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Fiaccabrino D, Masvikeni T, Jaraquemada-Peláez MDG, Orvig C, Schaffer P. H 3trica: Versatile Macrocyclic Chelator for [ 225Ac]Ac 3+ and [ 155/161Tb]Tb 3+ Theranostics. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:13911-13923. [PMID: 39013439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
H3trica is a nonadentate chelating ligand intended for coordinating large radiometal ions, such as those used in nuclear medicine. This chelator, featuring a triaza-18-crown-6 macrocycle with three pendant carboxylic acid functional groups, was synthesized and characterized. Complementary nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high-resolution electrospray-ionization mass spectroscopy (HR-ESI-MS) studies were used to explore the coordination of H3trica with metal ions such as La3+, Y3+ (as a model for Tb3+), and Lu3+ at the bulk scale. Thermodynamic solution studies provided valuable insights, highlighting robust metal complexation of H3trica with La3+, Tb3+, and Lu3+, with the most noteworthy log KML value observed for Tb3+ (log KTbL = 17.08), followed by La3+ (log KLaL = 16.64) and Lu3+ (log KLuL = 16.25). Concentration-dependent radiolabeling studies with [225Ac]Ac3+, [155Tb]Tb3+, and [161Tb]Tb3+ demonstrated rapid complexation (5-30 min) under mild conditions (pH 6-7, 25 °C). Importantly, the radiolabeled complexes exhibited stability during incubation in human serum for one-half-life of the corresponding radiometal. Thus, H3trica emerges as a valuable chelator, demonstrating its potential to coordinate the theranostic couple [225Ac]Ac3+/[155Tb]Tb3+ as well as the powerful terbium quartet ([149/152/155/161Tb]Tb3+) with efficiency and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Fiaccabrino
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia ,V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia ,V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Tinotenda Masvikeni
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia ,V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | | | - Chris Orvig
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia ,V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Paul Schaffer
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia ,V6T 2A3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby ,British Columbia,V5A 1S6, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia ,V5Z 1M9, Canada
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2
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Wang R, Jin W, Luo Y, Hong H, Zhao R, Li L, Yan L, Qiao J, Ploessl K, Zhu L, Kung HF. Novel [ 68Ga/ 177Lu]Ga/Lu-AZ-093 as PSMA-Targeting Agent for Diagnosis and Radiotherapy. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:3256-3267. [PMID: 38856975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) overexpressed in prostate cancer cells can serve as a target for imaging and radioligand therapy (RLT). Previously, [68Ga]Ga-P16-093, containing a Ga(III) chelator, N,N'-bis[2-hydroxy-5-(carboxyethyl)benzyl]ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid (HBED-CC), displayed excellent PSMA-targeting properties and showed a high tumor uptake and retention useful for diagnosis in prostate cancer patients. Recently, [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 has been approved by the U.S. food and drug administration (FDA) for the treatment of prostate cancer patients. Derivatives of PSMA-093 using AAZTA (6-amino-6-methylperhydro-1,4-diazepinetetraacetic acid), as the chelator, were designed as alternative agents forming complexes with both diagnostic and therapeutic radiometals, such as gallium-68 (log K = 22.18) or lutetium-177 (log K = 21.85). The aim of this study is to evaluate AAZTA-Gly-O-(methylcarboxy)-Tyr-Phe-Lys-NH-CO-NH-Glu (designated as AZ-093, 1) leading to a gallium-68/lutetium-177 theranostic pair as potential PSMA targeting agents. Synthesis of the desired precursor, AZ-093, 1, was effectively accomplished. Labeling with either [68Ga]GaCl3 or [177Lu]LuCl3 in a sodium acetate buffer solution (pH 4-5) at 50 °C in 5 to 15 min produced either [68Ga]Ga-1 or [177Lu]Lu-1 with high yields and excellent radiochemical purities. Results of in vitro binding studies, cell uptake, and retention (using PSMA-positive prostate carcinoma cells line, 22Rv1-FOLH1-oe) were comparable to that of [68Ga]Ga-P16-093 and [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617, respectively. Specific cellular uptake was determined with or without the competitive blocking agent (2 μM of "cold" PSMA-11). Cellular binding and internalization showed a time-dependent increase over 2 h at 37 °C in the PSMA-positive cells. The cell uptakes were completely blocked by the "cold" PSMA-11 suggesting that they are competing for the same PSMA binding sites. In the mouse model with implanted PSMA-positive tumor cells, both [68Ga]Ga-1 and [177Lu]Lu-1 displayed excellent uptake and retention in the tumor. Results indicate that [68Ga]Ga/[177Lu]Lu-1 (68Ga]Ga/[177Lu]Lu-AZ-093) is potentially useful as PSMA-targeting agent for both diagnosis and radiotherapy of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Wenbin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Hong
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Ruiyue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Li Yan
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Jinping Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Karl Ploessl
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Five Eleven Pharma Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Lin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Hank F Kung
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Five Eleven Pharma Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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3
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Carbo-Bague I, Li C, McNeil BL, Gao Y, McDonagh AW, Van de Voorde M, Ooms M, Kunz P, Yang H, Radchenko V, Schreckenbach G, Ramogida CF. Comparative Study of a Decadentate Acyclic Chelate, HOPO-O 10, and Its Octadentate Analogue, HOPO-O 8, for Radiopharmaceutical Applications. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:20549-20566. [PMID: 36608341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Radiolanthanides and actinides are aptly suited for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer via nuclear medicine because they possess unique chemical and physical properties (e.g., radioactive decay emissions). These rare radiometals have recently shown the potential to selectively deliver a radiation payload to cancer cells. However, their clinical success is highly dependent on finding a suitable ligand for stable chelation and conjugation to a disease-targeting vector. Currently, the commercially available chelates exploited in the radiopharmaceutical design do not fulfill all of the requirements for nuclear medicine applications, and there is a need to further explore their chemistry to rationally design highly specific chelates. Herein, we describe the rational design and chemical development of a novel decadentate acyclic chelate containing five 1,2-hydroxypyridinones, 3,4,3,3-(LI-1,2-HOPO), referred to herein as HOPO-O10, based on the well-known octadentate ligand 3,4,3-(LI-1,2-HOPO), referred to herein as HOPO-O8, a highly efficient chelator for 89Zr[Zr4+]. Analysis by 1H NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry of the La3+ and Tb3+ complexes revealed that HOPO-O10 forms bimetallic complexes compared to HOPO-O8, which only forms monometallic species. The radiolabeling properties of both chelates were screened with [135La]La3+, [155/161Tb]Tb3+, [225Ac]Ac3+ and, [227Th]Th4+. Comparable high specific activity was observed for the [155/161Tb]Tb3+ complexes, outperforming the gold-standard 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid, yet HOPO-O10 surpassed HOPO-O8 with higher [227Th]Th4+ affinity and improved complex stability in a human serum challenge assay. A comprehensive analysis of the decadentate and octadentate chelates was performed with density functional theory for the La3+, Ac3+, Eu3+, Tb3+, Lu3+, and Th4+ complexes. The computational simulations demonstrated the enhanced stability of Th4+-HOPO-O10 over Th4+-HOPO-O8. This investigation reveals the potential of HOPO-O10 for the stable chelation of large tetravalent radioactinides for nuclear medicine applications and provides insight for further chelate development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imma Carbo-Bague
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British ColumbiaV5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Cen Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, ManitobaR3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Brooke L McNeil
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British ColumbiaV5A 1S6, Canada
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, ManitobaR3T 2N2, Canada
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan610054, China
| | - Anthony W McDonagh
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British ColumbiaV5A 1S6, Canada
| | | | - Maarten Ooms
- NURA Research Group, Belgian Nuclear Research Center, SCK CEN, 2400Mol, Belgium
| | - Peter Kunz
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British ColumbiaV5A 1S6, Canada
- Accelerator Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British ColumbiaV5A 1S6, Canada
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Valery Radchenko
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 2A3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Georg Schreckenbach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, ManitobaR3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Caterina F Ramogida
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British ColumbiaV5A 1S6, Canada
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 2A3, Canada
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4
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Wharton L, Yang H, Jaraquemada-Peláez MDG, Merkens H, Engudar G, Ingham A, Koniar H, Radchenko V, Kunz P, Schaffer P, Bénard F, Orvig C. Rearmed Bifunctional Chelating Ligand for 225Ac/ 155Tb Precision-Guided Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals─H 4noneunpaX. J Med Chem 2023; 66:13705-13730. [PMID: 37738446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Superior bifunctional chelating ligands, which can sequester both α-emitting radionuclides (225Ac, 213Bi) and their diagnostic companions (155Tb, 111In), remain a formidable challenge to translating targeted alpha therapy, with complementary diagnostic imaging, to the clinic. H4noneupaX, a chelating ligand with an unusual diametrically opposed arrangement of pendant donor groups, has been developed to this end. H4noneunpaX preferentially complexes Ln3+ and An3+ ions, forming thermodynamically stable (pLa = 17.8, pLu = 21.3) and kinetically inert complexes─single isomeric species by nuclear magnetic resonance and density functional theory. Metal binding versatility demonstrated in radiolabeling [111In]In3+, [155Tb]Tb3+, [177Lu]Lu3+, and [225Ac]Ac3+ achieved high molar activities under mild conditions. Efficient, scalable synthesis enabled in vivo evaluation of bifunctional H4noneunpaX conjugated to two octreotate peptides targeting neuroendocrine tumors. Single photon emission computed tomography/CT and biodistribution studies of 155Tb-radiotracers in AR42J tumor-bearing mice showed excellent image contrast, good tumor uptake, and high in vivo stability. H4noneunpaX shows significant potential for theranostic applications involving 225Ac/155Tb or 177Lu/155Tb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Wharton
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Hua Yang
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - María de Guadalupe Jaraquemada-Peláez
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Molecular Oncology Group, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre (BCCRC), Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Helen Merkens
- Molecular Oncology Group, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre (BCCRC), Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Gokce Engudar
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Aidan Ingham
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Helena Koniar
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Valery Radchenko
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Peter Kunz
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Paul Schaffer
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - François Bénard
- Molecular Oncology Group, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre (BCCRC), Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Chris Orvig
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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5
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Rubira L, Deshayes E, Santoro L, Kotzki PO, Fersing C. 225Ac-Labeled Somatostatin Analogs in the Management of Neuroendocrine Tumors: From Radiochemistry to Clinic. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041051. [PMID: 37111537 PMCID: PMC10146019 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) represents a major therapeutic breakthrough in nuclear medicine, particularly since the introduction of 177Lu-radiolabeled somatostatin analogs. These radiopharmaceuticals have especially improved progression-free survival and quality of life in patients with inoperable metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors expressing somatostatin receptors. In the case of aggressive or resistant disease, the use of somatostatin derivatives radiolabeled with an alpha-emitter could provide a promising alternative. Among the currently available alpha-emitting radioelements, actinium-225 has emerged as the most suitable candidate, especially regarding its physical and radiochemical properties. Nevertheless, preclinical and clinical studies on these radiopharmaceuticals are still few and heterogeneous, despite the growing momentum for their future use on a larger scale. In this context, this report provides a comprehensive and extensive overview of the development of 225Ac-labeled somatostatin analogs; particular emphasis is placed on the challenges associated with the production of 225Ac, its physical and radiochemical properties, as well as the place of 225Ac-DOTATOC and 225Ac-DOTATATE in the management of patients with advanced metastatic neuroendocrine tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Rubira
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), University Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuel Deshayes
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), University Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, University Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Lore Santoro
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), University Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, University Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Olivier Kotzki
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), University Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, University Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Cyril Fersing
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), University Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
- IBMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293 Montpellier, France
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Wharton L, Jaraquemada-Peláez MDG, Zhang C, Zeisler J, Rodríguez-Rodríguez C, Osooly M, Radchenko V, Yang H, Lin KS, Bénard F, Schaffer P, Orvig C. H 4picoopa─Robust Chelate for 225Ac/ 111In Theranostics. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:1900-1921. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luke Wharton
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
| | | | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Jutta Zeisler
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agronomy Road, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Maryam Osooly
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Valery Radchenko
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hua Yang
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Kuo-Shyan Lin
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - François Bénard
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Paul Schaffer
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Chris Orvig
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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7
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Rigby A, Firth G, Rivas C, Pham T, Kim J, Phanopoulos A, Wharton L, Ingham A, Li L, Ma MT, Orvig C, Blower PJ, Terry SY, Abbate V. Toward Bifunctional Chelators for Thallium-201 for Use in Nuclear Medicine. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:1422-1436. [PMID: 35801668 PMCID: PMC9305974 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Auger electron therapy exploits the cytotoxicity of low-energy electrons emitted during radioactive decay that travel very short distances (typically <1 μm). 201Tl, with a half-life of 73 h, emits ∼37 Auger and other secondary electrons per decay and can be tracked in vivo as its gamma emissions enable SPECT imaging. Despite the useful nuclear properties of 201Tl, satisfactory bifunctional chelators to incorporate it into bioconjugates for molecular targeting have not been developed. H4pypa, H5decapa, H4neunpa-NH2, and H4noneunpa are multidentate N- and O-donor chelators that have previously been shown to have high affinity for 111In, 177Lu, and 89Zr. Herein, we report the synthesis and serum stability of [nat/201Tl]Tl3+ complexes with H4pypa, H5decapa, H4neunpa-NH2, and H4noneunpa. All ligands quickly and efficiently formed complexes with [201Tl]Tl3+ that gave simple single-peak radiochromatograms and showed greatly improved serum stability compared to DOTA and DTPA. [natTl]Tl-pypa was further characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), mass spectroscopy (MS), and X-ray crystallography, showing evidence of the proton-dependent presence of a nine-coordinate complex and an eight-coordinate complex with a pendant carboxylic acid group. A prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting bioconjugate of H4pypa was synthesized and radiolabeled. The uptake of [201Tl]Tl-pypa-PSMA in DU145 PSMA-positive and PSMA-negative prostate cancer cells was evaluated in vitro and showed evidence of bioreductive release of 201Tl and cellular uptake characteristic of unchelated [201Tl]TlCl. SPECT/CT imaging was used to probe the in vivo biodistribution and stability of [201Tl]Tl-pypa-PSMA. In healthy animals, [201Tl]Tl-pypa-PSMA did not show the myocardial uptake that is characteristic of unchelated 201Tl. In mice bearing DU145 PSMA-positive and PSMA-negative prostate cancer xenografts, the uptake of [201Tl]Tl-pypa-PSMA in DU145 PSMA-positive tumors was higher than that in DU145 PSMA-negative tumors but insufficient for useful tumor targeting. We conclude that H4pypa and related ligands represent an advance compared to conventional radiometal chelators such as DOTA and DTPA for Tl3+ chelation but do not resist dissociation for long periods in the biological environment due to vulnerability to reduction of Tl3+ and subsequent release of Tl+. However, this is the first report describing the incorporation of [201Tl]Tl3+ into a chelator-peptide bioconjugate and represents a significant advance in the field of 201Tl-based radiopharmaceuticals. The design of the next generation of chelators must include features to mitigate this susceptibility to bioreduction, which does not arise for other trivalent heavy radiometals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Rigby
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - George Firth
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Rivas
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Truc Pham
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Jana Kim
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Phanopoulos
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Luke Wharton
- Medicinal
Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Life
Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Aidan Ingham
- Medicinal
Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Life
Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Lily Li
- Medicinal
Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Life
Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Michelle T Ma
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Orvig
- Medicinal
Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Philip J. Blower
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Samantha Y.A. Terry
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Vincenzo Abbate
- School
of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
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Trastuzumab-conjugated oxine-based ligand for [ 89Zr]Zr 4+ immunoPET. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 235:111936. [PMID: 35878576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A new, bifunctional chelating ligand for immuno-Positron Emission Tomography (PET) was designed, synthesized, and conjugated to Trastuzumab for a proof-of-concept study with 89Zr. H4neunox was synthesized from the tris(2-aminoethyl)amine backbone, decorated with 8-hydroxyquinoline moieties, and utilizes a primary amine for functionalization. A maleimide moiety extends the chelator to create H4neunox-mal for antibody conjugation via maleimide-thiol click chemistry. Preliminary 89Zr radiolabeling of H4neunox indicated quantitative radiolabeling at 1 × 10-5 M, but improved inertness towards human serum (96% intact at 7 d) and Fe3+ (92% intact at 24 h) compared to the previously synthesized H5decaox. The chelator was successfully conjugated to the monoclonal antibody, Trastuzumab, and used in preliminary radiolabeling reactions (37 °C, 2 h) with 89Zr. Radiochemical assessments of the new H4neunox-Trastuzumab conjugate include 89Zr radiolabeling, spin filter purification, cell-binding immunoreactivity, and in vivo PET imaging and biodistribution in SKOV-3 tumour bearing nude mice, performed in comparison with the desferrioxamine B analog, DFO-Trastuzumab. The [89Zr]Zr(neunox-Trastuzumab) showed lowered inertness towards serum (76% intact at 24 h) as well as demetallation in vivo through bone uptake (21% ID/g) in PET imaging and biodistribution studies when compared to [89Zr]Zr(DFO-Trastuzumab). Although the combination of the chelator and antibody had detrimental effects on their intended purposes, nonetheless, the primary amine platform of H4neunox developed here provides an oxine-based bifunctional ligand for further derivatizations with other targeting vectors.
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Wharton L, Zhang C, Yang H, Zeisler J, Radchenko V, Rodríguez-Rodríguez C, Osooly M, Patrick BO, Lin KS, Bénard F, Schaffer P, Orvig C. [ 213Bi]Bi 3+/[ 111In]In 3+-neunpa-cycMSH: Theranostic Radiopharmaceutical Targeting Melanoma─Structural, Radiochemical, and Biological Evaluation. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:505-522. [PMID: 35239331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
With the emergence of [225Ac]Ac3+ as a therapeutic radionuclide for targeted α therapy (TAT), access to clinical quantities of the potent, short-lived α-emitter [213Bi]Bi3+ (t1/2 = 45.6 min) will increase over the next decade. With this in mind, the nonadentate chelator, H4neunpa-NH2, has been investigated as a ligand for chelation of [213Bi]Bi3+ in combination with [111In]In3+ as a suitable radionuclidic pair for TAT and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) diagnostics. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was utilized to assess the coordination characteristics of H4neunpa-NH2 on complexation of [natBi]Bi3+, while the solid-state structure of [natBi][Bi(neunpa-NH3)] was characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to elucidate the conformational geometries of the metal complex in solution. H4neunpa-NH2 exhibited fast complexation kinetics with [213Bi]Bi3+ at RT achieving quantitative radiolabeling within 5 min at 10-8 M ligand concentration, which was accompanied by the formation of a kinetically inert complex. Two bioconjugates incorporating the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) targeting peptide Nle-CycMSHhex were synthesized featuring two different covalent linkers for in vivo evaluation with [213Bi]Bi3+ and [111In]In3+. High molar activities of 7.47 and 21.0 GBq/μmol were achieved for each of the bioconjugates with [213Bi]Bi3+. SPECT/CT scans of the [111In]In3+-labeled tracer showed accumulation in the tumor over time, which was accompanied by high liver uptake and clearance via the hepatic pathway due to the high lipophilicity of the covalent linker. In vivo biodistribution studies in C57Bl/6J mice bearing B16-F10 tumor xenografts showed good tumor uptake (5.91% ID/g) at 1 h post-administration with [213Bi][Bi(neunpa-Ph-Pip-Nle-CycMSHhex)]. This study demonstrates H4neunpa-NH2 to be an effective chelating ligand for [213Bi]Bi3+ and [111In]In3+, with promising characteristics for further development toward theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Wharton
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.,Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Hua Yang
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Jutta Zeisler
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Valery Radchenko
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agronomy Road, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Maryam Osooly
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Brian O Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kuo-Shyan Lin
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - François Bénard
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Paul Schaffer
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Chris Orvig
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Yang H, Wilson JJ, Orvig C, Li Y, Wilbur DS, Ramogida CF, Radchenko V, Schaffer P. Harnessing α-Emitting Radionuclides for Therapy: Radiolabeling Method Review. J Nucl Med 2022; 63:5-13. [PMID: 34503958 PMCID: PMC8717181 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.262687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted α-therapy (TAT) is an emerging powerful tool treating late-stage cancers for which therapeutic options are limited. At the core of TAT are targeted radiopharmaceuticals, where isotopes are paired with targeting vectors to enable tissue- or cell-specific delivery of α-emitters. DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid) and DTPA (diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid) are commonly used to chelate metallic radionuclides but have limitations. Significant efforts are underway to develop effective stable chelators for α-emitters and are at various stages of development and community adoption. Isotopes such as 149Tb, 212/213Bi, 212Pb (for 212Bi), 225Ac, and 226/227Th have found suitable chelators, although further studies, especially in vivo studies, are required. For others, including 223Ra, 230U, and, arguably 211At, the ideal chemistry remains elusive. This review summarizes the methods reported to date for the incorporation of 149Tb, 211At, 212/213Bi, 212Pb (for 212Bi), 223Ra, 225Ac, 226/227Th, and 230U into radiopharmaceuticals, with a focus on new discoveries and remaining challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yang
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Justin J Wilson
- Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Chris Orvig
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yawen Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - D Scott Wilbur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Caterina F Ramogida
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Valery Radchenko
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and
| | - Paul Schaffer
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Kurakina ES, Wharton L, Hoehr C, Orvig C, Magomedbekov EP, Filosofov D, Radchenko V. Improved separation scheme for 44Sc produced by irradiation of natCa targets with 12.8 MeV protons. Nucl Med Biol 2021; 104-105:22-27. [PMID: 34847480 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 44Sc is of great interest as a positron emission tomography (PET) radionuclide due to its suitable nuclear characteristics: Eβ+max = 1.47 MeV, branching ratio 94.3% and convenient half-life of 3.97 h. Here, 44Sc was produced via the widely used reaction 44Ca (p,n)44Sc using natural calcium as a target. METHODS The irradiation was performed at TRIUMF using the 13 MeV cyclotron. The separation consisted of a combination of DGA branched resin and Dowex 50Wx8 (200-400 mesh). The distribution coefficients of Sc3+ on Dowex 50Wx8 (NH4+ form, 200-400 mesh) with ammonium α-hydroxyisobutyrate (pH = 4.8) medium were determined in this study. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The tested scheme allows both a reliable separation of 44Sc from the target material as well as from the other competitive metals and a final fraction with high specific activity. The achieved radiochemical yield was 95 ± 3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Kurakina
- Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russian Federation; Department of High-Energy Chemistry and Radioecology, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow 125047, Russian Federation; Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - L Wharton
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada; Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - C Hoehr
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada; Department of Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics, and Statistics, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - C Orvig
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - E P Magomedbekov
- Department of High-Energy Chemistry and Radioecology, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow 125047, Russian Federation
| | - D Filosofov
- Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russian Federation
| | - V Radchenko
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
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Grieve ML, Paterson BM. The Evolving Coordination Chemistry of Radiometals for Targeted Alpha Therapy. Aust J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/ch21184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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