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Song S, Liu X, Li C, Li Z, Zhang S, Wu W, Shi B, Kang Q, Wu H, Gong J. Dynamic Simulator for Three-Phase Gravity Separators in Oil Production Facilities. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:6078-6089. [PMID: 36816666 PMCID: PMC9933197 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a dynamic simulator for three-phase gravity separators in oil production facilities is proposed. The mass conservation equation is established to calculate the pressure, water level, and oil level in the separator and the mass balance equation of the dispersed phase to calculate the oil-water separation efficiency. The proportional integral controllers are applied to control the water level, oil level, and pressure in the separator by setting the opening of the three outlet valves of oil, gas, and water. The model is verified using field data by means of the given valve opening and given proportional integral controller parameters, respectively. Subsequently, the verified simulator is applied to study the dynamic behavior of the separator filling process and the effect of pressure, oil level, and water level setpoint changes on the separator operating status. A detailed analysis of the changes in the liquid level, pressure, and opening of three outlet valves is presented. Then, the effects of operating conditions such as the inlet flow, water setpoint, and weir height on the separation efficiency are discussed. This simulator can be applied for the design of oil, gas, and water three-phase separation processes. In addition, through this simulator, the parameters that are difficult to be measured by instruments during the operation of the separator can be calculated, providing technical support for the construction of the digital twin of the separator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangfei Song
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Urban Oil and Gas Distribution Technology / National
Engineering Research Center of Oil and Gas Pipeline Transportation
Safety/ MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Changping, Beijing102249, China
| | - Xuanzhang Liu
- CCCC
Second Harbor Consultants Co.,Ltd. Wuhan, Hubei430060, China
| | - Chenxuan Li
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Urban Oil and Gas Distribution Technology / National
Engineering Research Center of Oil and Gas Pipeline Transportation
Safety/ MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Changping, Beijing102249, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Xi’an
Jiaotong University the College of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an, Shaanxi710049, China
| | - Shijia Zhang
- CNOOC
EnerTech Equipment Technology Research & Design Center, Tianjin300452, China
| | - Wei Wu
- CNOOC
EnerTech Equipment Technology Research & Design Center, Tianjin300452, China
| | - Bohui Shi
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Urban Oil and Gas Distribution Technology / National
Engineering Research Center of Oil and Gas Pipeline Transportation
Safety/ MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Changping, Beijing102249, China
| | - Qi Kang
- Research
Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen518057, China
| | - Haihao Wu
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Urban Oil and Gas Distribution Technology / National
Engineering Research Center of Oil and Gas Pipeline Transportation
Safety/ MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Changping, Beijing102249, China
| | - Jing Gong
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Urban Oil and Gas Distribution Technology / National
Engineering Research Center of Oil and Gas Pipeline Transportation
Safety/ MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Changping, Beijing102249, China
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Wang C, Lü Y, Song C, Zhang D, Rong F, He L. Separation of emulsified crude oil from produced water by gas flotation: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157304. [PMID: 35839883 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development and production of oil and gas fields would eventually result in a considerable amount of oily generated water, posing serious risks to humans and the environment. Nowadays, the oil concentration in the drainage stream of the produced water is strictly regulated, and many countries have established strict emission standards. As an indispensable oily wastewater treatment technology, flotation technology has attracted much attention because of its maturity, economy, practicality, and relative efficiency. Firstly, this paper summarizes and compares flotation techniques, such as dissolved gas flotation, induced gas flotation, electroflotation, and compact flotation units widely used in produced water treatment offshore in recent years. Considering the complexity of the mechanism of oil removal by air flotation, the mechanism of the oil droplet-bubble interaction is further discussed. The effects of flocculant, PH, and salinity on the oil droplet-bubble interaction in the flotation process were summarized from the perspective of the microscopic colloidal interface, which has a specific guiding role in improving the oil removal efficiency in the gas flotation process. Finally, the research status of produced water treatment by air flotation is summarized, and the feasible research direction is put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Wang
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Shandong, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Yuling Lü
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Shandong, Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Chao Song
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Shandong, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Dechong Zhang
- Xianhe Oil Production Plant, Shengli Oilfield Company, Sinopec, Shandong, Dongying 257000, China
| | - Feng Rong
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Shandong, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Limin He
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Shandong, Qingdao 266580, China
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Performance Comparison of Control Strategies for Plant-Wide Produced Water Treatment. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15020418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Offshore produced water treatment (PWT) accounts for cleaning the largest waste stream in the offshore oil and gas industry. If this separation process is not properly executed, large amounts of oil are often directly discharged into the ocean. This work extends two grey-box models of a three-phase gravity separator and a deoiling hydrocyclone, and combines them into a single plant-wide model for testing PWT control solutions in a typical process configuration. In simulations, three known control solutions—proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control, H∞ control, and model predictive control (MPC)—are compared on the combined model to evaluate the separation performance. The results of the simulations clearly show what performance metrics each controller excels at, such as valve wear, oil discharge, oil-in-water (OiW) concentration variance, and constraint violations. The work incentivizes future control to be based on operational policy, such as defining boundary constraints and weights on oil discharge, rather than maintaining conventional intermediate performance metrics, such as water level in the separation and pressure drop ratio (PDR) over the hydrocyclone.
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Luo Q, Xu R, Wang K, He J, Liu C, Wu P, Jiang W. Continuous separation of oil/water mixture by a double-layer corrugated channel structure with superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Control-Oriented Modeling and Experimental Validation of a Deoiling Hydrocyclone System. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8091010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the treated water from offshore oil and gas production is discharged to the surrounding sea, there is an incentive to improve the performance of the offshore produced water treatment, to reduce the environmental pollutants to the sea. Regulations determine both the maximum allowed oil concentration and the total annual quantity. It is reasonable to assume that when better separation equipment or methods are developed, the regulation will become more strict, and force other producers to follow the trend towards zero harmful discharge. This paper develops and validates a hydrocyclone model to be used as a test-bed for improved control designs. The modeling methodology uses a combination of first-principles to define model structure and data-driven parameter identification. To evaluate and validate the separation performance, real-time fluorescence-based oil-in-water (OiW) concentration monitors, with dual redundancy, are installed and used on sidestreams of a modified pilot plant. The installed monitors measure the inlet and outlet OiW concentration of the tested hydrocyclone. The proposed control-oriented hydrocyclone model proved to be a reasonable candidate for predicting the hydrocyclone separation performance.
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