeneous distribution of Ni2+ cations in the solid solution, which is advantageous for a homogeneous distribution of active Ni catalysts on the MgO support. Activation in hydrogen at 900 °C reduces nickel, which migrates to the support surface and forms metal nanoparticles between 6 nm (CP) and 9 nm (WI), as shown by ex situ STEM. Due to the homogeneously distributed Ni2+ cations in the solid solution structure, CP samples are more difficult to activate and require harsher conditions to reduce the Ni. The combination of in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and operando total scattering experiments allows a structure-property investigation of the bulk down to the atomic level during the catalytic reaction. Activation in H2 at 900 °C for 2 h leads to the formation of large Ni particles (20-30 nm) for the samples synthesized by the WI method, whereas Ni stays significantly smaller for the CP samples (10-20 nm). Sintering has a negative influence on the catalytic conversion of the WI samples, which is significantly lower compared to the conversion observed for the CP samples. Interestingly, metallic Ni redisperses during cooling and becomes invisible for conventional XRD but can still be detected by total scattering methods. The conditions of activation in NH3 at 650 °C are not suitable to form enough reduced Ni nanoparticles from the solid solution and are, therefore, not a suitable activation procedure. The activity steadily increases in the samples activated at 650 °C in NH3 (Group 1) compared to the samples activated at 650 °C in H2 and then reaches the best activity in the samples activated at 900 °C in H2. Only the combination of complementary in situ and ex situ characterization methods provides enough information to identify important structure-property relationships among these promising ammonia decomposition catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolga
H. Ulucan
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, DE-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Jihao Wang
- Institute
for Inorganic Chemistry Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu
Kiel Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ezgi Onur
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, DE-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Shilong Chen
- Institute
for Inorganic Chemistry Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu
Kiel Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Malte Behrens
- Institute
for Inorganic Chemistry Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu
Kiel Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Claudia Weidenthaler
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, DE-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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10
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Yan B, Li Y, Cao W, Zeng Z, Liu P, Ke Z, Yang G. Efficient and Rapid Hydrogen Extraction from Ammonia-Water via Laser Under Ambient Conditions without Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4864-4871. [PMID: 38334947 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
As a good carrier of hydrogen, ammonia-water has been employed to extract hydrogen in many ways. Here, we demonstrate a simple, green, ultrafast, and highly efficient method for hydrogen extraction from ammonia-water by laser bubbling in liquids (LBL) at room temperature and ambient pressure without catalyst. A maximum apparent yield of 33.7 mmol/h and a real yield of 93.6 mol/h were realized in a small operating space, which were far higher than the yields of most hydrogen evolution reactions from ammonia-water under ambient conditions. We also established that laser-induced cavitation bubbles generated a transient high temperature, which enabled a very suitable environment for hydrogen extraction from ammonia-water. The laser used here can serve as a demonstration of potentially solar-pumped catalyst-free hydrogen extraction and other chemical synthesis. We anticipate that the LBL technique will open unprecedented opportunities to produce chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials, Technologies and Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yinwu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials, Technologies and Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials, Technologies and Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zhiping Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials, Technologies and Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Pu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials, Technologies and Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials, Technologies and Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Guowei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials, Technologies and Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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11
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Chin HT, Wang DC, Wang H, Muthu J, Khurshid F, Chen DR, Hofmann M, Chuang FC, Hsieh YP. Confined VLS Growth of Single-Layer 2D Tungsten Nitrides. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:1705-1711. [PMID: 38145463 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) metal nitrides have garnered significant interest due to their potential applications in future electronics and quantum systems. However, the synthesis of such materials with sufficient uniformity and at relevant scales remains an unaddressed challenge. This study demonstrates the potential of confined growth to control and enhance the morphology of 2D metal nitrides. By restricting the reaction volume of vapor-liquid-solid reactions, an enhanced precursor concentration was achieved that reduces the nucleation density, resulting in larger grain sizes and suppression of multilayer growth. Detailed characterization reveals the importance of balancing the energetic and kinetic aspects of tungsten nitride formation toward this ability. The introduction of a promoter enabled the realization of large-scale, single-layer tungsten nitride with a uniform and high interfacial quality. Finally, our advance in morphology control was applied to the production of edge-enriched 2D tungsten nitrides with significantly enhanced hydrogen evolution ability, as indicated by an unprecedented Tafel slope of 55 mV/dec.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ting Chin
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Deng-Chi Wang
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jeyavelan Muthu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Nano Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Farheen Khurshid
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Rui Chen
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Mario Hofmann
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chuan Chuang
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Center for Theoretical and Computational Physics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ping Hsieh
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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12
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Zhao L, Zhuang H, Zhang Y, Ma L, Xi Y, Lin X. Support Effect of Boron Nitride on the First N-H Bond Activation of NH 3 on Ru Clusters. Molecules 2024; 29:328. [PMID: 38257242 PMCID: PMC10818564 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Support effect is an important issue in heterogeneous catalysis, while the explicit role of a catalytic support is often unclear for catalytic reactions. A systematic density functional theory computational study is reported in this paper to elucidate the effect of a model boron nitride (BN) support on the first N-H bond activation step of NH3 on Run (n = 1, 2, 3) metal clusters. Geometry optimizations and energy calculations were carried out using density functional theory (DFT) calculation for intermediates and transition states from the starting materials undergoing the N-H activation process. The primary findings are summarized as follows. The involvement of the model BN support does not significantly alter the equilibrium structure of intermediates and transition states in the most favorable pathway (MFP). Moreover, the involvement of BN support decreases the free energy of activation, ΔG≠, thus improving the reaction rate constant. This improvement is more obvious at high temperatures like 673 K than low temperatures like 298 K. The BN support effect leading to the ΔG≠ decrease is most significant for the single Ru atom case among all three cases studied. Finally, the involvement of the model BN may change the spin transition behavior of the reaction system during the N-H bond activation process. All these findings provide a deeper insight into the support effect on the N-H bond activation of NH3 for the supported Ru catalyst in particular and for supported transition metal catalysts in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.M.); (Y.X.)
| | - Huimin Zhuang
- Shandong Yellow Sea Institute of Science and Technology Innovation, Rizhao 276808, China;
| | - Yixuan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.M.); (Y.X.)
| | - Lishuang Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.M.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yanyan Xi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.M.); (Y.X.)
- Advanced Chemical Engineering and Energy Materials Research Center, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xufeng Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.M.); (Y.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
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13
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Wang Z, He G, Zhang H, Liao C, Yang C, Zhao F, Lei G, Zheng G, Mao X, Zhang K. Plasma-Promoted Ammonia Decomposition over Supported Ruthenium Catalysts for CO x -Free H 2 Production. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202370. [PMID: 37667438 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The efficient decomposition of ammonia to produce COx -free hydrogen at low temperatures has been extensively investigated as a potential method for supplying hydrogen to mobile devices based on fuel cells. In this study, we employed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma, a non-thermal plasma, to enhance the catalytic ammonia decomposition over supported Ru catalysts (Ru/Y2 O3 , Ru/La2 O3 , Ru/CeO2 and Ru/SiO2 ). The plasma-catalytic reactivity of Ru/La2 O3 was found to be superior to that of the other three catalysts. It was observed that both the physicochemical properties of the catalyst (such as support acidity) and the plasma discharge behaviours exerted significant influence on plasma-catalytic reactivity. Combining plasma with a Ru catalyst significantly enhanced ammonia conversion at low temperatures, achieving near complete NH3 conversion over the 1.5 %-Ru/La2 O3 catalyst at temperatures as low as 380 °C. Under a weight gas hourly space velocity of 2400 mL gcat -1 h-1 and an AC supply power of 20 W, the H2 formation rate and energy efficiency achieved were 10.7 mol gRu -1 h-1 and 535 mol gRu -1 (kWh)-1 , respectively, using a 1.5 %-Ru/La2 O3 catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610106, P.R. China
| | - Ge He
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610106, P.R. China
| | - Huazhou Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610106, P.R. China
| | - Che Liao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610106, P.R. China
| | - Chi Yang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610106, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610106, P.R. China
| | - Guangjiu Lei
- Southwestern Institute of Physics (SWIP), Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, P.R. China
| | - Guoyao Zheng
- Southwestern Institute of Physics (SWIP), Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, P.R. China
| | - Xinchun Mao
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics Jiangyou, Sichuan, 621908, P.R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P.R. China
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14
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Bertagni MB, Socolow RH, Martirez JMP, Carter EA, Greig C, Ju Y, Lieuwen T, Mueller ME, Sundaresan S, Wang R, Zondlo MA, Porporato A. Minimizing the impacts of the ammonia economy on the nitrogen cycle and climate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2311728120. [PMID: 37931102 PMCID: PMC10655559 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311728120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) is an attractive low-carbon fuel and hydrogen carrier. However, losses and inefficiencies across the value chain could result in reactive nitrogen emissions (NH3, NOx, and N2O), negatively impacting air quality, the environment, human health, and climate. A relatively robust ammonia economy (30 EJ/y) could perturb the global nitrogen cycle by up to 65 Mt/y with a 5% nitrogen loss rate, equivalent to 50% of the current global perturbation caused by fertilizers. Moreover, the emission rate of nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas and ozone-depleting molecule, determines whether ammonia combustion has a greenhouse footprint comparable to renewable energy sources or higher than coal (100 to 1,400 gCO2e/kWh). The success of the ammonia economy hence hinges on adopting optimal practices and technologies that minimize reactive nitrogen emissions. We discuss how this constraint should be included in the ongoing broad engineering research to reduce environmental concerns and prevent the lock-in of high-leakage practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo B. Bertagni
- High Meadows Environmental Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
| | - Robert H. Socolow
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
| | - John Mark P. Martirez
- Applied Materials and Sustainability Sciences, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ08540
| | - Emily A. Carter
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
- Applied Materials and Sustainability Sciences, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ08540
- Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
| | - Chris Greig
- Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
| | - Yiguang Ju
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
| | - Tim Lieuwen
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332-0150
| | - Michael E. Mueller
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
| | - Sankaran Sundaresan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
| | - Mark A. Zondlo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
| | - Amilcare Porporato
- High Meadows Environmental Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544
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15
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Mizoguchi H, Osawa Y, Sasase M, Ohashi N, Kitano M, Hosono H. Ammonia Cracking Catalyzed by Ni Nanoparticles Confined in the Framework of CeO 2 Support. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9516-9520. [PMID: 37852194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
For the extraction of hydrogen from ammonia at low temperatures, we investigated Ni-based catalysts fabricated by the thermal decomposition of RNi5 intermetallics (R = Ce or Y). The interconnected microstructure formed via phase separation between the Ni catalyst and the resulting oxide support was observed to evolve via low-temperature thermal decomposition of RNi5. The resulting Ni/CeO2 nanocomposite exhibited superior catalytic activity of ∼25% at 400 °C for NH3 cracking. The high catalytic activity was attributed to the interlocking of Ni nanoparticles with the CeO2 framework. The growth of Ni nanoparticles was prevented by this interconnected microstructure, in which the Ni nanoparticles incorporated nitrogen owing to the size effect, whereas Ni does not commonly form nitrides. To the best of our knowledge, this is a unique example of a microstructure that enhances catalytic NH3 cracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Mizoguchi
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yuta Osawa
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Masato Sasase
- MDX Research Center for Element Strategy, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Naoki Ohashi
- Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kitano
- MDX Research Center for Element Strategy, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Hideo Hosono
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- MDX Research Center for Element Strategy, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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16
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Moszczyńska J, Liu X, Wiśniewski M. Green Hydrogen Production through Ammonia Decomposition Using Non-Thermal Plasma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14397. [PMID: 37762700 PMCID: PMC10531932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid hydrogen carriers will soon play a significant role in transporting energy. The key factors that are considered when assessing the applicability of ammonia cracking in large-scale projects are as follows: high energy density, easy storage and distribution, the simplicity of the overall process, and a low or zero-carbon footprint. Thermal systems used for recovering H2 from ammonia require a reaction unit and catalyst that operates at a high temperature (550-800 °C) for the complete conversion of ammonia, which has a negative effect on the economics of the process. A non-thermal plasma (NTP) solution is the answer to this problem. Ammonia becomes a reliable hydrogen carrier and, in combination with NTP, offers the high conversion of the dehydrogenation process at a relatively low temperature so that zero-carbon pure hydrogen can be transported over long distances. This paper provides a critical overview of ammonia decomposition systems that focus on non-thermal methods, especially under plasma conditions. The review shows that the process has various positive aspects and is an innovative process that has only been reported to a limited extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Moszczyńska
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Adsorption and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Xinying Liu
- Institute for Catalysis and Energy Solutions, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, South Africa;
| | - Marek Wiśniewski
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Adsorption and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
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17
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Beyazay T, Martin WF, Tüysüz H. Direct Synthesis of Formamide from CO 2 and H 2O with Nickel-Iron Nitride Heterostructures under Mild Hydrothermal Conditions. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19768-19779. [PMID: 37642297 PMCID: PMC7615090 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Formamide can serve as a key building block for the synthesis of organic molecules relevant to premetabolic processes. Natural pathways for its synthesis from CO2 under early earth conditions are lacking. Here, we report the thermocatalytic conversion of CO2 and H2O to formate and formamide over Ni-Fe nitride heterostructures in the absence of synthetic H2 and N2 under mild hydrothermal conditions. While water molecules act as both a solvent and hydrogen source, metal nitrides serve as nitrogen sources to produce formamide in the temperature range of 25-100 °C under 5-50 bar. Longer reaction times promote the C-C bond coupling and formation of acetate and acetamide as additional products. Besides liquid products, methane and ethane are also produced as gas-phase products. Postreaction characterization of Ni-Fe nitride particles reveals structural alteration and provides insights into the potential reaction mechanism. The findings indicate that gaseous CO2 can serve as a carbon source for the formation of C-N bonds in formamide and acetamide over the Ni-Fe nitride heterostructure under simulated hydrothermal vent conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğçe Beyazay
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mulheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - William F. Martin
- Institute of Molecular Evolution, University of Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Harun Tüysüz
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mulheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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18
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Barat RB. Simple Rate Expression for Catalyzed Ammonia Decomposition for Fuel Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:6006. [PMID: 37630257 PMCID: PMC10458725 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper examines NH3 decomposition rates based on a literature-proven six-step elementary catalytic (Ni-BaZrO3) mechanism valid for 1 × 105 Pa pressure in a 650-950 K range. The rates are generated using a hypothetical continuous stirred tank catalytic reactor model running the literature mechanism. Excellent correlations are then obtained by fitting these rates to a simple overall kinetic expression based on an assumed slow step, with the remaining steps in fast pseudo-equilibria. The robust overall simple rate expression is then successfully demonstrated in various packed bed reactor applications. This expression facilitates engineering calculations without the need for a complex, detailed mechanism solver package. The methodology used in this work is independent of the choice of catalyst. It relies on the availability of a previously published and validated elementary reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Barat
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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19
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Cechetto V, Di Felice L, Gallucci F. Advances and Perspectives of H 2 Production from NH 3 Decomposition in Membrane Reactors. ENERGY & FUELS : AN AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL 2023; 37:10775-10798. [PMID: 37554726 PMCID: PMC10406105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen is often regarded as an ideal energy carrier. Its use in energy conversion devices does in fact not produce any pollutants. However, due to challenges related to its transportation and storage, liquid hydrogen carriers are being investigated. Among the liquid hydrogen carriers, ammonia is considered very promising because it is easy to store and transport, and its conversion to hydrogen has only nitrogen as a byproduct. This work focuses on a review of the latest results of studies dealing with ammonia decomposition for hydrogen production. After a general introduction to the topic, this review specifically focuses on works presenting results of membrane reactors for ammonia decomposition, particularly describing the different reactor configurations and operating conditions, membrane properties, catalysts, and purification steps that are required to achieve pure hydrogen for fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Cechetto
- Inorganic
Membranes and Membrane Reactors, Sustainable Process Engineering,
Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, De Rondom 70, 5612
AP Eindhoven, The
Netherlands
| | - Luca Di Felice
- Inorganic
Membranes and Membrane Reactors, Sustainable Process Engineering,
Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, De Rondom 70, 5612
AP Eindhoven, The
Netherlands
| | - Fausto Gallucci
- Inorganic
Membranes and Membrane Reactors, Sustainable Process Engineering,
Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, De Rondom 70, 5612
AP Eindhoven, The
Netherlands
- Eindhoven
Institute for Renewable Energy Systems (EIRES), Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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20
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Huang X, Lei K, Mi Y, Fang W, Li X. Recent Progress on Hydrogen Production from Ammonia Decomposition: Technical Roadmap and Catalytic Mechanism. Molecules 2023; 28:5245. [PMID: 37446906 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ammonia decomposition has attracted significant attention in recent years due to its ability to produce hydrogen without emitting carbon dioxide and the ease of ammonia storage. This paper reviews the recent developments in ammonia decomposition technologies for hydrogen production, focusing on the latest advances in catalytic materials and catalyst design, as well as the research progress in the catalytic reaction mechanism. Additionally, the paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each method and the importance of finding non-precious metals to reduce costs and improve efficiency. Overall, this paper provides a valuable reference for further research on ammonia decomposition for hydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyong Huang
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243002, China
| | - Ke Lei
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243002, China
| | - Yan Mi
- School of Electrical and Energy Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Wenjian Fang
- School of Electrical and Energy Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Xiaochuan Li
- School of Electrical and Energy Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
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21
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Ma Y, Bae JW, Kim SH, Jovičević-Klug M, Li K, Vogel D, Ponge D, Rohwerder M, Gault B, Raabe D. Reducing Iron Oxide with Ammonia: A Sustainable Path to Green Steel. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300111. [PMID: 36995040 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Iron making is the biggest single cause of global warming. The reduction of iron ores with carbon generates about 7% of the global carbon dioxide emissions to produce ≈1.85 billion tons of steel per year. This dramatic scenario fuels efforts to re-invent this sector by using renewable and carbon-free reductants and electricity. Here, the authors show how to make sustainable steel by reducing solid iron oxides with hydrogen released from ammonia. Ammonia is an annually 180 million ton traded chemical energy carrier, with established transcontinental logistics and low liquefaction costs. It can be synthesized with green hydrogen and release hydrogen again through the reduction reaction. This advantage connects it with green iron making, for replacing fossil reductants. the authors show that ammonia-based reduction of iron oxide proceeds through an autocatalytic reaction, is kinetically as effective as hydrogen-based direct reduction, yields the same metallization, and can be industrially realized with existing technologies. The produced iron/iron nitride mixture can be subsequently melted in an electric arc furnace (or co-charged into a converter) to adjust the chemical composition to the target steel grades. A novel approach is thus presented to deploying intermittent renewable energy, mediated by green ammonia, for a disruptive technology transition toward sustainable iron making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jae Wung Bae
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Ho Kim
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Matic Jovičević-Klug
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kejiang Li
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Dirk Vogel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dirk Ponge
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Rohwerder
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Baptiste Gault
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Materials, Royal School of Mine, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Dierk Raabe
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
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22
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Jiang Y, Takashima R, Nakao T, Miyazaki M, Lu Y, Sasase M, Niwa Y, Abe H, Kitano M, Hosono H. Boosted Activity of Cobalt Catalysts for Ammonia Synthesis with BaAl 2O 4-xH y Electrides. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10669-10680. [PMID: 37129031 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Electrides are promising support materials to promote transition metal catalysts for ammonia synthesis due to their strong electron-donating ability. Cobalt (Co) is an alternative non-noble metal catalyst to ruthenium in ammonia synthesis; however, it is difficult to achieve acceptable activity at low temperatures due to the weak Co-N interaction. Here, we report a novel oxyhydride electride, BaAl2O4-xHy, that can significantly promote ammonia synthesis over Co (500 mmol gCo-1 h-1 at 340 °C and 0.90 MPa) with a very low activation energy (49.6 kJ mol-1; 260-360 °C), which outperforms the state-of-the-art Co-based catalysts, being comparable to the latest Ru catalyst at 300 °C. BaAl2O4-xHy with a stuffed tridymite structure has interstitial cage sites where anionic electrons are accommodated. The surface of BaAl2O4-xHy with very low work functions (1.7-2.6 eV) can donate electrons strongly to Co, which largely facilitates N2 reduction into ammonia with the aid of the lattice H- ions. The stuffed tridymite structure of BaAl2O4-xHy with a three-dimensional AlO4-based tetrahedral framework has great chemical stability and protects the accommodated electrons and H- ions from oxidation, leading to robustness toward the ambient atmosphere and good reusability, which is a significant advantage over the reported hydride-based catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Jiang
- MDX Research Center for Element Strategy, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Ryu Takashima
- MDX Research Center for Element Strategy, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Takuya Nakao
- MDX Research Center for Element Strategy, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Miyazaki
- MDX Research Center for Element Strategy, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yangfan Lu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Masato Sasase
- MDX Research Center for Element Strategy, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Niwa
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization,Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Abe
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization,Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kitano
- MDX Research Center for Element Strategy, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hideo Hosono
- MDX Research Center for Element Strategy, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
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23
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Du M, Guo L, Ren H, Tao X, Li Y, Nan B, Si R, Chen C, Li L. Non-Noble FeCrO x Bimetallic Nanoparticles for Efficient NH 3 Decomposition. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1280. [PMID: 37049373 PMCID: PMC10096975 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia has the advantages of being easy to liquefy, easy to store, and having a high hydrogen content of 17.3 wt%, which can be produced without COx through an ammonia decomposition using an appropriate catalyst. In this paper, a series of FeCr bimetallic oxide nanocatalysts with a uniform morphology and regulated composition were synthesized by the urea two-step hydrolysis method, which exhibited the high-performance decomposition of ammonia. The effects of different FeCr metal ratios on the catalyst particle size, morphology, and crystal phase were investigated. The Fe0.75Cr0.25 sample exhibited the highest catalytic activity, with an ammonia conversion of nearly 100% at 650 °C. The dual metal catalysts clearly outperformed the single metal samples in terms of their catalytic performance. Besides XRD, XPS, and SEM being used as the means of the conventional characterization, the local structural changes of the FeCr metal oxide catalysts in the catalytic ammonia decomposition were investigated by XAFS. It was determined that the Fe metal and FeNx of the bcc structure were the active species of the ammonia-decomposing catalyst. The addition of Cr successfully prevented the Fe from sintering at high temperatures, which is more favorable for the formation of stable metal nitrides, promoting the continuous decomposition of ammonia and improving the decomposition activity of the ammonia. This work reveals the internal relationship between the phase and structural changes and their catalytic activity, identifies the active catalytic phase, thus guiding the design and synthesis of catalysts for ammonia decomposition, and excavates the application value of transition-metal-based nanocomposites in industrial catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Du
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China; (M.D.)
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingling Guo
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hongju Ren
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Gongye Road 523, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xin Tao
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China; (M.D.)
| | - Yunan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China; (M.D.)
| | - Bing Nan
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Rui Si
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China; (M.D.)
| | - Chongqi Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Gongye Road 523, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lina Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China; (M.D.)
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
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24
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Korobova A, Gromov N, Medvedeva T, Lisitsyn A, Kibis L, Stonkus O, Sobolev V, Podyacheva O. Ru Catalysts Supported on Bamboo-like N-Doped Carbon Nanotubes: Activity and Stability in Oxidizing and Reducing Environment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1465. [PMID: 36837095 PMCID: PMC9964624 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The catalysts with platinum-group metals on nanostructured carbons have been a very active field of research, but the studies were mainly limited to Pt and Pd. Here, Ru catalysts based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) have been prepared and thoroughly characterized; Ru loading was kept constant (3 wt.%), while the degree of N-doping was varied (from 0 to 4.8 at.%) to evaluate its influence on the state of supported metal. Using the N-CNTs afforded ultrafine Ru particles (<2 nm) and allowed a portion of Ru to be stabilized in an atomic state. The presence of Ru single atoms in Ru/N-CNTs expectedly increased catalytic activity and selectivity in the formic acid decomposition (FAD) but had no effect in catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) of phenol, thus arguing against a key role of single-atom catalysis in the latter case. A remarkable difference between these two reactions was also found in regard to catalyst stability. In the course of FAD, no changes in the support or supported species or reaction rate were observed even at a high temperature (150 °C). In CWAO, although 100% conversions were still achievable in repeated runs, the oxidizing environment caused partial destruction of N-CNTs and progressive deactivation of the Ru surface by carbonaceous deposits. These findings add important new knowledge about the properties and applicability of Ru@C nanosystems.
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25
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Fang H, Wu S, Ayvali T, Zheng J, Fellowes J, Ho PL, Leung KC, Large A, Held G, Kato R, Suenaga K, Reyes YIA, Thang HV, Chen HYT, Tsang SCE. Dispersed surface Ru ensembles on MgO(111) for catalytic ammonia decomposition. Nat Commun 2023; 14:647. [PMID: 36746965 PMCID: PMC9902439 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36339-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ammonia is regarded as an energy vector for hydrogen storage, transport and utilization, which links to usage of renewable energies. However, efficient catalysts for ammonia decomposition and their underlying mechanism yet remain obscure. Here we report that atomically-dispersed Ru atoms on MgO support on its polar (111) facets {denoted as MgO(111)} show the highest rate of ammonia decomposition, as far as we are aware, than all catalysts reported in literature due to the strong metal-support interaction and efficient surface coupling reaction. We have carefully investigated the loading effect of Ru from atomic form to cluster/nanoparticle on MgO(111). Progressive increase of surface Ru concentration, correlated with increase in specific activity per metal site, clearly indicates synergistic metal sites in close proximity, akin to those bimetallic N2 complexes in solution are required for the stepwise dehydrogenation of ammonia to N2/H2, as also supported by DFT modelling. Whereas, beyond surface doping, the specific activity drops substantially upon the formation of Ru cluster/nanoparticle, which challenges the classical view of allegorically higher activity of coordinated Ru atoms in cluster form (B5 sites) than isolated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihuang Fang
- The Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Simson Wu
- The Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Tugce Ayvali
- The Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Jianwei Zheng
- The Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Joshua Fellowes
- The Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Ping-Luen Ho
- The Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Kwan Chee Leung
- The Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | | | - Georg Held
- Diamond Light Source, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Ryuichi Kato
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kazu Suenaga
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yves Ira A Reyes
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Ho Viet Thang
- The University of Danang, University of Science and Technology, DaNang, 550000, Vietnam
| | - Hsin-Yi Tiffany Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
- College of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Shik Chi Edman Tsang
- The Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK.
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26
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Adamou P, Bellomi S, Hafeez S, Harkou E, Al-Salem S, Villa A, Dimitratos N, Manos G, Constantinou A. Recent progress for hydrogen production from ammonia and hydrous hydrazine decomposition: A review on heterogeneous catalysts. Catal Today 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2023.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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27
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CeO2 modified Ru/γ-Al2O3 catalyst for ammonia decomposition reaction. J RARE EARTH 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2023.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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28
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Theoretical study on Fe-M (M = Mo, Ni, Pt) bimetallic catalysts to promote ammonia decomposition. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Yuan Y, Zhou L, Robatjazi H, Bao JL, Zhou J, Bayles A, Yuan L, Lou M, Lou M, Khatiwada S, Carter EA, Nordlander P, Halas NJ. Earth-abundant photocatalyst for H
2
generation from NH
3
with light-emitting diode illumination. Science 2022; 378:889-893. [PMID: 36423268 DOI: 10.1126/science.abn5636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Catalysts based on platinum group metals have been a major focus of the chemical industry for decades. We show that plasmonic photocatalysis can transform a thermally unreactive, earth-abundant transition metal into a catalytically active site under illumination. Fe active sites in a Cu-Fe antenna-reactor complex achieve efficiencies very similar to Ru for the photocatalytic decomposition of ammonia under ultrafast pulsed illumination. When illuminated with light-emitting diodes rather than lasers, the photocatalytic efficiencies remain comparable, even when the scale of reaction increases by nearly three orders of magnitude. This result demonstrates the potential for highly efficient, electrically driven production of hydrogen from an ammonia carrier with earth-abundant transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigao Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University; Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Linan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University; Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University; Houston, TX 77005, USA
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hossein Robatjazi
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University; Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Syzygy Plasmonics Inc., Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Junwei Lucas Bao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-5263; Present address: Department of Chemistry, Boston College; Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Jingyi Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University; Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Aaron Bayles
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University; Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University; Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Minghe Lou
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University; Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Minhan Lou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University; Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | | | - Emily A. Carter
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA 90095-1405 and Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and the Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University; Princeton, NJ 08544-5263, USA
| | - Peter Nordlander
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University; Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Naomi J. Halas
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University; Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University; Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
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30
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Preparation of Lanthanum Hexaaluminate Supported Nickel Catalysts for Hydrogen Production by Ammonia Decomposition. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-022-04214-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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Caballero LC, Thornburg NE, Nigra MM. Catalytic ammonia reforming: alternative routes to net-zero-carbon hydrogen and fuel. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12945-12956. [PMID: 36425514 PMCID: PMC9667930 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04672e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Ammonia is an energy-dense liquid hydrogen carrier and fuel whose accessible dissociation chemistries offer promising alternatives to hydrogen electrolysis, compression and dispensing at scale. Catalytic ammonia reforming has thus emerged as an area of renewed focus within the ammonia and hydrogen energy research & development communities. However, a majority of studies emphasize the discovery of new catalytic materials and their evaluation under idealized laboratory conditions. This Perspective highlights recent advances in ammonia reforming catalysts and their demonstrations in realistic application scenarios. Key knowledge gaps and technical needs for real reformer devices are emphasized and presented alongside enabling catalyst and reaction engineering fundamentals to spur future investigations into catalytic ammonia reforming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis C Caballero
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA
| | - Nicholas E Thornburg
- Center for Integrated Mobility Sciences, National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden CO USA
| | - Michael M Nigra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA
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32
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Ammonia Decomposition over Ru/SiO2 Catalysts. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12101203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ammonia decomposition is a key step in hydrogen production and is considered a promising practical intercontinental hydrogen carrier. In this study, 1 wt.% Ru/SiO2 catalysts were prepared via wet impregnation and subjected to calcination in air at different temperatures to control the particle size of Ru. Furthermore, silica supports with different surface areas were prepared after calcination at different temperatures and utilized to support a change in the Ru particle size distribution of Ru/SiO2. N2 physisorption and transmission electron microscopy were used to probe the textural properties and Ru particle size distribution of the catalysts, respectively. These results show that the Ru/SiO2 catalyst with a high-surface area achieved the highest ammonia conversion among catalysts at 400 °C. Notably, this is closely related to the Ru particle sizes ranging between 5 and 6 nm, which supports the notion that ammonia decomposition is a structure-sensitive reaction.
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33
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Payne AJR, Xavier NF, Bauerfeldt GF, Sacchi M. Dehydrogenation of ammonia on free-standing and epitaxial hexagonal boron nitride. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:20426-20436. [PMID: 35983875 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01392d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a thermodynamically feasible mechanism for producing H2 from NH3 using hBN as a catalyst. 2D catalysts have exceptional surface areas with unique thermal and electronic properties suited for catalysis. Metal-free, 2D catalysts, are highly desirable materials that can be more sustainable than the ubiquitously employed precious and transition metal-based catalysts. Here, using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we demonstrate that metal-free hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a valid alternative to precious metal catalysts for producing H2via reaction of ammonia with a boron and nitrogen divacancy (VBN). Our results show that the decomposition of ammonia proceeds on monolayer hBN with an activation energy barrier of 0.52 eV. Furthermore, the reaction of ammonia with epitaxially grown hBN on a Ru(0001) substrate was investigated, and we observed similar NH3 decomposition energy barriers (0.61 eV), but a much more facile H2 associative desorption barrier (0.69 eV vs 5.89 eV). H2 generation from the free-standing monolayer would instead occur through a diffusion process with an energy barrier of 3.36 eV. A detailed analysis of the electron density and charge distribution along the reaction pathways was carried out to rationalise the substrate effects on the catalytic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J R Payne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Neubi F Xavier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Glauco F Bauerfeldt
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 23890-000 Seropédica-RJ, Brazil
| | - Marco Sacchi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK.
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34
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Chen G, Qu J, Cheah P, Cao D, Zhao Y, Xiang Y. Size-Dependent Activity of Iron Nanoparticles in Both Thermal and Plasma Driven Catalytic Ammonia Decomposition. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c02092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Genwei Chen
- Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Jing Qu
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Atmospheric Science, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi 39217, United States
| | - Pohlee Cheah
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Atmospheric Science, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi 39217, United States
| | - Dongmei Cao
- Material Characterization Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Yongfeng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Atmospheric Science, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi 39217, United States
| | - Yizhi Xiang
- Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
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35
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Fouling behavior of a printed circuit steam generator under simulated operating conditions of a small modular reactor. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2022.109127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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36
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Ristig S, Poschmann M, Folke J, Gómez‐Cápiro O, Chen Z, Sanchez‐Bastardo N, Schlögl R, Heumann S, Ruland H. Ammonia Decomposition in the Process Chain for a Renewable Hydrogen Supply. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ristig
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Michael Poschmann
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Jan Folke
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Oscar Gómez‐Cápiro
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Zongkun Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Nuria Sanchez‐Bastardo
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Robert Schlögl
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Saskia Heumann
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Holger Ruland
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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37
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Hirabayashi S, Ichihashi M. Anomalously Efficient Dehydrogenation of NH 3 on Ir 4+ and Ir 5. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4451-4455. [PMID: 35786880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Gas-phase reactions of iridium cluster cations, Irn+ (n = 1-8), with ammonia are studied at near-thermal energies. In single collision reactions, dehydrogenation of NH3 proceeds at n = 1-5, and in particular, Ir4+ and Ir5+ are found to be significantly reactive. This size dependence is quite different from those of other platinum group metal cluster cations, where usually only the dimers are able to dehydrogenate NH3. Moreover, the sequentially dehydrogenated products, Ir4,5(NH)m+ (m = 2-5), are chiefly observed under multiple collision conditions. This observation suggests that the NH species on Ir4,5+ possibly encourages, or at least does not prohibit, the adsorption of the coming NH3 molecule and the dehydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Hirabayashi
- East Tokyo Laboratory, Genesis Research Institute, Inc., 717-86 Futamata, Ichikawa, Chiba 272-0001, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ichihashi
- Cluster Research Laboratory, Toyota Technological Institute: in East Tokyo Laboratory, Genesis Research Institute, Inc., 717-86 Futamata, Ichikawa, Chiba 272-0001, Japan
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38
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Yamazaki K, Matsumoto M, Kubo H, Fujitani T, Ishikawa M, Sato A. Evaluation of Durability Performance of a Ru/MgO Catalyst for Ammonia Decomposition at an on-Site Hydrogen Fueling Station. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Yamazaki
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc., Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Matsumoto
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc., Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
| | - Hidehito Kubo
- Toyota Industries Corporation, Kariya, Aichi 448-8671, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Fujitani
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | | | - Akinori Sato
- Toyota Motor Corporation, Toyota, Aichi 471-8572, Japan
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39
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Khan WU, Alasiri HS, Ali SA, Hossain MM. Recent Advances in Bimetallic Catalysts for Hydrogen Production from Ammonia. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200030. [PMID: 35475530 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The emerging concept of the hydrogen economy is facing challenges associated with hydrogen storage and transport. The utilization of ammonia as an energy (hydrogen) carrier for the on-site generation of hydrogen via ammonia decomposition has gained attraction among the scientific community. Ruthenium-based catalysts are highly active but their high cost and less abundance are limitations for scale-up application. Therefore, combining ruthenium with cheaper transition metals such as nickel, cobalt, iron, molybdenum, etc., to generate metal-metal (bimetallic) surfaces suitable for ammonia decomposition has been investigated in recent years. Herein, the recent trends in developing bimetallic catalyst systems, the role of metal type, support materials, promoter, synthesis techniques, and the investigations of the reaction kinetics and mechanism for ammonia decomposition have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim U Khan
- Interdiscipilinary Research Center for Refining & Advanced Chemicals, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan S Alasiri
- Interdiscipilinary Research Center for Refining & Advanced Chemicals, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed A Ali
- Interdiscipilinary Research Center for Refining & Advanced Chemicals, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M Hossain
- Interdiscipilinary Research Center for Refining & Advanced Chemicals, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Mateti S, Saranya L, Sathikumar G, Cai Q, Yao Y, Chen YI. Nanomaterials enhancing the solid-state storage and decomposition of ammonia. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:222001. [PMID: 35172285 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac55d1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen is ideal for producing carbon-free and clean-green energy with which to save the world from climate change. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells use to hydrogen to produce 100% clean energy, with water the only by-product. Apart from generating electricity, hydrogen plays a crucial role in hydrogen-powered vehicles. Unfortunately, the practical uses of hydrogen energy face many technical and safety barriers. Research into hydrogen generation and storage and reversibility transportation are still in its very early stages. Ammonia (NH3) has several attractive attributes, with a high gravimetric hydrogen density of 17.8 wt% and theoretical hydrogen conversion efficiency of 89.3%. Ammonia storage and transport are well-established technologies, making the decomposition of ammonia to hydrogen the safest and most carbon-free option for using hydrogen in various real-time applications. However, several key challenges must be addressed to ensure its feasibility. Current ammonia decomposition technologies require high temperatures, pressures and non-recyclable catalysts, and a sustainable decomposition mechanism is urgently needed. This review article comprehensively summarises current knowledge about and challenges facing solid-state storage of ammonia and decomposition. It provides potential strategic solutions for developing a scalable process with which to produce clean hydrogen by eliminating possible economic and technical barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Mateti
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, 3216, Australia
| | - Lakshmi Saranya
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, 3216, Australia
| | - Gautham Sathikumar
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, 3216, Australia
| | - Qiran Cai
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, 3216, Australia
| | - Yagang Yao
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
- Division of Nanomaterials and Jiangxi Key Lab of Carbonene Materials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Nanchang, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330200, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Ian Chen
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, 3216, Australia
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41
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COx-free hydrogen production from ammonia at low temperature using Co/SiC catalyst: Effect of promoter. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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42
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Feng J, Zhang X, Wang J, Ju X, Liu L, Chen P. Applications of rare earth oxides in catalytic ammonia synthesis and decomposition. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01156a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to their unique structural and electronic properties, rare earth oxides have been widely applied as supports and promoters in catalytic ammonia synthesis and decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Feng
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xilun Zhang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiemin Wang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaohua Ju
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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