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Allegri A, Saotta A, Liuzzi F, Gianotti E, Paul G, Cattaneo AS, Oldani C, Brigliadori A, Zanoni I, Fornasari G, Dimitratos N, Albonetti S. Aquivion-Based Spray Freeze-Dried Composite Materials for the Cascade Production of γ-Valerolactone. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301683. [PMID: 38696275 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
The development of multifunctional catalysts is a necessary step to effectively carry out one-pot cascade reactions, such as that from furfural to γ-valerolactone. This research effort faces the challenge posed by the intrinsic limit of how many kinds of catalytic sites a single material can bear. In this work, the application of Spray-Freeze Drying (SFD) as a synthetic technique for the preparation of a wide range of innovative composite multi-functional catalysts is reported. Herein we show that by the proper combination of Aquivion as a highly active Brønsted acid catalyst and metal oxides as both support materials and Lewis acids (LAS) enable to achieve highly unique efficient and effective dual acid composite catalysts that are able to carry out the cascade reaction from furfural to γ-valerolactone. The dual catalytic system comprised of Aq/ZrO2 with 30 % polymer content prepared via spray-freeze drying exhibited GVL yields of 25 % after only 2 h at 180 °C and a remarkably high productivity of 4470 μmolGVL gCat -1 h-1, one of the highest reported results. Mechanistic studies based on experimental and advanced characterisation and spectroscopic techniques, such as, SEM, TEM, 15N MAS NMR and 19F MAS NMR indicate that activity arises from the proper tuning of BAS/LAS (Brønsted Acid Site/Lewis Acid Site) acidic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegri
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, C3-Centre for Chemical Catalysis, CIRI-FRAME, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Saotta
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, C3-Centre for Chemical Catalysis, CIRI-FRAME, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Liuzzi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, C3-Centre for Chemical Catalysis, CIRI-FRAME, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrica Gianotti
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, Università del Piemonte Orientale, P.zza Sant'Eusebio 5, 13100, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Geo Paul
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via T. Michel 11, 15100, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Alice S Cattaneo
- R&D Centre, Solvay Specialty Polymers Spa, Viale Lombardia 20, 20021, Bollate, Italy
| | - Claudio Oldani
- R&D Centre, Solvay Specialty Polymers Spa, Viale Lombardia 20, 20021, Bollate, Italy
| | - Andrea Brigliadori
- CNR-ISSMC, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy, Via Granarolo, 64, 48018, Faenza, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zanoni
- CNR-ISSMC, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy, Via Granarolo, 64, 48018, Faenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fornasari
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, C3-Centre for Chemical Catalysis, CIRI-FRAME, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nikolaos Dimitratos
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, C3-Centre for Chemical Catalysis, CIRI-FRAME, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Albonetti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, C3-Centre for Chemical Catalysis, CIRI-FRAME, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
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Levulinic Acid Is a Key Strategic Chemical from Biomass. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12080909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Levulinic acid (LA) is one of the top twelve chemicals listed by the US Department of Energy that can be derived from biomass. It serves as a building block and platform chemical for producing a variety of chemicals, fuels and materials which are currently produced in fossil based refineries. LA is a key strategic chemical, as fuel grade chemicals and plastic substitutes can be produced by its catalytic conversion. LA derivatisation to various product streams, such as alkyl levulinates via esterification, γ-valerolactone via hydrogenation and N-substituted pyrrolidones via reductive amination and many other transformations of commercial utility are possible owing to the two oxygen functionalities, namely, carbonyl and carboxyl groups, present within the same substrate. Various biomass feedstock, such as agricultural wastes, marine macroalgae, and fresh water microalgae were successfully converted to LA in high yields. Finding a substitute to mineral acid catalysts for the conversion of biomass to LA is a challenge. The use of an ultrasound technique facilitated the production of promising nano-solid acid catalysts including Ga salt of molybophosphoric acid and Ga deposited mordenite zeolite, with optimum amounts of Lewis and Bronsted acidities needed for the conversion of glucose to LA in high yields, being 56 and 59.9 wt.% respectively. Microwave irradiation technology was successfully utilized for the accelerated production of LA (53 wt.%) from glucose in a short duration of 6 min, making use of the unique synergistic catalytic activity of ZnBr2 and HCl.
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Kumar A, Bhardwaj R, Mandal SK, Choudhury J. Transfer Hydrogenation of CO 2 and CO 2 Derivatives using Alcohols as Hydride Sources: Boosting an H 2-Free Alternative Strategy. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Ritu Bhardwaj
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Sanajit Kumar Mandal
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Joyanta Choudhury
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462 066, India
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