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Yu Z, Gao WT, Liu YJ, Zhang QG, Zhu AM, Liu QL. Fluorinated poly(p-triphenyl piperidine) anion exchange membranes with robust dimensional stability for fuel cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 651:404-414. [PMID: 37549525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), which are more economical than proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), stand out in the context of the rapid development of renewable energy. Superacid-catalyzed ether-free aromatic polymers have recently received a lot of attention due to their exceptional performance, but their development has been hampered by the trade-off between the dimensional stability and ionic conductivity of anion exchange membranes (AEMs). Here, we introduced fluoroketones containing different numbers of fluorinated groups (x = 0, 3 and 6) in the main chain of p-terphenyl piperidine because of the favorable hydrophobic properties of fluorinated groups. The results show that fluorinated AEMs can enhance OH- conductivity by building more aggregated hydrophilic channels while ensuring dimensional stability. The PTF6-QAPTP AEM with more fluorinated groups has the most excellent performance at 80 °C with an OH- conductivity of 142.7 mS cm-1 and a swelling ratio (SR) of only 4.55 %. Additionally, it exhibits good alkali durability, with the OH- conductivity and quaternary ammonium (QA) cation retaining at 93.45% and 92.6%, respectively, after immersion in a 2 M NaOH solution at 80 °C for 1200 h. In addition, the power density of the PTF6-QAPTP based single cell reaches 849 mW cm-2 when the current density is 1600 mA cm-2. The PTF6-QAPTP based cell has a voltage retention of 88% after 80 h of stability testing at a constant current density of 300 mA cm-2 at 80 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Yu
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, The College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Wei Ting Gao
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, The College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Ying Jie Liu
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, The College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Qiu Gen Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, The College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Ai Mei Zhu
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, The College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Qing Lin Liu
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, The College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China.
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Graphene in Polymeric Nanocomposite Membranes—Current State and Progress. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
One important application of polymer/graphene nanocomposites is in membrane technology. In this context, promising polymer/graphene nanocomposites have been developed and applied in the production of high-performance membranes. This review basically highlights the designs, properties, and use of polymer/graphene nanocomposite membranes in the field of gas separation and purification. Various polymer matrices (polysulfone, poly(dimethylsiloxane), poly(methyl methacrylate), polyimide, etc.), have been reinforced with graphene to develop nanocomposite membranes. Various facile strategies, such as solution casting, phase separation, infiltration, self-assembly, etc., have been employed in the design of gas separation polymer/graphene nanocomposite membranes. The inclusion of graphene in polymeric membranes affects their morphology, physical properties, gas permeability, selectivity, and separation processes. Furthermore, the final membrane properties are affected by the nanofiller content, modification, dispersion, and processing conditions. Moreover, the development of polymer/graphene nanofibrous membranes has introduced novelty in the field of gas separation membranes. These high-performance membranes have the potential to overcome challenges arising from gas separation conditions. Hence, this overview provides up-to-date coverage of advances in polymer/graphene nanocomposite membranes, especially for gas separation applications. The separation processes of polymer/graphene nanocomposite membranes (in parting gases) are dependent upon variations in the structural design and processing techniques used. Current challenges and future opportunities related to polymer/graphene nanocomposite membranes are also discussed.
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Barros KS, Carvalheira M, Marreiros BC, Reis MAM, Crespo JG, Pérez-Herranz V, Velizarov S. Donnan Dialysis for Recovering Ammonium from Fermentation Solutions Rich in Volatile Fatty Acids. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:347. [PMID: 36984733 PMCID: PMC10054700 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13030347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
For the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) using nitrogen-rich feedstocks (e.g., protein-rich resources), the typical strategy of restricting cell growth as a means to enhance overall PHA productivity by nitrogen limitation is not applicable. In this case, a possible alternative to remove the nitrogen excess (NH4+/NH3) is by applying membrane separation processes. In the present study, the use of Donnan dialysis to separate ammonium ions from volatile fatty acids present in the media for the production of PHA was evaluated. Synthetic and real feed solutions were used, applying NaCl and HCl receiver solutions separated by commercial cation-exchange membranes. For this specific purpose, Fumasep and Ralex membranes showed better performance than Ionsep. Sorption of ammonium ions occurred in the Ralex membrane, thus intensifying the ammonium extraction. The separation performances with NaCl and HCl as receiver solutions were similar, despite sorption occurring in the Ralex membrane more intensely in the presence of NaCl. Higher volumetric flow rates, NaCl receiver concentrations, and volume ratios of feed:receiver solutions enhanced the degree of ammonium recovery. The application of an external electric potential difference to the two-compartment system did not significantly enhance the rate of ammonium appearance in the receiver solution. The results obtained using a real ammonium-containing solution after fermentation of cheese whey showed that Donnan dialysis can be successfully applied for ammonium recovery from such solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Santana Barros
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- IEC Group, ISIRYM, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022, P.O. Box 22012, E-46071 València, Spain
| | - Mónica Carvalheira
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Bruno Costa Marreiros
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria Ascensão M. Reis
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - João Goulão Crespo
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Valentín Pérez-Herranz
- IEC Group, ISIRYM, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022, P.O. Box 22012, E-46071 València, Spain
| | - Svetlozar Velizarov
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Duan X, Zhu X, Li G, Xia R, Qian J, Ge Q. Pyrrolidinium-Based Hyperbranched Anion Exchange Membranes with Controllable Microphase Separated Morphology for Alkaline Fuel Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200669. [PMID: 36153849 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
It is well acknowledged that the microphase-separated morphology of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) is of vital importance for membrane properties utilized in alkaline fuel cells. Herein, a rigid macromolecule poly(methyldiallylamine) (PMDA) is incorporated to regulate the microphase morphology of hyperbranched AEMs. As expected, the hyperbranched poly(vinylbenzyl chloride) (HB-PVBC) is guided to distribute along PMDA chains, and longer PMDA cha leads to a more distinct microphase morphology with interconnected ionic channels. Consequently, high chloride conductivity of 10.49 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and suppressed water swelling ratio lower than 30% at 80 °C are obtained. Furthermore, the β-H of pyrrolidinium cations in the non-antiperiplanar position increases the energy barrier of β-H elimination, leading to conformationally disfavored Hofmann elimination and increased alkaline stability. This strategy is anticipated to provide a feasible way for preparing hyperbranched AEMs with clear microphase morphology and good overall properties for alkaline fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Gege Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Ru Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Jiasheng Qian
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Ge
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
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Xu L, Wang H, Min L, Xu W, Wang Y, Zhang W. Anion Exchange Membranes Based on Poly(aryl piperidinium) Containing Both Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Side Chains. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin 300350, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huimin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin 300350, People’s Republic of China
| | - Luofu Min
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin 300350, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Xu
- Tianjin Mainland Hydrogen Equipment Co., Ltd., Tianjin 301609, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin 300350, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin 300350, People’s Republic of China
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Liu Q, Wang Z, Sui Z, Shui T, Wang S. A novel anion exchange membrane based on silicone/polyphenylene oxide with excellent ionic conductivity for
AEMFC. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Zhe Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
- School of Chemistry and Life Science Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Zhiyin Sui
- College of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Tianen Shui
- College of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Song Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
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