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Luong XH, Pham NNT, An KL, Lee SU, Kim SS, Park JS, Lee SG. Near-Infrared Absorption Properties of Neutral Bis(1,2-dithiolene) Platinum(II) Complexes Using Density Functional Theory. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:1704. [PMID: 35630926 PMCID: PMC9144374 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Small metal complexes are highly interesting for bioimaging because of their excellent near-infrared (NIR) absorption properties. In this study, neutral complexes of platinum(II) connected to two monoreduced 1,3-diisopropylimidazoline-2,4,5-trithione ligands-namely, [Pt(iPr2timdt)2]-were investigated. Theoretical studies using the density functional theory (DFT) and GW-BSE approximation verified the effects of the geometry of the isopropyl moieties on the NIR absorption spectra. The calculated absorption spectra showed excellent correspondence with the experimental results. The geometry of the isopropyl groups considerably influenced the electronic structures of the metal complexes, which altered the absorption profiles of the respective geometries, as demonstrated in this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Hoang Luong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Nguyet N. T. Pham
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea;
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 721337, Vietnam
| | - Kyoung-Lyong An
- NANOCMS Co., Ltd., 48, 4sandan 4-ro, Jiksan-eup, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si 31040, Korea; (K.-L.A.); (S.U.L.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Seong Uk Lee
- NANOCMS Co., Ltd., 48, 4sandan 4-ro, Jiksan-eup, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si 31040, Korea; (K.-L.A.); (S.U.L.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Shi Surk Kim
- NANOCMS Co., Ltd., 48, 4sandan 4-ro, Jiksan-eup, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si 31040, Korea; (K.-L.A.); (S.U.L.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Jong S. Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea;
- Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Seung Geol Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea;
- Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
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Pintus A, Arca M. 1,2-Diselenolene ligands and related metal complexes: Design, synthesis and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Aragoni MC, Arca M, Binda M, Caltagirone C, Lippolis V, Natali D, Podda E, Sampietro M, Pintus A. Platinum diimine-dithiolate complexes as a new class of photoconducting compounds for pristine photodetectors: case study on [Pt(bipy)(Naph-edt)] (bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine; Naph-edt 2- = 2-naphthylethylene-1,2-dithiolate). Dalton Trans 2021; 50:7527-7531. [PMID: 34037042 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01288f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The photoconducting properties of platinum diimine-dithiolate complex [Pt(bipy)(Naph-edt)] (1; bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine; Naph-edt2- = 2-naphthylethylene-1,2-dithiolate) were investigated. DFT calculations on a model assembly with four complex units suggest that the high external quantum efficency measured on a prototype photodetector correlates with the intermolecular character of electronic excitations in the visible region.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carla Aragoni
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Arca
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
| | - Maddalena Binda
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Claudia Caltagirone
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
| | - Vito Lippolis
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
| | - Dario Natali
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy and Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Via Ponzio 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Podda
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
| | - Marco Sampietro
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy and Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Via Ponzio 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Pintus
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
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Garau A, Picci G, Arca M, Blake AJ, Caltagirone C, Filippo GD, Demartin F, Isaia F, Lippolis V, Pintus A, Scorciapino MA, Aragoni MC. Can Serendipity Still Hold Any Surprises in the Coordination Chemistry of Mixed-Donor Macrocyclic Ligands? The Case Study of Pyridine-Containing 12-Membered Macrocycles and Platinum Group Metal Ions Pd II, Pt II, and Rh III. Molecules 2021; 26:1286. [PMID: 33673411 PMCID: PMC7956204 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the coordination chemistry of the tetradentate pyridine-containing 12-membered macrocycles L1-L3 towards Platinum Group metal ions PdII, PtII, and RhIII. The reactions between the chloride salts of these metal ions and the three ligands in MeCN/H2O or MeOH/H2O (1:1 v/v) are shown, and the isolated solid compounds are characterized, where possible, by mass spectroscopy and 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopic measurements. Structural characterization of the 1:1 metal-to-ligand complexes [Pd(L1)Cl]2[Pd2Cl6], [Pt(L1)Cl](BF4), [Rh(L1)Cl2](PF6), and [Rh(L3)Cl2](BF4)·MeCN shows the coordinated macrocyclic ligands adopting a folded conformation, and occupying four coordination sites of a distorted square-based pyramidal and octahedral coordination environment for the PdII/PtII, and RhIII complexes, respectively. The remaining coordination site(s) are occupied by chlorido ligands. The reaction of L3 with PtCl2 in MeCN/H2O gave by serendipity the complex [Pt(L3)(m-1,3-MeCONH)PtCl(MeCN)](BF4)2·H2O, in which two metal centers are bridged by an amidate ligand at a Pt1-Pt2 distance of 2.5798(3) Å and feature one square-planar and one octahedral coordination environment. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, which utilize the broken symmetry approach (DFT-BS), indicate a singlet d8-d8 PtII-PtII ground-state nature for this compound, rather than the alleged d9-d7 PtI-PtIII mixed-valence character reported for related dinuclear Pt-complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Garau
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (M.A.); (C.C.); (G.D.F.); (F.I.); (A.P.); (M.A.S.); (M.C.A.)
| | - Giacomo Picci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (M.A.); (C.C.); (G.D.F.); (F.I.); (A.P.); (M.A.S.); (M.C.A.)
| | - Massimiliano Arca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (M.A.); (C.C.); (G.D.F.); (F.I.); (A.P.); (M.A.S.); (M.C.A.)
| | - Alexander J. Blake
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Claudia Caltagirone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (M.A.); (C.C.); (G.D.F.); (F.I.); (A.P.); (M.A.S.); (M.C.A.)
| | - Greta De Filippo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (M.A.); (C.C.); (G.D.F.); (F.I.); (A.P.); (M.A.S.); (M.C.A.)
| | - Francesco Demartin
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Francesco Isaia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (M.A.); (C.C.); (G.D.F.); (F.I.); (A.P.); (M.A.S.); (M.C.A.)
| | - Vito Lippolis
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (M.A.); (C.C.); (G.D.F.); (F.I.); (A.P.); (M.A.S.); (M.C.A.)
| | - Anna Pintus
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (M.A.); (C.C.); (G.D.F.); (F.I.); (A.P.); (M.A.S.); (M.C.A.)
| | - M. Andrea Scorciapino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (M.A.); (C.C.); (G.D.F.); (F.I.); (A.P.); (M.A.S.); (M.C.A.)
| | - M. Carla Aragoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (M.A.); (C.C.); (G.D.F.); (F.I.); (A.P.); (M.A.S.); (M.C.A.)
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Aragoni MC, Caltagirone C, Lippolis V, Podda E, Slawin AMZ, Woollins JD, Pintus A, Arca M. Diradical Character of Neutral Heteroleptic Bis(1,2-dithiolene) Metal Complexes: Case Study of [Pd(Me 2timdt)(mnt)] (Me 2timdt = 1,3-Dimethyl-2,4,5-trithioxoimidazolidine; mnt 2- = 1,2-Dicyano-1,2-ethylenedithiolate). Inorg Chem 2020; 59:17385-17401. [PMID: 33185438 PMCID: PMC7735710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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The reaction of the bis(1,2-dithiolene)
complex [Pd(Me2timdt)2] (1; Me2timdt•– = monoreduced 1,3-dimethyl-2,4,5-trithioxoimidazolidine)
with Br2 yielded the complex [Pd(Me2timdt)Br2] (2), which was reacted with Na2mnt
(mnt2– = 1,2-dicyano-1,2-ethylenedithiolate) to
give the
neutral mixed-ligand complex [Pd(Me2timdt)(mnt)] (3). Complex 3 shows an intense solvatochromic
near-infrared (NIR) absorption band falling between 955 nm in DMF
and 1060 nm in CHCl3 (ε = 10700 M–1 cm–1 in CHCl3). DFT calculations were
used to elucidate the electronic structure of complex 3 and to compare it with those of the corresponding homoleptic complexes 1 and [Pd(mnt)2] (4). An in-depth
comparison of calculated and experimental structural and vis–NIR
spectroscopic properties, supported by IEF-PCM TD-DFT and NBO calculations,
clearly points to a description of 3 as a dithione-dithiolato
complex. For the first time, a broken-symmetry (BS) procedure for
the evaluation of the singlet diradical character (DC) of heteroleptic
bis(1,2-dithiolene) complexes has been developed and applied to complex 3. The DC, predominant for 1 (nDC = 55.4%), provides a remarkable contribution
to the electronic structures of the ground states of both 3 and 4, showing a diradicaloid nature (nDC = 24.9% and 27.5%, respectively). The computational
approach developed here clearly shows that a rational design of the
DC of bis(1,2-ditiolene) metal complexes, and hence their linear and
nonlinear optical properties, can be achieved by a proper choice of
the 1,2-dithiolene ligands based on their electronic structure. The reaction of [Pd(Me2timdt)2] (1; Me2timdt•− = monoreduced
1,3-dimethyl-2,4,5-trithioxoimidazolidine) with Br2 yielded
[Pd(Me2timdt)Br2] (2), which was
reacted with Na2mnt (mnt2− = 1,2-dicyano-1,2-ethylenedithiolate)
to give [Pd(Me2timdt)(mnt)] (3), showing an
intense solvatochromic near-infrared (NIR) absorption band. The singlet
diradical character (DC), predominant for 1, provides
a remarkable contribution to the ground states of 3 and 4. A rational design of the DC of bis(1,2-dithiolene) complexes
can be achieved by a proper choice of the 1,2-dithiolene ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carla Aragoni
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Claudia Caltagirone
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Vito Lippolis
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Enrico Podda
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haughs, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - J Derek Woollins
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haughs, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K.,Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anna Pintus
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Massimiliano Arca
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
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