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Bao W, Huang S, Tranca D, Feng B, Qiu F, Rodríguez-Hernández F, Ke C, Han S, Zhuang X. Molecular Engineering of Co II Porphyrins with Asymmetric Architecture for Improved Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200090. [PMID: 35229489 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) based on molecular catalysts has attracted more attention, owing to their well-defined active sites and rational structural design. Metal porphyrins (PorMs) have the extended π-conjugated backbone with different transition metals, endowing them with unique CO2 reduction properties. However, few works focus on the investigation of symmetric architecture of PorMs as well as their aggregation behavior to CO2 reduction. In this work, a series of CoII porphyrins (PorCos) with symmetric and asymmetric substituents were used as model of molecular catalysts for CO2 reduction. Owing to the electron donating effect of 2,6-dimethylbenzene (DMB), bandgaps of the complexes became narrower with the increasing number of DMB. As electrocatalysts, all PorCos exhibited promising electrocatalytic CO2 reduction performance. Among the three molecules, asymmetric CoII porphyrin (as-PorCo) showed the lowest onset potential of -288 mV and faradaic efficiencies exceeding 93 % at -0.6 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode, which is highly competitive among the reported state-of-art porphyrin-based electrocatalysts. The CO2 reduction performance depended on π-π stacking between PorCo with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and adjacent PorCos, which could be readily controlled by atomically positioned DMB in PorCo. Density functional theory calculations also suggested that the charge density between PorCo and CNT was highest due to the weak steric hindrance in as-PorCo, providing the new insight into molecular design of catalysts for efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Bao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai, 201418, P. R. China
| | - Senhe Huang
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Diana Tranca
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Boxu Feng
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai, 201418, P. R. China
| | | | - Changchun Ke
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Han
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai, 201418, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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Cao H, Wang J, Li J. Nitrato(5,10,15,20-tetra-phenyl-porphinato)manganese(III)-benzene- n-hexa-ne (2/1/1). IUCRDATA 2022; 7:x220386. [PMID: 36337691 PMCID: PMC9462026 DOI: 10.1107/s2414314622003868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The crystal structure of solvated [Mn(TPP)(NO3)] (TPP = 5,10,15,20-tetra-phenyl-porphyrinato, C44H28N4), [Mn(C44H28N4O3)(NO3)]·0.5C6H14·0.5C6H6, has been determined in the space group Pccn. The MnIII atom has a distorted square-pyramidal environment, being coordinated by four pyrrole N atoms of the porphyrin ligand in the basal plane and an O atom of the nitrato ligand in the apical site. The MnIII atom is displaced out of the porphyrin plane by 0.22 (4) Å with the average Mn-Np distance being 2.011 (6) Å (where Np is a porphyrin N atom). The Mn-O bond length is 2.1246 (18) Å. Two kinds of inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds exist in the crystal structure, with the apical nitrato ligands inter-acting with solvent mol-ecules and adjacent mol-ecules, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Cao
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules, Magnetic Information Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyu Road, Taiyuan 030032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules, Magnetic Information Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyu Road, Taiyuan 030032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- College of Materials Science and Opto-electronic Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqi Lake, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, People’s Republic of China
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Yuan Y, Li J. ([2.2.2]Cryptand)potassium (4-methyl-benzene-thiol-ato)[5,10,15,20-tetra-kis-(4-chloro-phen-yl)porphyr-inato]manganate(II) tetra-hydro-furan disolvate. IUCRDATA 2022; 7:x220241. [PMID: 36339808 PMCID: PMC9462021 DOI: 10.1107/s2414314622002413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Single crystals of the title compound, [K(C18H36N2O6)][Mn(C44H24Cl4N4)(C7H7S)]·2C4H8O, were obtained by the solvent evaporation method. The MnII cation is coordinated by four pyrrole N atoms (Np) of the porphyrin ring and one S atom of the apical 4-methyl-benzene-thiol-ate ligand with the average Mn-Np and the apical Mn-S bond lengths being 2.160 (9) and 2.4642 (8) Å, respectively. Two tetra-hydro-furan solvent mol-ecules and a potassium cation chelated inside a [2.2.2]cryptand (4,7,13,16,21,24-hexa-oxa-1,10-di-aza-bicyclo[8.8.8]hexa-cosa-ne) are also present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Yuan
- College of Materials Science and Opto-electronic Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & Center of, Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqi Lake, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- College of Materials Science and Opto-electronic Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & Center of, Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqi Lake, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, People’s Republic of China
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Zhao J, Qian F, Guo W, Li J, Lin Z. Linkage Isomers of 4-Methylimidazolate Mn(II) Porphyrinates: Hindered or Unhindered? Inorg Chem 2021; 60:7465-7474. [PMID: 33947188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Three different manganese(II) porphyrins have been exploited to react with 4-methylimidazolate (4-MeIm-), and the five-coordinate products are characterized by ultraviolet-visible, single-crystal X-ray, and electronic paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies. Interestingly, 4-MeIm- is found to bond to the metal center through either of the two N atoms (N1 or N3), which yielded two linkage isomers with either an unhindered or a hindered ligand conformation, respectively. Investigations revealed it is the large metal out-of-plane displacements (Δ24 and Δ4 ≥ 0.59 Å) that have rendered the equivalence of two isomers with a small energy difference (5.2-8.3 kJ/mol). The nonbonded intra- and intermolecular interactions thus become crucial factors in the balance of linkage isomerization. All of the products in both solution and solid states show the same characteristic resonances of high-spin Mn(II) (S = 5/2) with g⊥ ≈ 5.9 and g∥ ≈ 2.0 at 4 K, consistent with the weak effects of the axial ligand on core conformation and metal electronic configurations. Zero-field splitting parameters obtained through simulations are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqi Lake, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Fei Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Wenping Guo
- National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids, Synfuels China Company, Ltd., Beijing 101400, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqi Lake, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Zeyuan Lin
- The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Yao Z, Schulz CE, Yang J, Li X, Li J. Intermolecular Interactions and Intramolecular Couplings of Binuclear Porphyrin Models for Cytochrome c Oxidase. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:1242-1255. [PMID: 31910004 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) has a binuclear active site composed of a high-spin heme group and a tris-histidine-ligated copper ion (CuB). By using two different porphyrin models derived by Gunter (H2TPyPP) and us (H2TImPP), we have isolated several mono- and binuclear complexes including one carbonyl and three chloride derivatives which are determined by 100 K single-crystal X-ray. Low-temperature (4 K) EPR and multitemperature (295-25 K) Mössbauer investigations on the products not only confirmed the spin states of the two metal ions (S = 5/2 Fe3+ and S = 1/2 Cu2+) but also revealed the intermolecular interactions and intramolecular couplings which are in accordance with the crystal structural features.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles E Schulz
- Department of Physics , Knox College , Galesburg , Illinois 61401 , United States
| | - Jiahui Yang
- Bruker (Beijing) Scientific Technology Company , Hechuan Road, Minhang District , Shanghai 200233 , China
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Huang T, Wang H, Zhao J. Synthesis, crystal structure and characterizations of di-μ-cyanido-1:2κ 2 N: C;2:3κ 2 C: N-bis-(4,7,13,16,21,24-hexa-oxa-1,10-di-aza-bicyclo-[8.8.8]hexacosa-ne)-1κ 8 N 1, N 10, O 4, O 7, O 13, O 16, O 21, O 24;3κ 8 N 1, N 10, O 4, O 7, O 13, O 16, O 21, O 24-[5,10,15,20-tetra-kis-(4-chloro-phen-yl)porphyrinato-2κ 4 N]-2-iron(II)-1,3-dipotassium(I) tetra-hydro-furan disolvate with an unknown solvent. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2019; 75:1914-1918. [PMID: 31871757 PMCID: PMC6895954 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989019014841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, [Fe(C44H24N8Cl4)(CN)2][K2(C18H36N2O6)2]·2C4H8O was synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction as well as FTIR and UV-vis spectroscopy. The central FeII ion is coordinated by four pyrrole N atoms of the porphyrin core and two C atoms of the cyano groups in a slightly distorted octa-hedral coordination environment. The complex mol-ecule crystallizes with two tetra-hydro-furan solvent mol-ecules, one of which was refined as disordered over two sets of sites with refined occupancies of 0.619 (5) and 0.381 (5). It has a distorted porphyrin core with mean absolute core-atom displacements Ca, Cb, Cm and Cav of 0.32 (3), 0.22 (3), 0.56 (2) and 0.37 (14) Å, respectively. The axial Fe-Ccyano bond lengths are 1.991 (2) and 1.988 (2) Å. The average Fe-Np (Np is a porphyrin N atom) bond length is 1.964 (10) Å. One of the O atoms and several C atoms of the 222 moiety [222 = 4,7,13,16,21,24-hexa-oxa-1,10-di-aza-bicyclo-[8.8.8]hexa-cosa-ne] were refined as disordered over two sets of sites with occupancy ratios of 0.739 (6):0.261 (6) and 0.832 (4):0.168 (4). Additional solvent mol-ecules were found to be highly disordered and their contribution to the scattering was removed using the SQUEEZE procedure in PLATON [Spek (2015 ▸). Acta Cryst. C71, 9-18], which indicated a solvent cavity of volume 372 Å3 containing approximately 83 electrons. These solvent mol-ecules are not considered in the given chemical formula and other crystal data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Huang
- College of Material Science and Opto-electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqi Lake, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haimang Wang
- College of Material Science and Opto-electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqi Lake, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianping Zhao
- College of Material Science and Opto-electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqi Lake, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, People’s Republic of China
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Fang Y, Wang L, Xu W, Ou Z, Chen M, Cong L, Shan W, Ke X, Kadish KM. Spectral, Electrochemical, and ESR Characterization of Manganese Tetraarylporphyrins Containing Four β,β'-Pyrrole Fused Butano and Benzo Groups in Nonaqueous Media. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:2576-2587. [PMID: 30721029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two series of β,β'-pyrrole butano- and benzo-substituted mangenese(III) tetraarylporphyrins were synthesized and characterized with regard to their spectral and electrochemical properties. The investigated compounds have the general formula butano(Ar)4PorMnCl and benzo(Ar)4PorMnCl, where Por is the dianion of the porphyrin and Ar is a p-CH3Ph, Ph or p-ClPh group on each of the four meso-positions of the macrocycle. Each manganese(III) butano- or benzoporphyrin was examined in CH2Cl2 and/or pyridine containing 0.1 M tetra- n-butylammonium perchlorate and the data then were compared to that of the parent tetraarylporphyrins having the same meso-substituents. Up to four reductions are observed for each compound, the first being metal-centered to generate a Mn(II) porphyrin, and the second and third being porphyrin ring-centered to give a Mn(II) porphyrin π-anion radical and dianion, respectively. The one-electron reduced manganese porphyrins have an ESR spectrum with signals at g⊥= 5.6-5.8 and g// = 2.0, indicating a mixture of the four- and five-coordinated Mn(II) complexes in a high-spin state (3d5, S = 5/2, I = 5/2). Data from cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemistry both suggest that formation of the porphyrin dianion is followed by a chemical reaction at the electrode surface to give an electroactive phlorin anion. The effects of solvent and porphyrin substituents on ultraviolet-visible light (UV-vis) spectra, redox potentials, and electron transfer mechanisms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , 212013 , China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , 212013 , China
| | - Weijie Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , 212013 , China
| | - Zhongping Ou
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Mingyuan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , 212013 , China.,Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Lei Cong
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Wenqian Shan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Xiangyi Ke
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Karl M Kadish
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
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Yamane T, Sugisaki K, Matsuoka H, Sato K, Toyota K, Shiomi D, Takui T. ESR analyses of picket fence MnII and 6th ligand coordinated FeIII porphyrins (S = 5/2) and a CoII(hfac) complex (S = 3/2) with sizable ZFS parameters revisited: a full spin Hamiltonian approach and quantum chemical calculations. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:16429-16444. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02988a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The conventional X-band ESR spectra are fully reanalyzed by a full spin Hamiltonian approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yamane
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka City University
- Osaka
- Japan
| | - Kenji Sugisaki
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka City University
- Osaka
- Japan
| | - Hideto Matsuoka
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka City University
- Osaka
- Japan
| | - Kazunobu Sato
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka City University
- Osaka
- Japan
| | - Kazuo Toyota
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka City University
- Osaka
- Japan
| | - Daisuke Shiomi
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka City University
- Osaka
- Japan
| | - Takeji Takui
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka City University
- Osaka
- Japan
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