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Yang S, Yuan H, Guo K, Wei Z, Ming M, Yi J, Jiang L, Han Z. Fluorinated chlorin chromophores for red-light-driven CO 2 reduction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5704. [PMID: 38977670 PMCID: PMC11231220 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50084-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The utilization of low-energy photons in light-driven reactions is an effective strategy for improving the efficiency of solar energy conversion. In nature, photosynthetic organisms use chlorophylls to harvest the red portion of sunlight, which ultimately drives the reduction of CO2. However, a molecular system that mimics such function is extremely rare in non-noble-metal catalysis. Here we report a series of synthetic fluorinated chlorins as biomimetic chromophores for CO2 reduction, which catalytically produces CO under both 630 nm and 730 nm light irradiation, with turnover numbers of 1790 and 510, respectively. Under appropriate conditions, the system lasts over 240 h and stays active under 1% concentration of CO2. Mechanistic studies reveal that chlorin and chlorinphlorin are two key intermediates in red-light-driven CO2 reduction, while corresponding porphyrin and bacteriochlorin are much less active forms of chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiqing Yuan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuting Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Ming
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinzhi Yi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Long Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiji Han
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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2
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Ma F, Luo ZM, Wang JW, Ouyang G. Highly Efficient, Noble-Metal-Free, Fully Aqueous CO 2 Photoreduction Sensitized by a Robust Organic Dye. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:17773-17783. [PMID: 38888951 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The development of efficient, selective, and durable CO2 photoreduction systems presents a long-standing challenge in full aqueous solutions owing to the presence of scarce CO2 and the fierce competition against H2 evolution, which is even more challenging when noble metals are not utilized. Herein, we present the facile decorations of four phosphonic acid groups on a donor-acceptor-type organic dye to obtain a water-soluble photosensitizer (4P-DPAIPN), which succeeds the excellent photophysical and photoredox properties of its prototype, exhibiting long-lived delayed fluorescence (>10 μs) in aqueous solutions. Combining 4P-DPAIPN with a cationic cobalt porphyrin catalyst has accomplished record-high apparent quantum yields of 9.4-17.4% at 450 nm for CO2-to-CO photoconversion among the precedented systems (maximum 13%) in fully aqueous solutions. Remarkable selectivity of 82-93% and turnover number of 2700 for CO production can also be achieved with this noble-metal-free system, outperforming a benchmarking ruthenium photosensitizer and a commercial organic dye under parallel conditions. Such high performances of 4P-DPAIPN can be well maintained under real sunlight. More impressively, no significant decomposition of 4P-DPAIPN was detected during the long-term photocatalysis. Eventually, the photoinduced electron transfer pathways were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Zhi-Mei Luo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Jia-Wei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
- Chemistry College, Center of Advanced Analysis and Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Test for Dangerous Chemicals, Guangdong Institute of Analysis (China National Analytical Center Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510070, China
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3
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Aitchison CM, Zhang Y, Lu W, McCulloch I. Photocatalytic CO 2 reduction by topologically matched polymer-polymer heterojunction nanosheets. Faraday Discuss 2024; 250:251-262. [PMID: 37965718 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00143a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Conversion of solar energy into chemical fuel can be achieved through a number of routes but direct conversion, via photocatalysis, is potentially the simplest and cheapest route to the transformation of low-value substances, water and CO2, to useful chemical fuels or feedstocks such as hydrogen, formate, methanol, and syngas. 2D polymers, including carbon nitrides and COFs, have emerged as one of the most promising classes of organic photocatalysts for solar fuels production due to their energetic tunability, charge transport properties and robustness. They are, however, difficult to process and so there have been limited studies into the formation of heterojunction materials incorporating these components. In this work we use our novel templating approach to combine topologically matched imine-based donor polymers with acceptor polymers formed through Knoevenagel condensation. An efficient heterojunction interface was formed by matching the isostructural nodes and linkers that make up the D1 and A1 semiconductors and this was reflected in the increased photocatalytic activity of the heterojunction material T1. Tuning of the templating synthesis route to give heterojunctions with optimised donor : acceptor ratios, as well as the photocatalytic conditions, resulted in CO production rates that were between 1.5 and 10 times higher than those of the individual polymers. A further set of polymers A5 and D5 were developed with more optimised structures for CO2 reduction including increased overpotential for the reduction reaction and the presence of co-catalyst chelating groups. These had increased activity compared to the group 1 family and again showed higher activity for CO production by the templated heterojunction, T5, than either individual component or a physical mixture of the donor and acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Aitchison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - Wanpeng Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
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Silva GN, Faustino LA, Nascimento LL, Lopes OF, Patrocinio AOT. Visible light-driven CO2 photoreduction by a Re(I) complex immobilized onto CuO/Nb2O5 heterojunctions. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:034701. [PMID: 38226823 DOI: 10.1063/5.0178945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The immobilization of Re(I) complexes onto metal oxide surfaces presents an elegant strategy to enhance their stability and reusability toward photocatalytic CO2 reduction. In this study, the photocatalytic performance of fac-[ClRe(CO)3(dcbH2)], where dcbH2 = 4,4'-dicarboxylic acid-2,2'-bipyridine, anchored onto the surface of 1%m/m CuO/Nb2O5 was investigated. Following adsorption, the turnover number for CO production (TONCO) in DMF/TEOA increased significantly, from ten in solution to 370 under visible light irradiation, surpassing the TONCO observed for the complex onto pristine Nb2O5 or CuO surfaces. The CuO/Nb2O5 heterostructure allows for efficient electron injection by the Re(I) center, promoting efficient charge separation. At same time CuO clusters introduce a new absorption band above 550 nm that contributes for the photoreduction of the reaction intermediates, leading to a more efficient CO evolution and minimization of side reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela N Silva
- Laboratory of Photochemistry and Materials Science, LAFOT-CM, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro A Faustino
- Laboratory of Photochemistry and Materials Science, LAFOT-CM, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucas L Nascimento
- Laboratory of Photochemistry and Materials Science, LAFOT-CM, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Osmando F Lopes
- Laboratory of Photochemistry and Materials Science, LAFOT-CM, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Antonio Otavio T Patrocinio
- Laboratory of Photochemistry and Materials Science, LAFOT-CM, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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Su C, Chen Z, Feng Q, Wei F, Mo A, Huang HH, Hu H, Zou H, Liang F, Liu D. Electronic effects promoted the catalytic activities of binuclear Co(II) complexes for visible-light-driven CO 2 reduction in a water-containing system. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:4548-4553. [PMID: 36924138 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00054k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Under the action of a catalyst, the photoinduced reduction of CO2 to chemicals and fuels is one of the greenest and environment-friendly approaches for decreasing atmospheric CO2 emissions. Since the environment was affected by the greenhouse effect, scientists have never stopped exploring efficient photoinduced CO2 reduction systems, particularly the highly desired non-noble metal complexes. Most of the currently reported complexes based on non-noble metals exhibit low catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability in aqueous systems under the irradiation of visible light. Herein, we report a new binuclear cobalt complex [Co2(L1)(OAc)2](OAc) (Co2L1, HL1 = 2,6-bis((bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)methyl)-4-methoxyphenol), which accelerates the visible-light-driven conversion of CO2 to CO in acetonitrile/water (4/1, v/v) nearly 40% more than that for the previously reported [Co2(L2)(OAc)2](OAc) (Co2L2, HL2 = 2, 6-bis((bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)methyl)-4-(tert-butyl)phenol) by our research group. It has an excellent CO selectivity of 98%, and the TONCO is as high as 5920. Experimental results and DFT calculations showed that the enhanced catalytic performance of Co2L1 is due to the electron-donating effect of a methoxy group (-OCH3) in Co2L1 compared to a tertiary butyl group (-C(CH3)3) in Co2L2, which reduces the energy barrier of the rate-limiting CO2 coordination step in the visible-light-driven CO2 reduction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Su
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Yucai Road No.15, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Zilu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Yucai Road No.15, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Qin Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Yucai Road No.15, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Fangsha Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Yucai Road No.15, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Anna Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Yucai Road No.15, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Hai-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Yucai Road No.15, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Huancheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Yucai Road No.15, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Huahong Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Yucai Road No.15, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Fupei Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Yucai Road No.15, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Dongcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Yucai Road No.15, Guilin 541004, China.
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Neill JS, Boyle NM, Marques Passo T, Heintz K, Browne WR, Quilty B, Pryce MT. Photophysical and electrochemical properties of meso-tetrathien-2’-yl porphyrins compared to meso-tetraphenylporphyrin. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Xiao JD, Li R, Jiang HL. Metal-Organic Framework-Based Photocatalysis for Solar Fuel Production. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201258. [PMID: 36456462 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represent a novel class of crystalline inorganic-organic hybrid materials with tunable semiconducting behavior. MOFs have potential for application in photocatalysis to produce sustainable solar fuels, owing to their unique structural advantages (such as clarity and modifiability) that can facilitate a deeper understanding of the structure-activity relationship in photocatalysis. This review takes the photocatalytic active sites as a particular perspective, summarizing the progress of MOF-based photocatalysis for solar fuel production; mainly including three categories of solar-chemical conversions, photocatalytic water splitting to hydrogen fuel, photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction to hydrocarbon fuels, and photocatalytic nitrogen fixation to high-energy fuel carriers such as ammonia. This review focuses on the types of active sites in MOF-based photocatalysts and discusses their enhanced activity based on the well-defined structure of MOFs, offering deep insights into MOF-based photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Ding Xiao
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui Graphene Materials Research Center, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Long Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
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