1
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Zhang Y, Gong Y, Liang Z, Wu W, Chen J, Li Y, Chen R, Mei J, Huang Z, Sun J. Mitochondria- and endoplasmic reticulum-localizing iridium(III) complexes induce immunogenic cell death of 143B cells. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 259:112655. [PMID: 38943844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Recent breakthroughs in cancer immunology have propelled immunotherapy to the forefront of cancer research as a promising treatment approach that harnesses the body's immune system to effectively identify and eliminate cancer cells. In this study, three novel cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes, Ir1, Ir2, and Ir3, were designed, synthesized, and assessed in vitro for cytotoxic activity against several tumor-derived cell lines. Among these, Ir1 exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity, with an IC50 value of 0.4 ± 0.1 μM showcasing its significant anticancer potential. Detailed mechanistic analysis revealed that co-incubation of Ir1 with 143B cells led to Ir1 accumulation within mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Furthermore, Ir1 induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest, while also diminishing mitochondrial membrane potential, disrupting mitochondrial function, and triggering ER stress. Intriguingly, in mice the Ir1-induced ER stress response disrupted calcium homeostasis to thereby trigger immunogenic cell death (ICD), which subsequently activated the host antitumor immune response while concurrently dampening the in vivo tumor-induced inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yao Gong
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Zhijun Liang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Wei Wu
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jiaxi Chen
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Yuling Li
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Rui Chen
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jun Mei
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Zunnan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Jing Sun
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
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2
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Ramos R, Karaiskou A, Botuha C, Amhaz S, Trichet M, Dingli F, Forté J, Lam F, Canette A, Chaumeton C, Salome M, Chenuel T, Bergonzi C, Meyer P, Bohic S, Loew D, Salmain M, Sobczak-Thépot J. Identification of Cellular Protein Targets of a Half-Sandwich Iridium(III) Complex Reveals Its Dual Mechanism of Action via Both Electrophilic and Oxidative Stresses. J Med Chem 2024; 67:6189-6206. [PMID: 38577779 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Identification of intracellular targets of anticancer drug candidates provides key information on their mechanism of action. Exploiting the ability of the anticancer (C∧N)-chelated half-sandwich iridium(III) complexes to covalently bind proteins, click chemistry with a bioorthogonal azido probe was used to localize a phenyloxazoline-chelated iridium complex within cells and profile its interactome at the proteome-wide scale. Proteins involved in protein folding and actin cytoskeleton regulation were identified as high-affinity targets. Upon iridium complex treatment, the folding activity of Heat Shock Protein HSP90 was inhibited in vitro and major cytoskeleton disorganization was observed. A wide array of imaging and biochemical methods validated selected targets and provided a multiscale overview of the effects of this complex on live human cells. We demonstrate that it behaves as a dual agent, inducing both electrophilic and oxidative stresses in cells that account for its cytotoxicity. The proposed methodological workflow can open innovative avenues in metallodrug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Ramos
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, 184 rue du Faubourg Saint Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Anthi Karaiskou
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, 184 rue du Faubourg Saint Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Candice Botuha
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Sadek Amhaz
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, 184 rue du Faubourg Saint Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Michaël Trichet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Service d'imagerie cellulaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Florent Dingli
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CurieCoreTech Mass Spectrometry Proteomics, F-75248 Paris, France
| | - Jérémy Forté
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - France Lam
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Service d'imagerie cellulaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Alexis Canette
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Service d'imagerie cellulaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Chloé Chaumeton
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Service d'imagerie cellulaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Murielle Salome
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron Research Facility, F-38043 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - Thomas Chenuel
- Sorbonne Université, PSL, CNRS, UMR8226, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Céline Bergonzi
- Sorbonne Université, PSL, CNRS, UMR8226, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Meyer
- Sorbonne Université, PSL, CNRS, UMR8226, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Bohic
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, UA7 STROBE, Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedicine, F-38400 Saint Martin d'Hères, France
| | - Damarys Loew
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CurieCoreTech Mass Spectrometry Proteomics, F-75248 Paris, France
| | - Michèle Salmain
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Joëlle Sobczak-Thépot
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, 184 rue du Faubourg Saint Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
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3
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Podolski-Renić A, Čipak Gašparović A, Valente A, López Ó, Bormio Nunes JH, Kowol CR, Heffeter P, Filipović NR. Schiff bases and their metal complexes to target and overcome (multidrug) resistance in cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116363. [PMID: 38593587 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major challenges in cancer therapy. In this respect, Schiff base-related compounds (bearing a R1R2CNR3 bond) gained high interest during the past decades. Schiff bases are considered privileged ligands for various reasons, including the easiness of their preparation and the possibility to form complexes with almost all transition metal ions. Schiff bases and their metal complexes exhibit many types of biological activities and are used for the treatment and diagnosis of various diseases. Until now, 13 Schiff bases have been investigated in clinical trials for cancer treatment and hypoxia imaging. This review represents the first collection of Schiff bases and their complexes which demonstrated MDR-reversal activity. The areas of drug resistance covered in this article involve: 1) Modulation of ABC transporter function, 2) Targeting lysosomal ABCB1 overexpression, 3) Circumvention of ABC transporter-mediated drug efflux by alternative routes of drug uptake, 4) Selective activity against MDR cancer models (collateral sensitivity), 5) Targeting GSH-detoxifying systems, 6) Overcoming apoptosis resistance by inducing necrosis and paraptosis, 7) Reactivation of mutated p53, 8) Restoration of sensitivity to DNA-damaging anticancer therapy, and 9) Overcoming drug resistance through modulation of the immune system. Through this approach, we would like to draw attention to Schiff bases and their metal complexes representing highly interesting anticancer drug candidates with the ability to overcome MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Podolski-Renić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Organica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Julia H Bormio Nunes
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R Kowol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Nenad R Filipović
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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4
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Chen J, Li W, Li G, Liu X, Huang C, Nie H, Liang L, Wang Y, Liu Y. Targeted liposomes encapsulated iridium(III) compound greatly enhance anticancer efficacy and induce cell death via ferroptosis on HepG2 cells. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116078. [PMID: 38141286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, ligands 2-phenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (PIP), 2-(2-nitrophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (NPIP), 2-(2-nitronaphthalen-1-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (NNIP) and their iridium(III) metal compounds [Ir(ppy)2(PIP)](PF6) (ppy = 2-phenylpyridine, 1a), [Ir(ppy)2(NPIP)](PF6) (1b), [Ir(ppy)2(NNIP)](PF6) (1c) were designed and synthesized. The anti-cancer activities of 1a, 1b and 1c on BEL-7402, HepG2, SK-Hep1 and non-cancer LO2 were detected using MTT method. 1a shows moderate, 1b and 1c display low or no anti-cancer activities. To elevate the anti-cancer effectiveness, encapsulating the compounds 1a, 1b and 1c into the ordinary or targeted liposomes to produce 1alip, 1blip, 1clip, or targeted 1aTlip, 1bTlip and 1cTlip. The IC50 values of 1alip, 1blip, 1clip, 1aTlip, 1bTlip and 1cTlip against HepG2 cells are 7.9 ± 0.1, 8.6 ± 0.2, 16.9 ± 0.5, 5.9 ± 0.2, 7.3 ± 0.1 and 9.7 ± 0.7 μM, respectively. Specifically, the anti-tumor activity assays in vivo found that the inhibitory rates are 23.24 % for 1a, 61.27 % for 1alip, 76.06 % for 1aTlip. It is obvious that the targeted liposomes entrapped iridium(III) compound greatly enhance anti-cancer efficacy. Additionally, 1alip, 1blip and 1clip or targeted 1aTlip, 1bTlip and 1cTlip can effectively restrain the cell colony and proliferation in the G0/G1 period. 1alip, 1blip, 1clip, 1aTlip, 1bTlip and 1cTlip can increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration, arouse a decline in the mitochondrial membrane potential and promote Ca2+ release. RNA-sequence was applied to examine the signaling pathways. Taken together, the liposomes or targeted liposomes encapsulated compounds trigger cell death by way of apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, disruption of mitochondrial function and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Wenlong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Gechang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | | | - Chunxia Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Hua Nie
- Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514031, PR China.
| | - Lijuan Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yunjun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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5
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Reghukumar C, Shamjith S, Murali VP, Ramya PK, Radhakrishnan KV, Maiti KK. Cyclometalated Ir(III) theranostic molecular probe enabled mitochondria targeted fluorescence-SERS-guided phototherapy in breast cancer cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 250:112832. [PMID: 38142588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The increased energy demands inherent in cancer cells necessitate a dependence on mitochondrial assistance for their proliferation and metastatic activity. Herein, an innovative photo-medical approach has been attempted, specifically targeting mitochondria, the cellular powerhouses, to attain therapeutic benefit. This strategy facilitates the rapid and precise initiation of apoptosis, the programmed cell death process. In this goal, we have synthesized cyclometalated Iridium (III) molecular probes, denoted as Ir-CN and Ir-H, with a nitrile (CN) and a hydrogen-functionalized bipyridine as ancillary ligands, respectively. Ir-CN has shown superior photosensitizing properties and lower dark cytotoxicity compared to Ir-H in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7, positioning it as the preferred probe for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The synthesized Ir-CN induces alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential, disrupting the respiratory chain function, and generating reactive oxygen species that activate signaling pathways leading to cell death. The CN-conjugated bipyridine ligand in Ir-CN contributes to the intense red fluorescence and the positive charge on the central metal atom facilitates specific mitochondrial colocalization (colocalization coefficient of 0.90). Together with this, the Iridium metal, with strong spin-orbit coupling, efficiently generates singlet oxygen with a quantum yield of 0.79. Consequently, the cytotoxic singlet oxygen produced by Ir-CN upon laser exposure disrupts mitochondrial processes, arresting the electron transport chain and energy production, ultimately leading to programmed cell death. This mitochondrial imbalance and apoptotic induction were dually confirmed through various apoptotic assays including Annexin V staining and by mapping the molecular level changes through surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Therefore, cyclometalated Ir-CN emerges as a promising molecular probe for cancer theranostics, inducing laser-assisted mitochondrial damage, as tracked through bimodal fluorescence and SERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandana Reghukumar
- Chemical Sciences & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Industrial Estate, Pappanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shanmughan Shamjith
- Chemical Sciences & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Industrial Estate, Pappanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Murali
- Chemical Sciences & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Industrial Estate, Pappanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Pilankatta K Ramya
- Chemical Sciences & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Industrial Estate, Pappanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kokkuvayil Vasu Radhakrishnan
- Chemical Sciences & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Industrial Estate, Pappanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kaustabh Kumar Maiti
- Chemical Sciences & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Industrial Estate, Pappanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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6
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Chen L, Tang H, Chen W, Wang J, Zhang S, Gao J, Chen Y, Zhu X, Huang Z, Chen J. Mitochondria-targeted cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes: Dual induction of A549 cells apoptosis and autophagy. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 249:112397. [PMID: 37844533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized 4 cyclometalated iridium complexes using N-(1,10-phenanthrolin-5-yl)picolinamide (PPA) as the main ligand, denoted as [Ir(ppy)2PPA]PF6 (ppy = 2-phenylpyridine, Ir1), [Ir(bzq)2PPA]PF6 (bzq = benzo[h]quinoline, Ir2), [Ir(dfppy)2PPA]PF6 (dfppy = 2-(3,5-difluorophenyl)pyridine, Ir3), and [Ir(thpy)2PPA]PF6 (thpy = 2-(thiophene-2-yl)pyridine, Ir4). Compared to cisplatin and oxaliplatin, all four complexes exhibited significant anti-tumor activity. Among them, Ir2 demonstrated higher cytotoxicity against A549 cells, with an IC50 value of 1.6 ± 0.2 μM. The experimental results indicated that Ir2 primarily localized in the mitochondria, inducing a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, that decreased in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reduced ATP production, and further impaired mitochondrial function, leading to cytochrome c release. Additionally, Ir2 caused cell cycle arrest at the S phase and induced apoptosis through the AKT-mediated signaling pathway. Further investigations revealed that Ir2 could simultaneously induce both apoptosis and autophagy in A549 cells, with the latter acting as a non-protective mechanism that promoted cell death. More importantly, Ir2 exhibited low toxicity to both normal LO2 cells in vitro and zebrafish embryos in vivo. Consequently, these newly developed Ir(III) complexes show great potential in the development of novel and low-toxicity anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China
| | - Hong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China
| | - Weigang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China
| | - Shenting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China
| | - Jie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China
| | - Xufeng Zhu
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China.
| | - Zunnan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China.
| | - Jincan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China.
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7
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Liu X, Wang Z, Zhang X, Lv X, Sun Y, Dong R, Li G, Ren X, Ji Z, Yuan XA, Liu Z. Configurationally regulated half-sandwich iridium(III)-ferrocene heteronuclear metal complexes: Potential anticancer agents. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 249:112393. [PMID: 37806004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Half-sandwich iridium(III) (IrIII) complexes and ferrocenyl (Fc) derivatives are becoming the research hotspot in the field of anticancer because of their good bioactivity and unique anticancer mechanism different from platinum-based drugs. Then, a series of half-sandwich IrIII-Fc pyridine complexes have been prepared through the structural regulation in this study. The incorporation of half-sandwich IrIII complex with Fc unit successfully improves their anticancer activity, and the optimal performance (IrFc5) is almost 3-fold higher than that of cisplatin against A549 cells, meanwhile, which also shows better anti-proliferative activity against A549/DDP cells. Complexes can aggregate in the intracellular lysosome of A549 cells and induce lysosomal damage, disrupt the cell cycle, increase the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species, and eventually lead to cell apoptosis. Half-sandwich IrIII-Fc heteronuclear metal complexes possess a different anticancer mechanism from cisplatin, which can serve as a potential alternative to platinum-based drugs and show a good application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xicheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
| | - Zihan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Xinru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Xiaocai Lv
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Ruixiao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Guangxiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Xueyan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Zhongyin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Xiang-Ai Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
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8
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Gadre S, M M, Chakraborty G, Rayrikar A, Paul S, Patra C, Patra M. Development of a Highly In Vivo Efficacious Dual Antitumor and Antiangiogenic Organoiridium Complex as a Potential Anti-Lung Cancer Agent. J Med Chem 2023; 66:13481-13500. [PMID: 37784224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
While the phenomenal clinical success of blockbuster platinum (Pt) drugs is highly encouraging, the inherent and acquired resistance and dose-limiting side effects severely limit their clinical application. To find a better alternative with translational potential, we synthesized a library of six organo-IrIII half-sandwich [(η5-CpX)Ir(N∧N)Cl]+-type complexes. In vitro screening identified two lead candidates [(η5-CpXPh)Ir(Ph2Phen)Cl]+ (5, CpXPh = tetramethyl-phenyl-cyclopentadienyl and Ph2Phen = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) and [(η5-CpXBiPh)Ir(Ph2Phen)Cl]+ (6, CpXBiPh = tetramethyl-biphenyl-cyclopentadienyl) with nanomolar IC50 values. Both 5 and 6 efficiently overcame Pt resistance and presented excellent cancer cell selectivity in vitro. Potent antiangiogenic properties of 6 were demonstrated in the zebrafish model. Satisfyingly, 6 and its nanoliposome Lipo-6 presented considerably higher in vivo antitumor efficacy as compared to cisplatin, as well as earlier reported IrIII half-sandwich complexes in mice bearing the A549 non-small lung cancer xenograft. In particular, complex 6 is the first example of this class that exerted dual in vivo antiangiogenic and antitumor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Gadre
- Medicinal Chemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - Manikandan M
- Medicinal Chemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - Gourav Chakraborty
- Department of Developmental Biology, Agharkar Research Institute, G G Agarkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411004, India
| | - Amey Rayrikar
- Department of Developmental Biology, Agharkar Research Institute, G G Agarkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411004, India
| | - Subhadeep Paul
- Medicinal Chemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - Chinmoy Patra
- Department of Developmental Biology, Agharkar Research Institute, G G Agarkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411004, India
| | - Malay Patra
- Medicinal Chemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
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Wang L, Liu X, Wu Y, He X, Guo X, Gao W, Tan L, Yuan XA, Liu J, Liu Z. In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Assay of Mitochondrially Targeted Fluorescent Half-Sandwich Iridium(III) Pyridine Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:3395-3408. [PMID: 36763897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Half-sandwich iridium(III) complexes show potential value in the anticancer field. However, complexes with favorable luminescence performance are rare, which limits further investigation of the anticancer mechanism. In this paper, 10 triphenylamine-modified fluorescent half-sandwich iridium(III) pyridine complexes {[(η5-Cpx)Ir(L)Cl2]} (Ir1-Ir10) were prepared and showed potential antiproliferative activity, effectively inhibiting the migration of A549 cells. Ir6, showing the best activity among these complexes, exhibited excellent fluorescence performance (absolute fluorescence quantum yield of 15.17%) in solution. Laser confocal detection showed that Ir6 followed an energy-dependent cellular uptake mechanism, specifically accumulating in mitochondria (Pearson co-localization coefficient of 0.95). A Western blot assay further confirmed the existence of a mitochondrial apoptotic channel. Additionally, Ir6 could arrest the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, catalyze NADH oxidation, reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential, induce an increase in the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species, and exhibit a mechanism of oxidation. An in vivo antitumor assay confirmed that Ir6 can effectively inhibit tumor growth and is safer than cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Wang
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Xicheng Liu
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Xian He
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Wenshan Gao
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Lin Tan
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Xiang-Ai Yuan
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
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10
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Liu J, Wu Y, Yang G, Liu Z, Liu X. Mitochondrial targeting half-sandwich iridium(III) and ruthenium(II) dppf complexes and in vitro anticancer assay. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 239:112069. [PMID: 36423395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.112069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Considering the potential application of half-sandwich and ferrocenyl-containing organometallic complexes in the area of anticancer, four half-sandwich iridium(III) (IrIII) and ruthenium(II) (RuII) diphenylphosphino ferrocene (dppf) complexes were prepared in this study. Complexes showed favorable anti-proliferation activity towards A549 cell lines compared to cisplatin, meanwhile, which could effectively inhibit cell migration. These complexes followed an energy dependence uptake mechanism, effectively accumulated in mitochondria with a Pearson's Colocalization Coefficient (PCC) of 0.77, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, induced a surge of reactive oxygen species, disturbed cell cycle, and eventually led to apoptosis. Western blot assay further confirmed that these complexes induced apoptosis following a mitochondrial pathway. Above all, half-sandwich IrIII and RuII dppf complexes show the prospect of becoming a new multifunctional therapeutic platform for mitochondrial targeted imaging and anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China.
| | - Yuting Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Ge Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China.
| | - Xicheng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China.
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11
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Yang T, Zhu M, Jiang M, Yang F, Zhang Z. Current status of iridium-based complexes against lung cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1025544. [PMID: 36210835 PMCID: PMC9538862 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1025544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, with the highest mortality rate in the world, and its incidence is second only to breast cancer. It has posed a serious threat to human health. Cisplatin, a metal-based drug, is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of various cancers. However, its clinical efficacy is seriously limited by numerous side effects and drug resistance. This has led to the exploration and development of other transition metal complexes for the treatment of malignant tumors. In recent years, iridium-based complexes have attracted extensive attention due to their potent anticancer activities, limited side effects, unique antitumor mechanisms, and rich optical properties, and are expected to be potential antitumor drugs. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of iridium complexes against lung cancer and introduce their anti-tumor mechanisms, including apoptosis, cycle arrest, inhibition of lung cancer cell migration, induction of immunogenic cell death, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongfu Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Minghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
- School of food and biochemical engineering, Guangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Laibin, Guangxi, China
| | - Feng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhenlei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenlei Zhang,
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Jiang M, Zhang Z, Li W, Man X, Sun H, Liang H, Yang F. Developing a Copper(II) Agent Based on His-146 and His-242 Residues of Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles: Integration To Overcome Cisplatin Resistance and Inhibit the Metastasis of Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer. J Med Chem 2022; 65:9447-9458. [PMID: 35786921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To overcome the resistance of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells to cisplatin and inhibit their metastasis, we proposed to develop a Cu(II) agent based on the specific residue(s) of HSA nanoparticles (NPs) for multitargeting the tumor microenvironment (TME). To this end, we not only synthesized four Cu(II) 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone compounds (C1-C4), obtaining a Cu compound (C4) with significant cytotoxicity by studying their structure-activity relationships, but also revealed the binding mechanism of C4 to HSA through X-ray crystallography and confirmed the successful construction of a new HSA-C4 NPs delivery system. C4 and HSA-C4 NPs inhibited the A549cisR tumor growth and metastasis, and HSA NPs optimized the anticancer behavior of C4. We further confirmed the anticancer mechanism of the C4/HSA-C4 NP multitargeting TME to overcome cisplatin resistance: killing tumor cells by acting on the mtDNA and inducing apoptosis, polarizing M2-type macrophages to the M1-type, and inhibiting angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China.,School of Food and Biochemical Engineering, Guangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Laibin, Guangxi 546199, China
| | - Zhenlei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Xueyu Man
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Hongbin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Hong Liang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Feng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
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13
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Fan Z, Rong Y, Sadhukhan T, Liang S, Li W, Yuan Z, Zhu Z, Guo S, Ji S, Wang J, Kushwaha R, Banerjee S, Raghavachari K, Huang H. Single-Cell Quantification of a Highly Biocompatible Dinuclear Iridium(III) Complex for Photocatalytic Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202098. [PMID: 35258153 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Quantifying the content of metal-based anticancer drugs within single cancer cells remains a challenge. Here, we used single-cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to study the uptake and retention of mononuclear (Ir1) and dinuclear (Ir2) IrIII photoredox catalysts. This method allowed rapid and precise quantification of the drug in individual cancer cells. Importantly, Ir2 showed a significant synergism but not an additive effect for NAD(P)H photocatalytic oxidation. The lysosome-targeting Ir2 showed low dark toxicity in vitro and in vivo. Ir2 exhibited high photocatalytic therapeutic efficiency at 525 nm with an excellent photo-index in vitro and in tumor-bearing mice model. Interestingly, the photocatalytic anticancer profile of the dinuclear Ir2 was much better than the mononuclear Ir1, indicating for the first time that dinuclear metal-based photocatalysts can be applied for photocatalytic anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxian Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China
| | - Yi Rong
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Tumpa Sadhukhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | | | - Wenqing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China
| | - Zhanxiang Yuan
- Light Industry and Chemical Engineering College, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zilin Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China
| | - Shunwen Guo
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shaomin Ji
- Light Industry and Chemical Engineering College, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jinquan Wang
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Rajesh Kushwaha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, UP 221005, India
| | - Samya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, UP 221005, India
| | | | - Huaiyi Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China
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14
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Fan Z, Rong Y, Sadhukhan T, Liang S, Li W, Yuan Z, Zhu Z, Guo S, Ji S, Wang J, Kushwaha R, Banerjee S, Raghavachari K, Huang H. Single‐Cell Quantification of a Highly Biocompatible Dinuclear Iridium(III) Complex for Photocatalytic Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxian Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen) Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen 518107 P. R. China
| | - Yi Rong
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Tumpa Sadhukhan
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University Bloomington Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | | | - Wenqing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen) Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen 518107 P. R. China
| | - Zhanxiang Yuan
- Light Industry and Chemical Engineering College Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Zilin Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen) Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen 518107 P. R. China
| | - Shunwen Guo
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Shaomin Ji
- Light Industry and Chemical Engineering College Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Jinquan Wang
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Rajesh Kushwaha
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi UP 221005 India
| | - Samya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi UP 221005 India
| | | | - Huaiyi Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen) Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen 518107 P. R. China
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15
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Gupta S, Singh N, Khan T, Joshi S. Thiosemicarbazone derivatives of transition metals as multi-target drugs: A review. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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