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Refined Spherulites of PP Induced by Supercritical N 2 and Graphite Nanosheet and Foaming Performance. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051204. [PMID: 36904446 PMCID: PMC10007225 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The isothermal crystallization properties of polypropylene/graphite nanosheet (PP/GN) nanocomposites under supercritical N2 were systematically studied by a self-made in situ high-pressure microscope system. The results showed that the GN caused irregular lamellar crystals to form within the spherulites due to its effect on heterogeneous nucleation. It was found that the grain growth rate exhibits a decreasing and then increasing trend with the enhancement of N2 pressure. Using the secondary nucleation model, the secondary nucleation rate for spherulites of PP/GN nanocomposites was investigated from an energy perspective. The increase in free energy introduced by the desorbed N2 is the essential reason for the increase in the secondary nucleation rate. The results from the secondary nucleation model were consistent with those acquired through isothermal crystallization experiments, suggesting that the model can accurately predict the grain growth rate of PP/GN nanocomposites under supercritical N2 conditions. Furthermore, these nanocomposites demonstrated good foam behavior under supercritical N2.
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Ge Y, Fang Z, Liu T. Accurate determination of bubble size and expansion ratio for polymer foaming with non-isothermal PBB model based on additional energy conservation. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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3
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Kiran E, Sarver JA, Hassler JC. Solubility and Diffusivity of CO2 and N2 in Polymers and Polymer Swelling, Glass Transition, Melting, and Crystallization at High Pressure. A Critical Review and Perspectives on Experimental Methods, Data, and Modeling. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Li D, Chen Y, Yao S, Zhang H, Hu D, Zhao L. Insight into the Influence of Properties of Poly(Ethylene-co-octene) with Different Chain Structures on Their Cell Morphology and Dimensional Stability Foamed by Supercritical CO 2. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13091494. [PMID: 34066553 PMCID: PMC8125328 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ethylene-co-octene) (POE) elastomers with different copolymer compositions and molecular weight exhibit quite distinctive foaming behaviors and dimensional stability using supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) as a blowing agent. As the octene content decreases from 16.54% to 4.48% with constant melting index of 1, both the melting point and crystallinity of POE increase, due to the increase in fraction of ethylene homo-polymerization segment. the foaming window of POE moves to a narrow higher temperature zone from 20–50 °C to 90–110 °C under 11 Mpa CO2 pressure, and CO2 solubility as well as CO2 desorption rate decrease, so that the average cell diameter becomes larger. POE foams with higher octene content have more serious shrinkage problem due to lower compression modulus, weaker crystal structure and higher CO2 permeability. As POE molecular weight increases at similar octene content, there is little effect on crystallization and CO2 diffusion behavior, the foaming window becomes wider and cell density increases, mainly owing to higher polymer melt strength, the volume shrinkage ratio of their foams is less than 20% because of similar higher polymer modulus. In addition, when the initiate expansion ratio is over 17 times, POE foams with longer and thinner cell wall structures are more prone to shrinkage and recovery during aging process, due to more bending deformation and less compression deformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (D.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (D.H.)
| | - Yichong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (D.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (D.H.)
| | - Shun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (D.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (D.H.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (D.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (D.H.)
| | - Dongdong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (D.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (D.H.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (D.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (D.H.)
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-21-64253175; Fax: +86-21-64253528
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Ge Y, Liu T. Numerical simulation on bubble wall shape evolution and uniformity in poly(ethylene terephthalate) foaming process. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.116213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Yang C, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Xia M, Yan K, Lu J, Wu G. High thermal insulation and compressive strength polypropylene microcellular foams with honeycomb structure. Polym Degrad Stab 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Li B, Ma X, Zhao G, Wang G, Zhang L, Gong J. Green fabrication method of layered and open-cell polylactide foams for oil-sorption via pre-crystallization and supercritical CO2-induced melting. J Supercrit Fluids 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.104854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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8
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WITHDRAWN: Green Fabrication Method of Layered and Open-Cell Polylactide Foams for Oil-Sorption via Pre-Crystallization and Supercritical CO2-Induced Melting. J Supercrit Fluids 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.104845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Yao S, Guo T, Liu T, Xi Z, Xu Z, Zhao L. Good extrusion foaming performance of long‐chain branched
PET
induced by its enhanced crystallization property. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Tianhao Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Tao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Zhenhao Xi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Zhimei Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xinjiang University Urumqi China
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Chen Y, Xia C, Liu T, Hu D, Xu Z, Zhao L. Application of a CO 2 Pressure Swing Saturation Strategy in PP Semi-Solid-State Batch Foaming: Evaluation of Foamability by Experiments and Numerical Simulations. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b06269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yichong Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Chengzhi Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Zhimei Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, P. R. China
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Ge Y, Lu J, Liu T. Analysis of bubble coalescence and determination of the bubble radius for long‐chain branched poly(ethylene terephthalate) melt foaming with a pressure balanced bubble‐growth model. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukai Ge
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai People's Republic of China
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12
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Ge Y, Yao S, Xu M, Gao L, Fang Z, Zhao L, Liu T. Improvement of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Melt-Foamability by Long-Chain Branching with the Combination of Pyromellitic Dianhydride and Triglycidyl Isocyanurate. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b04157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukai Ge
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Shun Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Menlong Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Liang Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Zhiying Fang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, XinJiang University, Urumqi 830046, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
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Chen Y, Wan C, Liu T, Chen Z, Qiao Y, Lu J, Yan J, Zhao L, Esseghir M. Evaluation of LLDPE/LDPE blend foamability by in situ rheological measurements and bubble growth simulations. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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14
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Li B, Zhao G, Wang G, Zhang L, Gong J. Fabrication of high-expansion microcellular PLA foams based on pre-isothermal cold crystallization and supercritical CO2 foaming. Polym Degrad Stab 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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