Protic Quaternary Ammonium Ionic Liquids for Catalytic Conversion of CO2 into Cyclic Carbonates: A Combined Ab Initio and MD Study

Catalytic Performance of CPM-200-In/Mg in the Cycloaddition of CO2 and Epoxides

Crystalline porous materials (CPM)-200-In and CPM-200-In/Mg metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were synthesized by a solvothermal method and were characterized by using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), FT-IR, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), temperature programmed desorption (TPD), TGA, XPS, and SEM-EDS. They were used as heterogeneous catalysts for the cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides and found to be highly efficient toward the cycloaddition reaction at moderate reaction conditions under solvent-free conditions. The catalyst was easily separated by a simple filtration and can be reused up to five consecutive times without any considerable decrease of its initial activity. CPM-200-In/Mg showed excellent catalytic performance in the cycloaddition reaction due to the synergistic role of the acidic sites and basic sites. A plausible reaction mechanism for the CPM-200-In/Mg MOF catalyzed cycloaddition reaction is proposed based on the experimental results and our previously reported DFT (Density Functional Theory) studies.