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Alberto R. Role of Pure Technetium Chemistry: Are There Still Links to Applications in Imaging? Inorg Chem 2023; 62:20539-20548. [PMID: 37417737 PMCID: PMC10731660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The discovery and development of new 99mTc-based radiopharmaceuticals or labeled drugs in general is based on innovative, pure chemistry and subsequent, application-targeted research. This was the case for all currently clinically applied imaging agents. Most of them were market-introduced some 20 years ago, and the few more recent ones are based on even older chemistry, albeit technetium chemistry has made substantial progress over the last 20 years. This progress though is not mirrored by new molecular imaging agents and is even accompanied by a steady decrease in the number of groups active in pure and applied technetium chemistry, a contrast to the trends in most other fields in which d-elements play a central role. The decrease in research with technetium has been partly counterbalanced by a strong increase of research activities with homologous, cold rhenium compounds for therapy, disclosing in the future eventually a quite unique opportunity for theranostics. This Viewpoint analyzes the pathways that led to radiopharmaceuticals in the past and their underlying fundamental contributions. It attempts to tackle the question of why new chemistry still does not lead to new imaging agents, i.e., the question of whether pure technetium chemistry is still needed at all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Alberto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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2
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Kelderman CAA, Maclean RC, Hungnes IN, Davey PRWJ, Salimova E, de Veer M, Patel N, Ma MT, Paterson BM. Technetium Nitrido Complexes of Tetradentate Thiosemicarbazones: Kit-Based Radiolabeling, Characterization, and In Vivo Evaluation. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:20791-20805. [PMID: 37855107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Bis(thiosemicarbazone) and pyridylhydrazone-thiosemicarbazone chelators have demonstrated utility in nuclear medicine. In particular, the 64Cu2+ complexes have been extensively developed for hypoxia imaging and molecular imaging of peptide and protein markers of disease. However, the chemistry and application of bis(thiosemicarbazone) and pyridylhydrazone-thiosemicarbazone chelators in combination with 99mTc, the most widely used radionuclide in nuclear medicine, is underexplored. Herein, a series of bis(thiosemicarbazone) and pyridylhydrazone-thiosemicarbazone chelators were radiolabeled with nitrido-technetium-99m in an optimized one-pot synthesis from [99mTc]TcO4-. Optimization of the radiochemical syntheses allowed for production of the complexes in >90% radiochemical conversion with apparent molar activities of 3.3-5 GBq/μmol. Competition experiments demonstrated the excellent stability of the complexes. The nitrido-technetium-99 complexes were synthesized, and the chemical identities were investigated using mass spectrometry, spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. Complexation of nitrido-rhenium(V) was achieved with the N4-dialkylated bis(thiosemicarbazones). Planar imaging and ex vivo biodistribution studies of the five 99mTc complexes were conducted on healthy BALB/c mice to determine in vivo behavior. The lipophilic nature of the complexes resulted in uptake of 1.6-5.7% ID g-1 in the brain at 2 min postinjection and retention of 0.4-1.7% ID g-1 at 15 min postinjection. The stability of the complexes and the biodistribution data demonstrate that these chelators are ideal platforms for future production of radiopharmaceutical candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel C Maclean
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ingebjørg N Hungnes
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick R W J Davey
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Salimova
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Michael de Veer
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Natasha Patel
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle T Ma
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Brett M Paterson
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Kelderman CAA, Davey PRWJ, Ma MT, de Veer M, Salimova E, Donnelly PS, Paterson BM. Hexadentate technetium-99m bis(thiosemicarbazonato) complexes: synthesis, characterisation and biodistribution. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:14064-14078. [PMID: 35822662 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01264b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of non-oxido/non-nitrido bis(thiosemicarbazonato)technetium(V) complexes featuring a series of alkyl and ether substituents is presented. The bis(thiosemicarbazones) were radiolabelled with technetium-99m using an optimised one-pot synthesis from [99mTc][TcO4]-. Mass spectrometry and computational chemistry data suggested a distorted trigonal prismatic coordination environment for the bis(thiosemicarbazonato)technetium(V) complexes by way of a bis(thiosemicarbazone)technetium(V)-oxido intermediate complex. The lipophilicities of the complexes were estimated using distribution ratios and three of the new complexes were investigated in mice using kinetic planar imaging and ex vivo biodistribution experiments and were compared to [99mTc][TcO4]-. Modification of the technetium complexes with various lipophilic functional groups altered the biodistributions of the complexes in mice despite evidence suggesting limited stability of the complexes to biologically relevant conditions. The most hydrophilic complex had higher uptake in the kidneys compared to the most lipophilic, which had higher liver uptake, suggesting modification of the excretion pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michelle T Ma
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Michael de Veer
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Ekaterina Salimova
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Paul S Donnelly
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Brett M Paterson
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia. .,Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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4
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Dinh Le C, Thang Pham C, Huy Nguyen H. Syntheses, Structures and Cytotoxicity of Cu(II) Complexes with α‐Amino acid derived Benzamidines. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Canh Dinh Le
- Department of Chemistry Quy Nhon University 170 An Duong Vuong Quy Nhon Vietnam
| | - Chien Thang Pham
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem 10021 Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Hung Huy Nguyen
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem 10021 Hanoi Vietnam
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Taha I, Keshk EM, Khalil AGM, Fekri A. Benzocaine as a precursor of promising derivatives: synthesis, reactions, and biological activity. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01808-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sergienko VS, Churakov AV. Crystal Structure of Monomeric Octahedral Monooxo d
2-Rhenium(V) Complexes [ReO($${\text{L}}_{{{\text{penta}}}}^{n}$$)] with Oxygen-Containing Pentadentate-Chelate Ligands. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023621070111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Borges AP, Possato B, Hagenbach A, Machado AE, Deflon VM, Abram U, Maia PI. Re(V) complexes containing the phenylimido (NPh2−) core and SNS-thiosemicarbazide ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Salsi F, Bulhões Portapilla G, Simon S, Roca Jungfer M, Hagenbach A, de Albuquerque S, Abram U. Effect of Fluorination on the Structure and Anti-Trypanosoma cruzy Activity of Oxorhenium(V) Complexes with S,N,S-Tridentate Thiosemicarbazones and Benzoylthioureas. Synthesis and Structures of Technetium(V) Analogues. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:10129-10138. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Salsi
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gisele Bulhões Portapilla
- Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Cafe - Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Saskia Simon
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian Roca Jungfer
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Adelheid Hagenbach
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sérgio de Albuquerque
- Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Cafe - Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Ulrich Abram
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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Recent developments in penta-, hexa- and heptadentate Schiff base ligands and their metal complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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10
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Ruthenium(II) carbonyl complexes containing thiourea ligand: Enhancing the biological assets through biomolecules interaction and enzyme mimetic activities. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-019-2357-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Liu J, Su X, Han M, Wu D, Gray DL, Shapley JR, Werth CJ, Strathmann TJ. Ligand Design for Isomer-Selective Oxorhenium(V) Complex Synthesis. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:1757-1769. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b03076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyong Liu
- Department of Chemical
and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Xiaoge Su
- Department
of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | | | - Dimao Wu
- Department of
Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | | | - Charles J. Werth
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental
Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Timothy J. Strathmann
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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12
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Gomez JDC, Hagenbach A, Gerling-Driessen UIM, Koksch B, Beindorff N, Brenner W, Abram U. Thiourea derivatives as chelating agents for bioconjugation of rhenium and technetium. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:14602-14611. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01834g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A99mTc complex with a tetradentate thiocarbamoylbenzamidine group was used for the conjugation of angiotensin-II. The resulting bioconjugate is stablein vivoandin vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. D. Castillo Gomez
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- D-14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - A. Hagenbach
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- D-14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | | | - B. Koksch
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- D-14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - N. Beindorff
- Berlin Experimental Radionuclide Imaging Center (BERIC)
- D-13353 Berlin
- Germany
| | - W. Brenner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine
- Charité
- Campus Virchow Klinikum
- D-13353 Berlin
- Germany
| | - U. Abram
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- D-14195 Berlin
- Germany
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Castillo Gomez JD, Hagenbach A, Abram U. Propargyl‐Substituted Thiocarbamoylbenzamidines of Technetium and Rhenium: Steps towards Bioconjugation with Use of Click Chemistry. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201601039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adelheid Hagenbach
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstr. 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Ulrich Abram
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstr. 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
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14
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Castillo Gomez JD, Balcazar E, Hagenbach A, Njiki Noufele C, Abram U. Benzoylamido-substituted thiazoles and thiazolidines and their rhenium complexes. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Liu J, Wu D, Su X, Han M, Kimura SY, Gray DL, Shapley JR, Abu-Omar MM, Werth CJ, Strathmann TJ. Configuration Control in the Synthesis of Homo- and Heteroleptic Bis(oxazolinylphenolato/thiazolinylphenolato) Chelate Ligand Complexes of Oxorhenium(V): Isomer Effect on Ancillary Ligand Exchange Dynamics and Implications for Perchlorate Reduction Catalysis. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:2597-611. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyong Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Dimao Wu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Xiaoge Su
- Pure Storage Inc., Mountain View, California 94041, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Mahdi M. Abu-Omar
- Department of Chemistry and School of Chemical
Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Charles J. Werth
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Timothy J. Strathmann
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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ReVO and ReVNPh complexes with pentadentate benzamidines – Synthesis, structural characterization and DFT evaluation of isomeric complexes. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.07.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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