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Zhang Y, Duan Y, Wu H, Xu H, Pei F, Shi L, Wang J, Yi Q. Ionic-Liquid-Assisted One-Step Construction of Mesoporous Metal-Organic Frameworks. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:2491-2499. [PMID: 36745709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of ionic-mesoporous-metal-organic frameworks (ionic-meso-MOFs) has received considerable interest in the fields of macromolecular adsorption, acid-base catalysis, ionic conductivity, etc.; yet, their synthesis still presents significant difficulties. In this study, functionalized mesoporous MIL-101-ILs (Cr) was facilely constructed via an in situ self-assembly method by using aromatic-anion-functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) as competitive ligands. It has been demonstrated that the inclusion of an aromatic moiety into an IL improves the coordination ability and is advantageous for the anchoring of ILs on Cr3+ via amino-metal coordination. Thus, ionic-meso-MOFs with a specific surface area of 441.9-624.9 cm2/g and an average pore diameter of 5.5 to 8.4 nm were successfully synthesized. Because of the presence of open Lewis acidic metal sites on the MOFs and basic active sites on the ILs, the resulting ionic-meso-MOFs demonstrated both an acid-base cooperative effect and a mesoporous structure, indicating a high potential for acid-base catalysis. This in situ synthesis procedure for ionic mesoporous MOFs offers a simple method for developing and fabricating multifunctional mesoporous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P.R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P.R. China
| | - Haonan Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Hongxue Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Feng Pei
- Hubei Yihua Chemical Technology R&D Co.ltd, Yichang 443208, P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Jiancheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P.R. China
| | - Qun Yi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
- Hubei Yihua Chemical Technology R&D Co.ltd, Yichang 443208, P. R. China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan 030024, China
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Gupta PK, Azzam MA, Saquib M, Hussain MK. A Highly Efficient and Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Disubstituted Imidazoles in Ionic Liquid from Gem-Dibromo Vinylarenes and Amidines. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2061532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maged A. Azzam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Saquib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj (Allahabad), India
| | - Mohd Kamil Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Government Raza P.G. College, Rampur, India (M.J.P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, India)
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3
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Zhang Y, Tan X, Ding W, Wang Y, He H, Yu Z. Tracking the Micro-Heterogeneity and Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions in Hydroxyl-Functionalized Ionic Liquid Solutions: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1891-1899. [PMID: 34236730 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are an important class of media that are usually used in combination with polar solvents to reduce costs and tune their physicochemical properties. In this regard, it is essential to understand the influence of adding solvents on the properties of ILs. In this work, the micro-heterogeneity and H-bonding interactions between a hydroxyl-functionalized IL, [HOEmim][TFSI], and acetonitrile (ACN) were investigated by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and molecular simulations. All studied IL-ACN mixtures were found to deviate from the ideal mixtures. The degree of deviations reaches the maximum at about x(ACN)=0.7 with the presence of both homogeneous clusters of pure IL/ACN and heterogeneous clusters of IL-ACN. With the addition of ACN to IL, the mixtures undergo the transformation from "ACN solvated in [HOEmim][TFSI]" to "[HOEmim][TFSI] solvated in ACN". It is found that the newly formed H-bonding interactions between the IL and ACN is the main factor that contributes to the red shifts of O-H, C2 -H, C4,5 -H, and Calkyl -H of [HOEmim]+ cation, and the blue shifts of C-D, C≡N of ACN, and C-F, S=O of [TFSI]- anion. These in-depth studies on the mixtures of hydroxyl-functionalized IL and acetonitrile would help to understand the micro-heterogeneity and H-bonding interactions of miscible solutions and shed light on exploring their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,Department of Materials Science & Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Xin Tan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Weilu Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yanlei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hongyan He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwu Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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Lee JH, Lee JH. Techno-economic and environmental feasibility of mineral carbonation technology for carbon neutrality: A Perspective. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-021-0840-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Javed MN, Ali Hashmi I, Muhammad S, Bari A, Ghulam Musharraf S, Junaid Mahmood S, Javed S, Imran Ali F, Rafique F, Amjad Ilyas M, Ahmed Waseem W. Ionic liquids containing plant derived benzoate as anions, exhibiting supramolecular polymeric aggregation: Impact of the aggregation on organic catalysis in aqueous medium. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Pablos JL, Tiemblo P, Ellis G, Corrales T. Chloroaluminate Gel Electrolytes Prepared with Copolymers Based on Imidazolium Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvent AlCl 3:Urea. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13071050. [PMID: 33801632 PMCID: PMC8037023 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer gel electrolytes (PGEs) have been prepared with copolymers based on imidazolium ionic liquids and the deep eutectic mixture of AlCl3:urea (uralumina) as liquid electrolyte. The copolymers were synthesized by photopolymerization of vinylpirrolidone or methylmethacrylate with imidazolium bis (trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide (TFSI) ionic liquid monomer and mixed in an increasing range of wt.% with uralumina. The rheology and electrochemical activity of PGEs were highly dependent on the molar ratio of charged groups and copolymer content. Structure of the PGEs was studied by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy and a correlation between interactions polymer/uralumina and changes in speciation of uralumina was established. Despite the low molecular weight of the copolymers, the resulting polymer electrolytes develop elastomeric character associated with the binding ionic species. Although there is room to improve the electrochemical activity, in this study these new gels provide sufficient electroactivity to make them feasible alternatives as electrolytes in secondary aluminum batteries.
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Zhang K, Zhou G, Fang T, Jiang K, Liu X. Structural Reorganization of Ionic Liquid Electrolyte by a Rapid Charge/Discharge Circle. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:2273-2278. [PMID: 33645998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of forming layers near the electrode surface is an important topic for the energy storage with ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes. Here, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to study the behavior of surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) electrolytes near positive electrodes. With the increase of electrode surface charge density, a V-type conformation of the anion [AOT]- for energy storage was shown. The V conformation is easier to replace the latent voids, which is like wedging ions into the layer near the electrodes. Meanwhile, after a rapid charge/discharge circle, there would be more V-type anions appearing in this optimized electrolyte. It is a significant point for the mechanism of nanoscale and microscale energy storage, which provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of efficient IL electrolytes and the design of related experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Guohui Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Timing Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Kun Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
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Li F, Mocci F, Zhang X, Ji X, Laaksonen A. Ionic liquids for CO2 electrochemical reduction. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Zhou G, Jiang K, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Liu X. Insight into the properties and structures of vapor-liquid interface for imidazolium-based ionic liquids by molecular dynamics simulations. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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10
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Jiang K, Zhou G, Fang T, Liu X. Permeability of Vesicles for Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids in Aqueous Solution: A Molecular Dynamic Simulation Study. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c06014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Guohui Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Timing Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
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11
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Influence of ionic liquids microenvironment on the coupling reaction of epoxide and carbon dioxide: DFT and MD. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Tan X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang M, Huo F, He H. Effect of Clusters on [Li] Solvation and Transport in Mixed Organic Compound/Ionic Liquid Electrolytes under External Electric Fields. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 North 2nd Street, Zhongguancun,
Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanlei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 North 2nd Street, Zhongguancun,
Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 North 2nd Street, Zhongguancun,
Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Meichen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 North 2nd Street, Zhongguancun,
Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Feng Huo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 North 2nd Street, Zhongguancun,
Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongyan He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 North 2nd Street, Zhongguancun,
Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
- Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou 450000, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Zhang Y, Wu Z, Wang Y, He H, Yu Z. Excess spectroscopy and its applications in the study of solution chemistry. PURE APPL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2020-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Characterization of structural heterogeneity of liquid solutions and the pursuit of its nature have been challenging tasks to solution chemists. In the last decade, an emerging method called excess spectroscopy has found applications in this area. The method, combining the merits of molecular spectroscopy and excess thermodynamic functions, shows the ability to enhance the apparent resolution of spectra, provides abundant information concerning solution structures and intermolecular interactions. In this review, the thinking and mathematics of the method, as well as its developments, are presented first. Then, research progress related to the exploration of the method is thoroughly reviewed. The materials are classified into two parts, small-molecular solutions and ionic liquid solutions. Finally, potential challenges and the perspective for further development of the method are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process , Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process , Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Yaqian Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , P.R. China
| | - Hongyan He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process , Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Zhiwu Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , P.R. China
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Zhou Y, Gong S, Xu X, Yu Z, Kiefer J, Wang Z. The interactions between polar solvents (methanol, acetonitrile, dimethylsulfoxide) and the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Zhou Y, Xu X, Wang Z, Gong S, Chen H, Yu Z, Kiefer J. The effect of introducing an ether group into an imidazolium-based ionic liquid in binary mixtures with DMSO. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:15734-15742. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01568g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Combined DFT and FTIR investigations reveal interesting hydrogen bonding interactions between dimethyl sulfoxide and an ether-functionalized imidazolium-based ionic liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qingdao University
- Qingdao 266071
- China
| | - Xianzhen Xu
- Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qingdao University
- Qingdao 266071
- China
| | - Zonghua Wang
- Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qingdao University
- Qingdao 266071
- China
| | - Shida Gong
- Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qingdao University
- Qingdao 266071
- China
| | - Hong Chen
- Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qingdao University
- Qingdao 266071
- China
| | - Zhiwu Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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Li J, Han Y, Ji T, Wu N, Lin H, Jiang J, Zhu J. Porous Metallosalen Hypercrosslinked Ionic Polymers for Cooperative CO2 Cycloaddition Conversion. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b05304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Intelligent Composites Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yulan Han
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Tuo Ji
- Intelligent Composites Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Nanhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
- Energy Engineering, Division of Energy Science, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Han Lin
- Intelligent Composites Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Jun Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jiahua Zhu
- Intelligent Composites Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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