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Kannan J, Sande PC. Reinterpretation of the Geldart A powder classification based on Eulerian–Eulerian CFD simulation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2022-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Geldart classified powders into four categories and assigned each category its own unique characteristic. Geldart A particles, being easily aeratable, show a unique feature of ‘Homogenous expansion’ before bubbling. In this work, an additional feature for the Geldart chart is proposed which adds significant utility for the processing of Geldart A particles. CFD was used to characterize the entire Geldart A region of the Geldart chart based on detailed fluidization behavior. For this, Eulerian–Eulerian Two-fluid model (TFM) simulations were conducted for 25 particle systems across the entire span of the Geldart A region. The simulations (Solid volume fraction (SVF) contours) of bed evolution, taken before the appearance of multiple bubbles, were analyzed in detail. The particle systems were then sub-categorized into Red (5% average bed expansion), Orange (12.5% average bed expansion), and Green (30% average bed expansion) sub-types. The sub-types were plotted on Geldart chart, and for the first time a continuum heat map was generated, from which the ‘level of fluidizability’ of all Geldart A powders can be conveniently gaged. The map can be used for a more informed choice of powder for various industrial applications. Also, the A/B boundary proposed by Verloop was found to be a better fit for our proposed continuum when compared to the original Geldart A/B boundary. The 2D Simulation results performed in this work, found adequate validation against experimental findings in literature. Further, fine mesh 2D simulation results compared well with 3D simulations for dense bed, and were thereby deemed adequate for revealing dense bed behavior before onset of multiple bubbles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janani Kannan
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Birla Institute of Technology and Science , Pilani , 333031 , India
| | - Priya C. Sande
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science , Pilani , 333031 , India
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Kia Lashaki M, Sayyad Amin J, Zendehboudi S. Numerical simulation of homogeneous fluidization behaviour of Geldart Group A particles in gas tapered fluidized beds. CAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sohrab Zendehboudi
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science Memorial University St. John's NL Canada
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3
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Guo Q, Bordbar A, Ma L, Yu Y, Xu S, Boyce CM, Ye M. A
CFD‐DEM
study of the solid‐like and fluid‐like states in the homogeneous fluidization regime of Geldart A particles. AIChE J 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Guo
- Department of Chemical Engineering Columbia University New York New York USA
| | - Alireza Bordbar
- Department of Chemical Engineering Columbia University New York New York USA
| | - Likun Ma
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy and National Engineering Laboratory for MTO Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian China
| | - Yaxiong Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Shuliang Xu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy and National Engineering Laboratory for MTO Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian China
| | | | - Mao Ye
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy and National Engineering Laboratory for MTO Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian China
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4
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Tian F, Liu S, Zhao Z, Lei M. Insight on micro bubbling mechanism in a 2D fluidized bed with Group D particles. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2021-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
By CFD-DEM simulations, the present work is aimed to investigate the transient gas-solid bubbling mechanisms along a whole bubble lifecycle in a 2D fluidized bed from a micro perspective. Systemic comparisons with CCD measurements confirm the validity of current simulations. Afterward, the manner of particle motion and its driving mechanisms at various stages are investigated. In order to do that, external forces are analyzed at an individual particle level, including the drag, pressure gradient force, and their resultant acceleration together with gravity. Many interesting findings have been achieved. For example, a switch in directions of drag and pressure gradient forces at the root of an initial bubble enables its detachment. And, regarding their contributions to the burst of a bubble, the drag force is several times of the pressure gradient forces. Present efforts help to offer a novel view of particle dynamics during the bubbling fluidization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengguo Tian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road, Songjiang District , Shanghai 201620 , China
| | - Shulei Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road, Songjiang District , Shanghai 201620 , China
| | - Zifeng Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road, Songjiang District , Shanghai 201620 , China
| | - Ming Lei
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road, Songjiang District , Shanghai 201620 , China
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6
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Wei L, Gu Y, Wang Y, Lu Y. Multi-fluid Eulerian simulation of fluidization characteristics of mildly-cohesive particles: Cohesive parameter determination and granular flow kinetic model evaluation. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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7
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Bian W, Chen X, Wang J. A critical comparison of two-fluid model, discrete particle method and direct numerical simulation for modeling dense gas-solid flow of rough spheres. Chem Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2019.115233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Guo Q, Ye M, Yang W, Liu Z. A machine learning approach for electrical capacitance tomography measurement of gas–solid fluidized beds. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Guo
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy and National Engineering Laboratory for MTO, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Mao Ye
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy and National Engineering Laboratory for MTO, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian China
| | - Wuqiang Yang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy and National Engineering Laboratory for MTO, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian China
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9
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Effect of Fines Content on Fluidity of FCC Catalysts for Stable Operation of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Effect of fines content (weight % of particles with diameter less than 45 μm) on bed fluidity was determined to get a base for good fluidization quality in the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit. The fines content in equilibrium FCC catalysts (Ecat) from commercial units were controlled by adding or removing the fines to simulate commercial situation. To get the fluidity values (Umb/Umf) of seven different FCC catalysts (2 Ecats and 5 fresh catalysts) and their mixture, minimum fluidization velocity (Umf) and minimum bubbling velocity (Umb) were measured in a fluidized bed reactor (0.05 m ID). The fluidity decreased with loss of fines content and increased with increments of makeup of fresh catalysts or additive with the controlled fines content. The fluidities of catalysts increase with increases of normalized particle diameter variation by the fines addition. The obtained fluidities have been correlated with the fines contents and the catalyst and gas properties. The proposed correlation could guide to keep good catalyst fluidity in the FCC unit.
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Hamidifard S, Bahramian A, Rasteh M. Mesh sensitivity analysis on hydrodynamics behavior of a fluidized bed containing silver oxide nanoparticle agglomerates: Transition from bubbling to slugging and turbulent flow regimes. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Zhou E, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Luo Z, He J, Duan C. Characteristic gas velocity and fluidization quality evaluation of vibrated dense medium fluidized bed for fine coal separation. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2018.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Guo Q, Meng S, Zhao Y, Ma L, Wang D, Ye M, Yang W, Liu Z. Experimental Verification of Solid-like and Fluid-like States in the Homogeneous Fluidization Regime of Geldart A Particles. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b04559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Guo
- Dalian
National Laboratory for Clean Energy and National Engineering Laboratory
for MTO, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuanghe Meng
- Dalian
National Laboratory for Clean Energy and National Engineering Laboratory
for MTO, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yinfeng Zhao
- Dalian
National Laboratory for Clean Energy and National Engineering Laboratory
for MTO, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Likun Ma
- Dalian
National Laboratory for Clean Energy and National Engineering Laboratory
for MTO, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dehu Wang
- Dalian
National Laboratory for Clean Energy and National Engineering Laboratory
for MTO, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Mao Ye
- Dalian
National Laboratory for Clean Energy and National Engineering Laboratory
for MTO, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wuqiang Yang
- School
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Dalian
National Laboratory for Clean Energy and National Engineering Laboratory
for MTO, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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13
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Yang S, Sun Y, Zhang L, Chew JW. Computational Study of the Effect of Draft Plates on the Solid Behavior in a Spout-Fluid Bed. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b02732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiliang Yang
- School
of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Yuhao Sun
- Department
of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, U.K
| | - Liangqi Zhang
- School
of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Jia Wei Chew
- School
of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
- Singapore
Membrane Technology Center, Nanyang Environment and Water Research
Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore
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