1
|
Huang L, Li XN, Shen Y, Hua Y, Song RH, Cui WB, Li ZY, Zhang H. Tunable photo/thermochromic properties of Cd(II)-viologen coordination polymers modulated by coordination modes for flexible imaging films and anti-counterfeiting. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:8803-8811. [PMID: 38716557 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00764f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Two photochromic Cd(II)-CPs were obtained based on the viologen ligand using different synthetic routes, named {[Cd4(p-BDC)4(CPB)2(H2O)2]·2H2O·EtOH}n (1) and {[Cd(p-BDC)(CPB)(H2O)]·(L)·DMF}n (2) (p-H2BDC = 1,4-benzene-dicarboxylate, HCPB·Cl = 1-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4'-bipyridinium·Cl, L = 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, and DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide), respectively. Due to different coordination modes, the two Cd(II)-CPs show different structures. Compound 1 exhibits a three-dimensional (3D) framework with bimetallic nodes, while compound 2 displays a 2-fold interpenetrated (4,4) net topology. Notably, the two Cd(II)-CPs exhibit substantial disparities in photo/thermochromism, which can be attributed to variations in donor-acceptor (D-A) distances arising from structural differences. Compound 1 showed visually sensitive photo- and thermochromic behavior due to multi-pathway electron transfer and short D-A distances, which is relatively rare in electron-transfer type photochromic systems. In contrast, 2 only demonstrates insensitive photochromic behavior, with a slight deepening of the color observed after 2 hours of UV light, which is due to the mono-pathway electron transfer and long D-A distance. Moreover, we first combined Cd(II)-viologen CPs with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to prepare a 1@PDMS flexible UV imaging film. 1@PDMS exhibits excellent bendability and stretchability and maintains good photochromic properties after 100 bending cycles. To demonstrate the rapid color response and distinct color contrast of 1, its application in anti-counterfeiting is also demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China.
| | - Xiao-Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China.
| | - Yuan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China.
| | - Yang Hua
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China.
| | - Run-Hong Song
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China.
| | - Wen-Bo Cui
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China.
| | - Zi-Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang NN, Zhang YN, Li L, Li ZY, Liu YT, Dong Y, Yan Y, Wang MS. Photochromism and single-component white light emission from a metalloviologen complex based on 1,5-naphthyridine. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:6547-6555. [PMID: 38517702 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04250b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Metalloviologens, as emerging electron-transfer photochromic compounds, have shown intriguing properties such as radiochromism, photochromism and photoconductance. However, only a limited number of them have been reported so far. Exploration of new metalloviologens is strongly desired. Herein, we report a new solvothermally synthesized metalloviologen complex [CdCl2(ND)2]n (1, ND = 1,5-naphthalenes) that exhibits photochromic and intrinsic white light emission properties. Density functional theory calculation results reveal that the photochromism could be assigned to photoinduced electron transfer from chlorine atoms to ND molecules. The photoinduced charge-separated states are heat/air stable, attributed to the delocalization of ND and strong intermolecular π-π interactions. Besides, complex 1 consistently emits intrinsic white light when excited with 340-370 nm UV light, achieving high color rendering index (CRI) values (82.54-94.04). By adjusting the excitation wavelength, both "warm" and "cold" white light emission can be produced, making it suitable for the application of a white light emitting diode (WLED). Thus, this work demonstrates that the ND-based metalloviologen is not only helpful in producing photochromism, but also beneficial for creating white-light emission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Ning Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P. R. China.
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P. R. China.
| | - Li Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Yu Li
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Tong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P. R. China.
| | - Yunyun Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P. R. China.
| | - Yong Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P. R. China.
| | - Ming-Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao JL, Yang ZY, Xu YQ, Cao ZY, Liu JX, Li MH. Series of Viologen-Based Metal-Organic Polyhedra with Photo/Electrochromic Behavior for Inkless Printing and UV Detection. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6692-6700. [PMID: 38573894 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The fabrication of molecular crystalline materials with fast, multistimuli-responsive behavior and the construction of the corresponding structure-activity relationship are of extraordinary significance for the development of smart materials. In this context, three multistimuli-responsive functional metal-organic polyhedra (MOP), {[Dy2(bcbp)3(NO3)1.5(H2O)7]·Cl4.2·(NO3)0.3·H2O}n (1), {[Dy2(bcbp)4(H2O)8]Cl6}n (2), and {[Eu2(bcbp)4(H2O)10]Cl6·H2O}n (3; bcbp = 1,1'-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4'-bipyridinium), were successfully prepared and characterized. All of the compounds exhibit rapid and reversible photochromic and electrochromic dual-responsive behaviors. Furthermore, benefiting from the well-defined crystal structure and different responsive behaviors, the photoinduced electron transfer (PIET) process and structure-activity relationship were explored. In addition, considering the excellent photochromic performance, function filter paper and smart organic glass were successfully prepared and used for ink-free printing and UV light detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Li Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Zi-Yu Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Zhong-Yan Cao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Jun-Xia Liu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Meng-Hua Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li CL, Sun YH, Wang MS, Xing XS. A crystalline photochromic metalloviologen compound with a chiral ligand: Synthetic strategy and SHG-photoswitching property. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
5
|
Li GM, Xu F, Han SD, Pan J, Wang GM. Hybrid Photochromic Lanthanide Phosphonate with Multiple Photoresponsive Functionalities. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:8379-8385. [PMID: 35592931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid photochromic materials (HPMs) with specific photoresponsive functionality have applications in many fields. The photoinduced electron-transfer (ET) strategy has been proved to be effective in the synthesis of HPMs with diverse photomodulated properties. The exploitation of new electron acceptors (EAs) is meaningful for promoting the development of HPMs. In this work, we introduced a rigid tetraimidazole derivative, 3,3,5,5-tetra(imidazol-1-yl)-1,1-biphenyl (TIBP) as a potential EA, into a metal-diphosphonate (1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid, H4-HEDP) system to explore HPMs and finally obtained a hybrid metal phosphonate (H4-TIBP)0.5·[Dy(H-HEDP) (H2-HEDP)]·H2O (1). 1 features anionic chains composed of diphosphonate and Dy3+ ions. The extra charge is balanced by protonated TIBP cations, which exist in the void of adjacent chains and form H-bonds with Ophosphonate (N-H···O). Upon photostimulation with a Xe lamp (300 W), the crystalline sample 1 exhibited coloration by changing from colorless to pale yellow because of the presence of photoinduced radicals that originated from the ET from Ophosphonate to NTIBP. Along with the coloration, photomodulated fluorescence, magnetism, and proton conductivity were also detected in the photoactivated samples. Different from the reported HPMs based on polypyridine derivatives and photoactive species such as pyridinium and naphthalimide derivatives as EAs, our study provides a new category of EA units to yield HPMs with fascinating photoresponsive functionality via the assembly of polyimidazole derivatives and phosphonate-based supramolecular building blocks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang-Mei Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P. R. China
| | - Fei Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P. R. China
| | - Song-De Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P. R. China
| | - Jie Pan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Ming Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|