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Roy M, Dey A, Dey SG. Rapid autoxidation of ferrous heme-Aβ complexes relevant to Alzheimer's disease. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1940-1943. [PMID: 38273797 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05025d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Heme bound Aβ peptides have been reported to reduce O2 by 2e- to H2O2 which may result in oxidative stress commonly encountered in Alzheimer's disease. In this study we report the first instance of rapid freeze quench trapping and characterizing the heme(III)-O2˙- intermediate involved in the heme-Aβ induced formation of partially reduced oxygen species (PROS) in physiologically relevant aqueous medium using absorption and resonance Raman spectroscopy. The kinetics of this process indicates a key role of the Tyr10 residue, unique to human Aβ, in the generation of H2O2 from O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuparna Roy
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, School of Chemical Sciences, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Abhishek Dey
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, School of Chemical Sciences, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Somdatta Ghosh Dey
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, School of Chemical Sciences, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
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2
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Dey C, Roy M, Dey A, Ghosh Dey S. Heme-Aβ in SDS micellar environment: Active site environment and reactivity. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 246:112271. [PMID: 37301164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that causes brain cell death. Oxidative stress derived from the accumulation of redox cofactors like heme in amyloid plaques originating from amyloid β (Aβ) peptides has been implicated in the pathogenesis of AD. In the past our group has studied the interactions and reactivities of heme with soluble oligomeric and aggregated forms of Aβ. In this manuscript we report the interaction of heme with Aβ that remains membrane bound using membrane mimetic SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) micellar medium. Employing different spectroscopic techniques viz. circular dichroism (CD), absorption (UV-Vis), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and resonance Raman (rR) we find that Aβ binds heme using one of its three His (preferentially His13) in SDS micellar medium. We also find that Arg5 is an essential distal residue responsible for higher peroxidase activity of heme bound Aβ in this membrane mimetic environment than free heme. This peroxidase activity exerted by even membrane bound heme-Aβ can potentially be more detrimental as the active site remains close to membranes and can hence oxidise the lipid bilayer of the neuronal cell, which can induce cell apoptosis. Thus, heme-Aβ in solution as well as in membrane-bound form are detrimental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Madhuparna Roy
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Abhishek Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Somdatta Ghosh Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Pal I, Dey SG. The Role of Heme and Copper in Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. JACS AU 2023; 3:657-681. [PMID: 37006768 PMCID: PMC10052274 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Beyond the well-explored proposition of protein aggregation or amyloidosis as the central event in amyloidogenic diseases like Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2Dm); there are alternative hypotheses, now becoming increasingly evident, which suggest that the small biomolecules like redox noninnocent metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, etc.) and cofactors (Heme) have a definite influence in the onset and extent of such degenerative maladies. Dyshomeostasis of these components remains as one of the common features in both AD and T2Dm etiology. Recent advances in this course reveal that the metal/cofactor-peptide interactions and covalent binding can alarmingly enhance and modify the toxic reactivities, oxidize vital biomolecules, significantly contribute to the oxidative stress leading to cell apoptosis, and may precede the amyloid fibrils formation by altering their native folds. This perspective highlights this aspect of amyloidogenic pathology which revolves around the impact of the metals and cofactors in the pathogenic courses of AD and T2Dm including the active site environments, altered reactivities, and the probable mechanisms involving some highly reactive intermediates as well. It also discusses some in vitro metal chelation or heme sequestration strategies which might serve as a possible remedy. These findings might open up a new paradigm in our conventional understanding of amyloidogenic diseases. Moreover, the interaction of the active sites with small molecules elucidates potential biochemical reactivities that can inspire designing of drug candidates for such pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Pal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick
Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Somdatta Ghosh Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick
Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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Nath AK, Roy M, Dey C, Dey A, Dey SG. Spin state dependent peroxidase activity of heme bound amyloid β peptides relevant to Alzheimer's disease. Chem Sci 2022; 13:14305-14319. [PMID: 36545147 PMCID: PMC9749105 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05008k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The colocalization of heme rich deposits in the senile plaque of Aβ in the cerebral cortex of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain along with altered heme homeostasis and heme deficiency symptoms in AD patients has invoked the association of heme in AD pathology. Heme bound Aβ complexes, depending on the concentration of the complex or peptide to heme ratio, exhibit an equilibrium between a high-spin mono-His bound peroxidase-type active site and a low-spin bis-His bound cytochrome b type active site. The high-spin heme-Aβ complex shows higher peroxidase activity than free heme, where compound I is the reactive oxidant. It is also capable of oxidizing neurotransmitters like serotonin in the presence of peroxide, owing to the formation of compound I. The low-spin bis-His heme-Aβ complex on the other hand shows enhanced peroxidase activity relative to high-spin heme-Aβ. It reacts with H2O2 to produce two stable intermediates, compound 0 and compound I, which are characterized by absorption, EPR and resonance Raman spectroscopy. The stability of compound I of low-spin heme-Aβ is accountable for its enhanced peroxidase activity and oxidation of the neurotransmitter serotonin. The effect of the second sphere Tyr10 residue of Aβ on the formation and stability of the intermediates of low-spin heme-Aβ has also been investigated. The higher stability of compound I for low-spin heme-Aβ is likely due to H-bonding interactions involving Tyr10 in the distal pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Kumar Nath
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, JadavpurKolkata 700032India
| | - Madhuparna Roy
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, JadavpurKolkata 700032India
| | - Chinmay Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, JadavpurKolkata 700032India
| | - Abhishek Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, JadavpurKolkata 700032India
| | - Somdatta Ghosh Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, JadavpurKolkata 700032India
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Lukas J, Družeta I, Kühl T. Comparative studies of soluble and immobilized Fe(III) heme-peptide complexes as alternative heterogeneous biocatalysts. Biol Chem 2022; 403:1099-1105. [PMID: 36257922 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2022-0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Fe(III) heme is known to possess low catalytic activity when exposed to hydrogen peroxide and a reducing substrate. Efficient non-covalently linked Fe(III) heme-peptide complexes may represent suitable alternatives as a new group of green catalysts. Here, we evaluated a set of heme-peptide complexes by determination of their peroxidase-like activity and the kinetics of the catalytic conversion in both, the soluble and the immobilized state. We show the impact of peptide length on binding of the peptides to Fe(III) heme and the catalytic activity. Immobilization of the peptide onto a polymer support maintains the catalytic performance of the Fe(III) heme-peptide complex. This study thus opens up a new perspective with regard to the development of heterogeneous biocatalysts with a peroxidase-like activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey Lukas
- Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ivona Družeta
- Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Toni Kühl
- Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121, Bonn, Germany
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Roy M, Nath AK, Pal I, Dey SG. Second Sphere Interactions in Amyloidogenic Diseases. Chem Rev 2022; 122:12132-12206. [PMID: 35471949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Amyloids are protein aggregates bearing a highly ordered cross β structural motif, which may be functional but are mostly pathogenic. Their formation, deposition in tissues and consequent organ dysfunction is the central event in amyloidogenic diseases. Such protein aggregation may be brought about by conformational changes, and much attention has been directed toward factors like metal binding, post-translational modifications, mutations of protein etc., which eventually affect the reactivity and cytotoxicity of the associated proteins. Over the past decade, a global effort from different groups working on these misfolded/unfolded proteins/peptides has revealed that the amino acid residues in the second coordination sphere of the active sites of amyloidogenic proteins/peptides cause changes in H-bonding pattern or protein-protein interactions, which dramatically alter the structure and reactivity of these proteins/peptides. These second sphere effects not only determine the binding of transition metals and cofactors, which define the pathology of some of these diseases, but also change the mechanism of redox reactions catalyzed by these proteins/peptides and form the basis of oxidative damage associated with these amyloidogenic diseases. The present review seeks to discuss such second sphere modifications and their ramifications in the etiopathology of some representative amyloidogenic diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2Dm), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuparna Roy
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Arnab Kumar Nath
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ishita Pal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Somdatta Ghosh Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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Nath AK, Dey SG. Simultaneous Binding of Heme and Cu to Amyloid β Peptides: Active Site and Reactivities. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:4986-4999. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00162d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid imbalance and Aβ plaque formation are key histopathological features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). These amyloid plaques observed in post-mortem AD brains have been found to contain increased levels of...
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Ding M, Shu Q, Zhang N, Yan C, Niu H, Li X, Guan P, Hu X. Electrochemical Immunosensor for the Sensitive Detection of Alzheimer's Biomarker Amyloid‐β (1–42) Using the Heme‐amyloid‐β (1–42) Complex as the Signal Source. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minling Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Qi Shu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Chaoren Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Huizhe Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Ping Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
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Roy M, Pal I, Dey C, Dey A, Dey SG. Electronic structure and reactivity of heme bound insulin. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424621500346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance as well as insulin deficiency are said to be principal to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2Dm). Heme has also been suggested to play an important role in the disease etiology since many of the heme deficiency symptoms constitute the common pathological features of T2Dm. Besides, iron overload, higher heme iron intake and transfusion requiring diseases are associated with a higher risk of T2Dm development. In this study the interaction between these two key components i.e. heme and insulin has been studied spectroscopically under different conditions which include the effect of excess peptide as well as increasing pH. The resultant heme-insulin complexes in their reduced state are found to produce very little partially reduced oxygen species (PROS) on getting oxidized by molecular oxygen. The interaction between insulin and previously reported T2Dm relevant heme-amylin complex were also examined using absorption and resonance Raman spectroscopy. The corresponding data suggest that insulin sequesters heme from heme-amylin to form the much less cytotoxic heme-insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuparna Roy
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ishita Pal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Chinmay Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Abhishek Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Somdatta Ghosh Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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g-C3N4-heme bound to amyloid β peptides: In-situ generation of the secondary co-reactant for dual-enhanced electrochemiluminescence assay of amyloid β detection. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Bacchella C, Brewster JT, Bähring S, Dell’Acqua S, Root HD, Thiabaud GD, Reuther JF, Monzani E, Sessler JL, Casella L. Condition-Dependent Coordination and Peroxidase Activity of Hemin-Aβ Complexes. Molecules 2020; 25:E5044. [PMID: 33143109 PMCID: PMC7662341 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The peroxidase activity of hemin-peptide complexes remains a potential factor in oxidative damage relevant to neurodegeneration. Here, we present the effect of temperature, ionic strength, and pH relevant to pathophysiological conditions on the dynamic equilibrium between high-spin and low-spin hemin-Aβ40 constructs. This influence on peroxidase activity was also demonstrated using 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and dopamine (DA) oxidation rate analyses with increasing ratios of Aβ16 and Aβ40 (up to 100 equivalents). Interaction and reactivity studies of aggregated Aβ40-hemin revealed enhanced peroxidase activity versus hemin alone. Comparison of the results obtained using Aβ16 and Aβ40 amyloid beta peptides revealed marked differences and provide insight into the potential effects of hemin-Aβ on neurological disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bacchella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (C.B.); (S.D.); (E.M.)
| | - James T. Brewster
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th, Street-Stop A5300, Austin, TX 78712-1224, USA; (J.T.B.II); (H.D.R.); (G.D.T.); (J.F.R.)
| | - Steffen Bähring
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Simone Dell’Acqua
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (C.B.); (S.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Harrison D. Root
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th, Street-Stop A5300, Austin, TX 78712-1224, USA; (J.T.B.II); (H.D.R.); (G.D.T.); (J.F.R.)
| | - Gregory D. Thiabaud
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th, Street-Stop A5300, Austin, TX 78712-1224, USA; (J.T.B.II); (H.D.R.); (G.D.T.); (J.F.R.)
| | - James F. Reuther
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th, Street-Stop A5300, Austin, TX 78712-1224, USA; (J.T.B.II); (H.D.R.); (G.D.T.); (J.F.R.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (C.B.); (S.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Jonathan L. Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th, Street-Stop A5300, Austin, TX 78712-1224, USA; (J.T.B.II); (H.D.R.); (G.D.T.); (J.F.R.)
| | - Luigi Casella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (C.B.); (S.D.); (E.M.)
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Roy M, Pal I, Nath AK, Dey SG. Peroxidase activity of heme bound amyloid β peptides associated with Alzheimer's disease. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:4505-4518. [PMID: 32297620 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09758a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The amyloid cascade hypothesis attributes the neurodegeneration observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) to the deposition of the amyloid β (Aβ) peptide into plaques and fibrils in the AD brain. The metal ion hypothesis which implicates several metal ions, viz. Zn2+, Cu2+ and Fe3+, in the AD pathology on account of their abnormal accumulation in the Aβ plaques along with an overall dyshomeostasis of these metals in the AD brain was proposed a while back. Metal ion chelators and ionophores, put forward as possible drug candidates for AD, are yet to succeed in clinical trials. Heme, which is widely distributed in the mammalian body as the prosthetic group of several important proteins and enzymes, has been thought to be associated with AD by virtue of its colocalization in the Aβ plaques along with the similarity of several heme deficiency symptoms with those of AD and most importantly, due to its ability to bind Aβ. This feature article illustrates the active site environment of heme-Aβ which resembles those of peroxidases. It also discusses the peroxidase activity of heme-Aβ, its ability to effect oxidative degradation of neurotransmitters like serotonin and also the identification of the highly reactive high-valent intermediate, compound I. The effect of second sphere residues on the formation and peroxidase activity of heme-Aβ along with the generation and decay of compound I is highlighted throughout the article. The reactivities of heme bound Aβ peptides give an alternative theory to understand the possible cause of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuparna Roy
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Nath AK, Ghosh C, Roy M, Seal M, Ghosh Dey S. Nitrite reductase activity of heme and copper bound Aβ peptides. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:7451-7461. [PMID: 31086893 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00914k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A significant abundance of copper (Cu) and iron in amyloid β (Aβ) plaques, and several heme related metabolic disorders are directly correlated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and these together with co-localization of Aβ plaques with heme rich deposits in the brains of AD sufferers indicates a possible association of the said metals with the disease. Recently, the Aβ peptides have been found to bind heme and Cu individually as well as simultaneously. Another significant finding relevant to this is the lower levels of nitrite and nitrate found in the brains of patients suffering from AD. In this study, a combination of absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and kinetic assays have been used to study the interaction of nitrite with the metal bound Aβ complexes. The data indicate that heme(III)-Cu(i)-Aβ, heme(II)-Cu(i)-Aβ, heme(II)-Aβ and Cu(i)-Aβ can reduce nitrite to nitric oxide (NO), an important biological messenger also related to AD, and thus behave as nitrite reductases. However these complexes reduce nitrite at different rates with heme(III)-Cu(i)-Aβ being the fastest following an inner sphere electron transfer mechanism. The rest of the metal-Aβ adducts follow an outer sphere electron transfer mechanism during nitrite reduction. Protonation from the Arg5 residue triggering the N-O bond heterolysis in heme(III) bound nitrite with a simultaneous electron transfer from the Cu(i) center to produce NO is the rate determining step, indicating a proton transfer followed by electron transfer (PTET) mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Kumar Nath
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Chandradeep Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Madhuparna Roy
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Manas Seal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Somdatta Ghosh Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Xu J, Yu X, Zhang Y, Liu N, Guan S, Wang L. Extending Lifespan of Alzheimer’s Mode Nematode CL4176 Using a Novel Bifunctional Peptide with Inhibition of β-Amyloid Aggregation and Anti-oxidation. Chem Res Chin Univ 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-019-8299-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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15
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Valiente-Gabioud AA, Riedel D, Outeiro TF, Menacho-Márquez MA, Griesinger C, Fernández CO. Binding Modes of Phthalocyanines to Amyloid β Peptide and Their Effects on Amyloid Fibril Formation. Biophys J 2019. [PMID: 29539391 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The inherent tendency of proteins to convert from their native states into amyloid aggregates is associated with a range of human disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. In that sense, the use of small molecules as probes for the structural and toxic mechanism related to amyloid aggregation has become an active area of research. Compared with other compounds, the structural and molecular basis behind the inhibitory interaction of phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate (PcTS) with proteins such as αS and tau has been well established, contributing to a better understanding of the amyloid aggregation process in these proteins. We present here the structural characterization of the binding of PcTS and its Cu(II) and Zn(II)-loaded forms to the amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) and the impact of these interactions on the peptide amyloid fibril assembly. Elucidation of the PcTS binding modes to Aβ40 revealed the involvement of specific aromatic and hydrophobic interactions in the formation of the Aβ40-PcTS complex, ascribed to a binding mode in which the planarity and hydrophobicity of the aromatic ring system in the phthalocyanine act as main structural determinants for the interaction. Our results demonstrated that formation of the Aβ40-PcTS complex does not interfere with the progression of the peptide toward the formation of amyloid fibrils. On the other hand, conjugation of Zn(II) but not Cu(II) at the center of the PcTS macrocyclic ring modified substantially the binding profile of this phthalocyanine to Aβ40 and became crucial to reverse the effects of metal-free PcTS on the fibril assembly of the peptide. Overall, our results provide a firm basis to understand the structural rules directing phthalocyanine-protein interactions and their implications on the amyloid fibril assembly of the target proteins; in particular, our results contradict the hypothesis that PcTS might have similar mechanisms of action in slowing the formation of a variety of pathological aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel A Valiente-Gabioud
- Max Planck Laboratory for Structural Biology, Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics of Rosario (MPLbioR, UNR-MPIbpC) and Instituto de Investigaciones para el Descubrimiento de Fármacos de Rosario (IIDEFAR, UNR-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Dietmar Riedel
- Facility for Transmission Electron Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tiago F Outeiro
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration; Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mauricio A Menacho-Márquez
- Max Planck Laboratory for Structural Biology, Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics of Rosario (MPLbioR, UNR-MPIbpC) and Instituto de Investigaciones para el Descubrimiento de Fármacos de Rosario (IIDEFAR, UNR-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Christian Griesinger
- Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Department of NMR-Based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claudio O Fernández
- Max Planck Laboratory for Structural Biology, Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics of Rosario (MPLbioR, UNR-MPIbpC) and Instituto de Investigaciones para el Descubrimiento de Fármacos de Rosario (IIDEFAR, UNR-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario, Argentina; Department of NMR-Based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.
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16
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Rana M, Sharma AK. Cu and Zn interactions with Aβ peptides: consequence of coordination on aggregation and formation of neurotoxic soluble Aβ oligomers. Metallomics 2019; 11:64-84. [DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00203g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The coordination chemistry of transition metal ions (Fe, Cu, Zn) with the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides has attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to its repercussions in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Rana
- Department of Chemistry
- Central University of Rajasthan
- Ajmer 305817
- India
| | - Anuj Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- Central University of Rajasthan
- Ajmer 305817
- India
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17
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Sankar SB, Donegan RK, Shah KJ, Reddi AR, Wood LB. Heme and hemoglobin suppress amyloid β-mediated inflammatory activation of mouse astrocytes. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:11358-11373. [PMID: 29871926 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glial immune activity is a key feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Given that the blood factors heme and hemoglobin (Hb) are both elevated in AD tissues and have immunomodulatory roles, here we sought to interrogate their roles in modulating β-amyloid (Aβ)-mediated inflammatory activation of astrocytes. We discovered that heme and Hb suppress immune activity of primary mouse astrocytes by reducing expression of several proinflammatory cytokines (e.g. RANTES (regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted)) and the scavenger receptor CD36 and reducing internalization of Aβ(1-42) by astrocytes. Moreover, we found that certain soluble (>75-kDa) Aβ(1-42) oligomers are primarily responsible for astrocyte activation and that heme or Hb association with these oligomers reverses inflammation. We further found that heme up-regulates phosphoprotein signaling in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway, which regulates a number of immune functions, including cytokine expression and phagocytosis. The findings in this work suggest that dysregulation of Hb and heme levels in AD brains may contribute to impaired amyloid clearance and that targeting heme homeostasis may reduce amyloid pathogenesis. Altogether, we propose heme as a critical molecular link between amyloid pathology and AD risk factors, such as aging, brain injury, and stroke, which increase Hb and heme levels in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitara B Sankar
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Rebecca K Donegan
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Kajol J Shah
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Amit R Reddi
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332; Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332.
| | - Levi B Wood
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332; Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332; George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332.
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18
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Devitt G, Howard K, Mudher A, Mahajan S. Raman Spectroscopy: An Emerging Tool in Neurodegenerative Disease Research and Diagnosis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:404-420. [PMID: 29308873 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis underlining many neurodegenerative diseases remains incompletely understood. The lack of effective biomarkers and disease preventative medicine demands the development of new techniques to efficiently probe the mechanisms of disease and to detect early biomarkers predictive of disease onset. Raman spectroscopy is an established technique that allows the label-free fingerprinting and imaging of molecules based on their chemical constitution and structure. While analysis of isolated biological molecules has been widespread in the chemical community, applications of Raman spectroscopy to study clinically relevant biological species, disease pathogenesis, and diagnosis have been rapidly increasing since the past decade. The growing number of biomedical applications has shown the potential of Raman spectroscopy for detection of novel biomarkers that could enable the rapid and accurate screening of disease susceptibility and onset. Here we provide an overview of Raman spectroscopy and related techniques and their application to neurodegenerative diseases. We further discuss their potential utility in research, biomarker detection, and diagnosis. Challenges to routine use of Raman spectroscopy in the context of neuroscience research are also presented.
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19
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Villari V, Tosto R, Di Natale G, Sinopoli A, Tomasello MF, Lazzaro S, Micali N, Pappalardo G. A Metalloporphyrin-Peptide Conjugate as an Effective Inhibitor of Amyloid-β Peptide Fibrillation and Cytotoxicity. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Villari
- CNR-IPCF Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici; V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 37 98158 Messina Italy
| | - Rita Tosto
- CNR-IBB Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini; Via Paolo Gaifami 18 95126 Catania Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Natale
- CNR-IBB Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini; Via Paolo Gaifami 18 95126 Catania Italy
| | - Alessandro Sinopoli
- PhD Program in Translational Biomedicine, Università di Catania; Viale A. Doria 6 95125 Catania Italy
| | - Marianna F. Tomasello
- CNR-IBB Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini; Via Paolo Gaifami 18 95126 Catania Italy
| | - Serena Lazzaro
- Marie Curie action Incipit-Cofund project; PhD Program in Chemical Sciences, CNR-IBB Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini Via Paolo Gaifami 18; 95126 Catania Italy
| | - Norberto Micali
- CNR-IPCF Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici; V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 37 98158 Messina Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pappalardo
- CNR-IBB Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini; Via Paolo Gaifami 18 95126 Catania Italy
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20
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Mukherjee S, Ghosh C, Seal M, Dey SG. Copper induced spin state change of heme–Aβ associated with Alzheimer's disease. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:13171-13175. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01700f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Binding of Cu(ii) not only drives the conversion of the benign bis-His bound low spin heme(iii)–Aβ complex to the detrimental mono-His high spin form, even in the presence of excess Aβ, but it also forms the most toxic heme(iii)–Cu(ii)–Aβ species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata
- India 700032
| | - Chandradeep Ghosh
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata
- India 700032
| | - Manas Seal
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata
- India 700032
| | - Somdatta Ghosh Dey
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata
- India 700032
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21
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Seal M, Mukherjee S, Dey SG. Fe–oxy adducts of heme–Aβ and heme–hIAPP complexes: intermediates in ROS generation. Metallomics 2016; 8:1266-1272. [DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00214e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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