1
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Schlachta TP, Kühn FE. Cyclic iron tetra N-heterocyclic carbenes: synthesis, properties, reactivity, and catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:2238-2277. [PMID: 36852959 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs01064j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic iron tetracarbenes are an emerging class of macrocyclic iron N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes. They can be considered as an organometallic compound class inspired by their heme analogs, however, their electronic properties differ, e.g. due to the very strong σ-donation of the four combined NHCs in equatorial coordination. The ligand framework of iron tetracarbenes can be readily modified, allowing fine-tuning of the structural and electronic properties of the complexes. The properties of iron tetracarbene complexes are discussed quantitatively and correlations are established. The electronic nature of the tetracarbene ligand allows the isolation of uncommon iron(III) and iron(IV) species and reveals a unique reactivity. Iron tetracarbenes are successfully applied in C-H activation, CO2 reduction, aziridination and epoxidation catalysis and mechanisms as well as decomposition pathways are described. This review will help researchers evaluate the structural and electronic properties of their complexes and target their catalyst properties through ligand design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim P Schlachta
- Technical University of Munich, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Molecular Catalysis, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Fritz E Kühn
- Technical University of Munich, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Molecular Catalysis, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
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2
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Carroll XB, Errulat D, Murugesu M, Jenkins DM. Late Lanthanide Macrocyclic Tetra-NHC Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:1611-1619. [PMID: 34990145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An isostructural set of macrocyclic tetra-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes were synthesized on late lanthanides including Lu, Yb, Ho, Dy, and Gd. They were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, multinuclear NMR, electrochemistry, and SQUID magnetometry. Solid-state structures show that all complexes are in a highly distorted square-pyramidal geometry with an axial HMDS ligand. 1H NMR for Lu, Yb, and Dy demonstrates that these geometries are maintained in solution. Electrochemical measurements on the Yb complex show that the NHCs are very strong σ-donors compared to other organometallic Yb complexes. Magnetic measurements of the Yb and Dy complexes reveal slow relaxation of the magnetization in both complexes. The highly anisotropic Dy complex possesses an energy barrier to spin reversal of 52.42 K/36.43 cm-1 and waist-restricted hysteresis up to 2.8 K. Finally, an 18-atom macrocycle variant of the Lu complex was synthesized for comparison in reactivity and stability. These complexes are the first lanthanides prepared with macrocyclic NHCs and suggest that NHCs may be a promising ligand for developing single-molecule magnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian B Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Dylan Errulat
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Muralee Murugesu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - David M Jenkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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3
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Zámbó GG, Schlagintweit JF, Reich RM, Kühn FE. Organometallic 3d transition metal NHC complexes in oxidation catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00127f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of processes for the selective oxidation of hydrocarbons is a major focus in catalysis research. Making this process simultaneously environmentally friendly is still challenging. 3d transition metals are...
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4
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Eder W, Himmelbauer D, Stöger B, Veiros LF, Pignitter M, Kirchner K. Manganese and iron PCP pincer complexes - the influence of sterics on structure and reactivity. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:13915-13924. [PMID: 34528031 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02407h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of various manganese and iron PCP pincer complexes via a solvothermal oxidative addition methodology is described. Upon reacting [Mn2(CO)10] with the ligands (P(C-Br)PCH2-iPr) (1a) and (P(C-Br)PO-iPr) (1b), Mn(I) PCP pincer complexes [Mn(PCPCH2-iPr)(CO)3] (2a) and [Mn(-PCPO-iPr)(CO)3] (2b) were obtained. Protonation of 2a with HBF4·Et2O led to the formation of [Mn(κ3P,CH,P-P(CH)PCH2-iPr)(CO)3]BF4 (3) featuring an η2-Caryl-H agostic bond. The solvothermal reaction of 1a with [Fe2(CO)9] afforded the Fe(II) PCP pincer complex [Fe(PCPCH2-iPr)(CO)2Br] (4). Treatment of 4 with Li[HBEt3] afforded the Fe(I) complex [Fe(PCPCH2-iPr)(CO)2] (5a). When using the sterically more demanding ligands (P(C-Br)PCH2-tBu) (1c) and (P(C-Br)PO-tBu)(1d) striking differences in reactivity were observed. While neither 1c nor 1d showed any reactivity towards [Mn2(CO)10], the reaction with [Fe2(CO)9] and [Fe(CO)5] led to the formation of the Fe(I) complexes [Fe(PCPCH2-tBu)(CO)2] (5b) and [Fe(PCPO-tBu)(CO)2] (5c). X-ray structures of representative complexes are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Eder
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Daniel Himmelbauer
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Berthold Stöger
- X-Ray Center, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Luis F Veiros
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais No. 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marc Pignitter
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Kirchner
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
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5
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Massie AA, Schremmer C, Rüter I, Dechert S, Siewert I, Meyer F. Selective Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction to CO by an NHC-Based Organometallic Heme Analogue. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Allyssa A. Massie
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Schremmer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Isabelle Rüter
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Inke Siewert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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6
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Chiang CK, Chu KT, Lin CC, Xie SR, Liu YC, Demeshko S, Lee GH, Meyer F, Tsai ML, Chiang MH, Lee CM. Photoinduced NO and HNO Production from Mononuclear {FeNO}6 Complex Bearing a Pendant Thiol. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8649-8661. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Kuei Chiang
- Department of Applied Science, National Taitung University, Taitung 950, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ti Chu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Rou Xie
- Department of Applied Science, National Taitung University, Taitung 950, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiao Liu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 107, Taiwan
| | - Franc Meyer
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ming-Li Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chiang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ming Lee
- Department of Applied Science, National Taitung University, Taitung 950, Taiwan
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7
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Mageed AH. Chemistry of macrocyclic tetracarbene complexes: Synthesis, structure, reactivity and catalytic application. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.120965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Keilwerth M, Hohenberger J, Heinemann FW, Sutter J, Scheurer A, Fang H, Bill E, Neese F, Ye S, Meyer K. A Series of Iron Nitrosyl Complexes {Fe-NO} 6-9 and a Fleeting {Fe-NO} 10 Intermediate en Route to a Metalacyclic Iron Nitrosoalkane. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:17217-17235. [PMID: 31566964 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Iron-nitrosyls have fascinated chemists for a long time due to the noninnocent nature of the NO ligand that can exist in up to five different oxidation and spin states. Coordination to an open-shell iron center leads to complex electronic structures, which is the reason Enemark-Feltham introduced the {Fe-NO}n notation. In this work, we succeeded in characterizing a series of {Fe-NO}6-9 complexes, including a reactive {Fe-NO}10 intermediate. All complexes were synthesized with the tris-N-heterocyclic carbene ligand tris[2-(3-mesitylimidazol-2-ylidene)ethyl]amine (TIMENMes), which is known to support iron in high and low oxidation states. Reaction of NOBF4 with [(TIMENMes)Fe]2+ resulted in formation of the {Fe-NO}6 compound [(TIMENMes)Fe(NO)(CH3CN)](BF4)3 (1). Stepwise chemical reduction with Zn, Mg, and Na/Hg leads to the isostructural series of high-spin iron nitrosyl complexes {Fe-NO}7,8,9 (2-4). Reduction of {Fe-NO}9 with Cs electride finally yields the highly reduced {Fe-NO}10 intermediate, key to formation of [Cs(crypt-222)][(TIMENMes)Fe(NO)], (5) featuring a metalacyclic [Fe-(NO-NHC)3-] nitrosoalkane unit. All complexes were characterized by single-crystal XRD analyses, temperature and field-dependent SQUID magnetization methods, as well as 57Fe Mössbauer, IR, UV/vis, multinuclear NMR, and dual-mode EPR spectroscopy. Spectroscopy-based DFT analyses provide insight into the electronic structures of all compounds and allowed assignments of oxidation states to iron and NO ligands. An alternative synthesis to the {Fe-NO}8 complex was found via oxygenation of the nitride complex [(TIMENMes)Fe(N)](BF4). Surprisingly, the resulting {Fe-NO}8 species is electronically and structural similar to the [(TIMENMes)Fe(N)]+ precursor. Based on the structural and electronic similarities between this nitrosyl/nitride complex couple, we adopted the strategy, developed by Wieghardt et al., of extending the Enemark-Feltham nomenclature to nitrido complexes, rendering [(TIMENMes)Fe(N)]+ as a {Fe-N}8 species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Keilwerth
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry , Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 1 , D-91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Johannes Hohenberger
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry , Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 1 , D-91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry , Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 1 , D-91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Jörg Sutter
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry , Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 1 , D-91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry , Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 1 , D-91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Huayi Fang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion , Stiftstraße 34-36 , D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion , Stiftstraße 34-36 , D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung , Kaiser-Wilhelmplatz 1 , D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany
| | - Shengfa Ye
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung , Kaiser-Wilhelmplatz 1 , D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry , Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 1 , D-91058 Erlangen , Germany
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9
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Confer AM, Vilbert AC, Dey A, Lancaster KM, Goldberg DP. A Mononuclear, Nonheme Fe II-Piloty's Acid (PhSO 2NHOH) Adduct: An Intermediate in the Production of {FeNO} 7/8 Complexes from Piloty's Acid. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:7046-7055. [PMID: 30994347 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b01700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of the mononuclear nonheme complex [FeII(CH3CN)(N3PyS)]BF4 (1) with an HNO donor, Piloty's acid (PhSO2NHOH, P.A.), at low temperature affords a high-spin ( S = 2) FeII-P.A. intermediate (2), characterized by 57Fe Mössbauer and Fe K-edge X-ray absorption (XAS) spectroscopies, with interpretation of both supported by DFT calculations. The combined methods indicate that P.A. anion binds as the N-deprotonated tautomer (PhSO2NOH-) to [FeII(N3PyS)]+, leading to 2. Complex 2 is the first spectroscopically characterized example, to our knowledge, of P.A. anion bound to a redox-active metal center. Warming of 2 above -60 °C yields the stable {FeNO}7 complex [Fe(NO)(N3PyS)]BF4 (4), as evidenced by 1H NMR, ATR-IR, and Mössbauer spectroscopies. Isotope labeling experiments with 15N-labeled P.A. confirm that the nitrosyl ligand in 4 derives from P.A. In contrast, addition of a second equivalent of a strong base leads to S-N cleavage and production of an {FeNO}8 species, the deprotonated analog of an Fe-HNO complex. This work has implications for the targeted delivery of HNO/NO-/NO· to nonheme Fe centers in biological and synthetic applications, and suggests a new role for nonheme FeII complexes in the assisted degradation of HNO donor molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Confer
- Department of Chemistry , The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Avery C Vilbert
- Baker Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Aniruddha Dey
- Department of Chemistry , The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Kyle M Lancaster
- Baker Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - David P Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry , The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
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10
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Pecak J, Stöger B, Mastalir M, Veiros LF, Ferreira LP, Pignitter M, Linert W, Kirchner K. Five-Coordinate Low-Spin {FeNO} 7 PNP Pincer Complexes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:4641-4646. [PMID: 30880390 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of air-stable cationic mono nitrosonium Fe(I) PNP pincer complexes of the type [Fe(PNP)(NO)Cl]+ are described. These complexes are obtained via direct nitroslyation of [Fe(PNP)Cl2] with nitric oxide at ambient pressure. On the basis of magnetic and EPR measurements as well as DFT calculations, these compounds were found to adopt a low-spin d7 configuration and feature a nearly linear bound NO ligand suggesting FeINO+ rather than FeIINO• character. X-ray structures of all nitrosonium Fe(I) PNP complexes are presented. Preliminary investigations reveal that [Fe(PNPNH- iPr)(NO)(Cl)]+ efficiently catalyzes the conversion of primary alcohols and aromatic and benzylic amines to yield mono N-alkylated amines in good isolated yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Pecak
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry , Vienna University of Technology , Getreidemarkt 9 , A-1060 Vienna , Austria
| | - Berthold Stöger
- X-Ray Center , Vienna University of Technology , Getreidemarkt 9 , A-1060 Vienna , Austria
| | - Matthias Mastalir
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry , Vienna University of Technology , Getreidemarkt 9 , A-1060 Vienna , Austria
| | - Luis F Veiros
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico , Universidade de Lisboa , Av. Rovisco Pais No. 1 , 1049-001 Lisboa , Portugal
| | - Liliana P Ferreira
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências , Universidade de Lisboa , 1749-016 Lisboa , Portugal.,Department of Physics , University of Coimbra , 3004-516 Coimbra , Portugal
| | - Marc Pignitter
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Vienna , Althanstrasse 14 , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Wolfgang Linert
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry , Vienna University of Technology , Getreidemarkt 9 , A-1060 Vienna , Austria
| | - Karl Kirchner
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry , Vienna University of Technology , Getreidemarkt 9 , A-1060 Vienna , Austria
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11
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Anneser MR, Elpitiya GR, Powers XB, Jenkins DM. Toward a Porphyrin-Style NHC: A 16-Atom Ringed Dianionic Tetra-NHC Macrocycle and Its Fe(II) and Fe(III) Complexes. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus R. Anneser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Gaya R. Elpitiya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Xian B. Powers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - David M. Jenkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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12
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Schremmer C, Cordes (née Kupper) C, Klawitter I, Bergner M, Schiewer CE, Dechert S, Demeshko S, John M, Meyer F. Spin‐State Variations of Iron(III) Complexes with Tetracarbene Macrocycles. Chemistry 2019; 25:3918-3929. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Schremmer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Göttingen Tammannstr. 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | | | - Iris Klawitter
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Göttingen Tammannstr. 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Marie Bergner
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Göttingen Tammannstr. 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Christine E. Schiewer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Göttingen Tammannstr. 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Göttingen Tammannstr. 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Göttingen Tammannstr. 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Michael John
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Göttingen Tammannstr. 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Göttingen Tammannstr. 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
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13
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Speelman AL, White CJ, Zhang B, Alp EE, Zhao J, Hu M, Krebs C, Penner-Hahn J, Lehnert N. Non-heme High-Spin {FeNO} 6-8 Complexes: One Ligand Platform Can Do It All. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:11341-11359. [PMID: 30107126 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Heme and non-heme iron-nitrosyl complexes are important intermediates in biology. While there are numerous examples of low-spin heme iron-nitrosyl complexes in different oxidation states, much less is known about high-spin (hs) non-heme iron-nitrosyls in oxidation states other than the formally ferrous NO adducts ({FeNO}7 in the Enemark-Feltham notation). In this study, we present a complete series of hs-{FeNO}6-8 complexes using the TMG3tren coligand. Redox transformations from the hs-{FeNO}7 complex [Fe(TMG3tren)(NO)]2+ to its {FeNO}6 and {FeNO}8 analogs do not alter the coordination environment of the iron center, allowing for detailed comparisons between these species. Here, we present new MCD, NRVS, XANES/EXAFS, and Mössbauer data, demonstrating that these redox transformations are metal based, which allows us to access hs-Fe(II)-NO-, Fe(III)-NO-, and Fe(IV)-NO- complexes. Vibrational data, analyzed by NCA, directly quantify changes in Fe-NO bonding along this series. Optical data allow for the identification of a "spectator" charge-transfer transition that, together with Mössbauer and XAS data, directly monitors the electronic changes of the Fe center. Using EXAFS, we are also able to provide structural data for all complexes. The magnetic properties of the complexes are further analyzed (from magnetic Mössbauer). The properties of our hs-{FeNO}6-8 complexes are then contrasted to corresponding, low-spin iron-nitrosyl complexes where redox transformations are generally NO centered. The hs-{FeNO}8 complex can further be protonated by weak acids, and the product of this reaction is characterized. Taken together, these results provide unprecedented insight into the properties of biologically relevant non-heme iron-nitrosyl complexes in three relevant oxidation states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Speelman
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biophysics , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109-1055 , United States
| | - Corey J White
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biophysics , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109-1055 , United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - E Ercan Alp
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Jiyong Zhao
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Michael Hu
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Carsten Krebs
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - James Penner-Hahn
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biophysics , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109-1055 , United States
| | - Nicolai Lehnert
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biophysics , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109-1055 , United States
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14
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Himmelbauer D, Mastalir M, Stöger B, Veiros LF, Pignitter M, Somoza V, Kirchner K. Iron PCP Pincer Complexes in Three Oxidation States: Reversible Ligand Protonation To Afford an Fe(0) Complex with an Agostic C–H Arene Bond. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:7925-7931. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Himmelbauer
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Mastalir
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Berthold Stöger
- X-Ray Center, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Luis F. Veiros
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais No. 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marc Pignitter
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Somoza
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Kirchner
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
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15
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Fei F, Lu T, Yang C, Chen X, Xue Z. Synthesis, Structures, and Catalytic Properties of Dinuclear Iridium(I) Complexes with a Hexadentate Macrocyclic Diamine‐Tetracarbene Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University 210023 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Taotao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University 210023 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Chu‐Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University 210023 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xue‐Tai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University 210023 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Zi‐Ling Xue
- Department of Chemistry University of Tennessee 37996 Knoxville Tennessee USA
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16
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Esteruelas MA, López AM, Oñate E, San-Torcuato A, Tsai JY, Xia C. Preparation of Phosphorescent Iridium(III) Complexes with a Dianionic C,C,C,C-Tetradentate Ligand. Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Esteruelas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana M. López
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ainhoa San-Torcuato
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jui-Yi Tsai
- Universal Display Corporation, 375 Phillips Boulevard, Ewing, New Jersey 08618, United States
| | - Chuanjun Xia
- Universal Display Corporation, 375 Phillips Boulevard, Ewing, New Jersey 08618, United States
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17
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Charra V, de Frémont P, Braunstein P. Multidentate N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of the 3d metals: Synthesis, structure, reactivity and catalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Schneider H, Schmidt D, Eichhöfer A, Radius M, Weigend F, Radius U. Synthesis and Reactivity of NHC‐Stabilized Iron(II)–Mesityl Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Schneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - David Schmidt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Andreas Eichhöfer
- Institut für Nanotechnologie Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Campus Nord, Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Michael Radius
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Campus Süd, Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Florian Weigend
- Institut für Nanotechnologie Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Campus Nord, Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Campus Süd, Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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19
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Fei F, Lu T, Chen XT, Xue ZL. Synthesis and structural characterization of metal complexes with macrocyclic tetracarbene ligands. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj02485a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fourteen Ag(i), Au(i), Ni(ii), Pd(ii) and Pt(ii) complexes were prepared with macrocyclic tetradentate N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Taotao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Xue-Tai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Zi-Ling Xue
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Tennessee
- Knoxville
- USA
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20
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Alabau RG, Esteruelas MA, Oliván M, Oñate E, Palacios AU, Tsai JY, Xia C. Osmium(II) Complexes Containing a Dianionic CCCC-Donor Tetradentate Ligand. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto G. Alabau
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Esteruelas
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Montserrat Oliván
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Adrián U. Palacios
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jui-Yi Tsai
- Universal Display Corporation, 375 Phillips Boulevard, Ewing, New Jersey 08618, United States
| | - Chuanjun Xia
- Universal Display Corporation, 375 Phillips Boulevard, Ewing, New Jersey 08618, United States
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21
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Kupper C, Rees JA, Dechert S, DeBeer S, Meyer F. Complete Series of {FeNO}(8), {FeNO}(7), and {FeNO}(6) Complexes Stabilized by a Tetracarbene Macrocycle. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:7888-98. [PMID: 27191681 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Use of a macrocyclic tetracarbene ligand, which is topologically reminiscent of tetrapyrrole macrocycles though electronically distinct, has allowed for the isolation, X-ray crystallographic characterization and comprehensive spectroscopic investigation of a complete set of {FeNO}(x) complexes (x = 6, 7, 8). Electrochemical reduction, or chemical reduction with CoCp2, of the {FeNO}(7) complex 1 leads to the organometallic {FeNO}(8) species 2. Its crystallographic structure determination is the first for a nonheme iron nitroxyl {FeNO}(8) and has allowed to identify structural trends among the series of {FeNO}(x) complexes. Combined experimental data including (57)Fe Mössbauer, IR, UV-vis-NIR, NMR and Kβ X-ray emission spectroscopies in concert with DFT calculations suggest a largely metal centered reduction of 1 to form the low spin (S = 0) {FeNO}(8) species 2. The very strong σ-donor character of the tetracarbene ligand imparts unusual properties and spectroscopic signatures such as low (57)Fe Mössbauer isomer shifts and linear Fe-N-O units with high IR stretching frequencies for the NO ligand. The observed metal-centered reduction leads to distinct reactivity patterns of the {FeNO}(8) species. In contrast to literature reported {FeNO}(8) complexes, 2 does not undergo NO protonation under strictly anaerobic conditions. Only in the presence of both dioxygen and protons is rapid and clean oxidation to the {FeNO}(7) complex 1 observed. While 1 is stable toward dioxygen, its reaction with dioxygen under NO atmosphere forms the {FeNO}(6)(ONO) complex 3 that features an unusual O-nitrito ligand trans to the NO. 3 is a rare example of a nonheme octahedral {FeNO}(6) complex. Its electrochemical or chemical reduction triggers dissociation of the O-nitrito ligand and sequential formation of the {FeNO}(7) and {FeNO}(8) compounds 1 and 2. A consistent electronic structure picture has been derived for these unique organometallic variants of the key bioinorganic {FeNO}(x) functional units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Kupper
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität , Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julian A Rees
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität , Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität , Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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22
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Chandrachud PP, Bass HM, Jenkins DM. Synthesis of Fully Aliphatic Aziridines with a Macrocyclic Tetracarbene Iron Catalyst. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Preeti P. Chandrachud
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Heather M. Bass
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - David M. Jenkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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23
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Meyer S, Krahe O, Kupper C, Klawitter I, Demeshko S, Bill E, Neese F, Meyer F. A trans-1,2 End-On Disulfide-Bridged Iron–Tetracarbene Dimer and Its Electronic Structure. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:9770-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Meyer
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Krahe
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße
34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Claudia Kupper
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Iris Klawitter
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße
34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Frank Neese
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße
34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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24
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Weiss DT, Altmann PJ, Haslinger S, Jandl C, Pöthig A, Cokoja M, Kühn FE. Structural diversity of late transition metal complexes with flexible tetra-NHC ligands. Dalton Trans 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt02386f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Silver complexes with flexible tetra-NHC ligands were used as transmetalation agent to access a series of d-block metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T. Weiss
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry/Molecular Catalysis
- Department of Chemistry
- Catalysis Research Center
- Technische Universität München
- D-85747 Garching bei München
| | - Philipp J. Altmann
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry/Molecular Catalysis
- Department of Chemistry
- Catalysis Research Center
- Technische Universität München
- D-85747 Garching bei München
| | - Stefan Haslinger
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry/Molecular Catalysis
- Department of Chemistry
- Catalysis Research Center
- Technische Universität München
- D-85747 Garching bei München
| | - Christian Jandl
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry/Molecular Catalysis
- Department of Chemistry
- Catalysis Research Center
- Technische Universität München
- D-85747 Garching bei München
| | - Alexander Pöthig
- Department of Chemistry
- Catalysis Research Center
- Technische Universität München
- D-85747 Garching bei München
- Germany
| | - Mirza Cokoja
- Department of Chemistry
- Technische Universität München
- D-85747 Garching bei München
- Germany
| | - Fritz E. Kühn
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry/Molecular Catalysis
- Department of Chemistry
- Catalysis Research Center
- Technische Universität München
- D-85747 Garching bei München
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