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Fritsche P, Geyer L, Czernetzki C, Hierlmeier G. Coordination-induced reductive elimination from a titanium(IV) complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:9030-9033. [PMID: 39046231 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02500h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Diamidopyridine-supported titanium dibenzyl complexes undergo coordination-induced C-C reductive elimination upon addition of alkynes and quantitative formation of titanacyclopentadienes. The distinct radical mechanism of this reductive mechanism gives new insights into C-C bond formation with titanium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Fritsche
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Lucia Geyer
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Corinna Czernetzki
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Gabriele Hierlmeier
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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2
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Morozov AG, Dodonov VA, Rychagova EA, Ketkov SY, Fedushkin IL. Ligand-Induced Intramolecular Redox Diversity in Titanium Complexes with Acenaphthene-1,2-diimine. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:4657-4668. [PMID: 38401059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
A series of the chlorido and alkoxychlorido titanium complexes of the general formula (dpp-Bian)Ti(OiPr)nCl3-n, where dpp-Bian = 1,2-bis[(2,6-iPr2C6H3)imino]acenaphthene n = 0 (2), 1 (3), 2 (4), as well as (dpp-Bian)Ti(OiPr)2 (5) and (dpp-Bian)Ti(OiPr)Cl3 (3-Cl), were isolated and characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and spectroscopic studies combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In the solid state, compounds 2-4 reveal a square-pyramidal geometry at the metal center supported with monoanionic dpp-Bian, whereas 3-Cl with a neutral diimine ligand and 5 bearing a dianionic enebisamide dpp-Bian show, respectively, an octahedral and tetrahedral coordination surrounding the metal ion. Paramagnetic complexes 2-4 exhibit electron paramagnetic resonance spectra in both toluene solution and solid state, confirming the transfer of spin density from the metal ion to the dpp-Bian ligand as the number of alkoxy groups increases. The increase in polarity of the Ti-N bonds in the row 2 < 3 < 4 contributes to enhanced stability of the metal complexes with respect to O-donor molecules. Thus, in tetrahydrofuran (THF), compounds 2 and 3 undergo reversible solvolysis, whereas complex 4 is stable. The charge and spin density distributions as well as molecular orbital energies in 2-4 were analyzed on the basis of DFT calculations which also provided information on the electronic transition energies, absorption band assignments, and thermodynamic parameters of the reactions between the complexes and THF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Morozov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences (IOMC RAS), Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir A Dodonov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences (IOMC RAS), Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Elena A Rychagova
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences (IOMC RAS), Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Yu Ketkov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences (IOMC RAS), Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Igor L Fedushkin
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences (IOMC RAS), Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
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3
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Pölker J, Schaarschmidt D, Bernauer J, Villa M, Jacobi von Wangelin A. BIAN‐Aluminium‐Catalyzed Imine Hydrogenation. ChemCatChem 2022; 14:e202200144. [PMID: 36032039 PMCID: PMC9401587 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Pölker
- University of Hamburg: Universitat Hamburg Dept. of Chemistry GERMANY
| | | | - Josef Bernauer
- University of Hamburg: Universitat Hamburg Dept. of Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Matteo Villa
- University of Regensburg: Universitat Regensburg Dept. of Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Axel Jacobi von Wangelin
- Universitat Hamburg Institute of Inorganic and Applied Chemistry Martin Luther King Pl 6 20146 Hamburg GERMANY
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4
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Reinholdt A, Kwon S, Jafari MG, Gau MR, Caroll PJ, Lawrence C, Gu J, Baik MH, Mindiola DJ. An Isolable Azide Adduct of Titanium(II) Follows Bifurcated Deazotation Pathways to an Imide. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 144:527-537. [PMID: 34963052 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AdN3 (Ad = 1-adamantyl) reacts with the tetrahedral TiII complex [(TptBu,Me)TiCl] (TptBu,Me = hydrotris(3-tert-butyl-5-methylpyrazol-1-yl)borate) to generate a mixture of an imide complex, [(TptBu,Me)TiCl(NAd)] (4), and an unusual and kinetically stable azide adduct of the group 4 metal, namely, [(TptBu,Me)TiCl(γ-N3Ad)] (3). In these conversions, the product distribution is determined by the relative concentration of reactants. In contrast, the azide adduct 3 forms selectively when a masked TiII complex (N2 or AdNC adduct) reacts with AdN3. Upon heating, 3 extrudes dinitrogen in a unimolecular process proceeding through a titanatriazete intermediate to form the imide complex 4, but the observed thermal stability of the azide adduct (t1/2 = 61 days at 25 °C) is at odds with the large fraction of imide complex formed directly in reactions between AdN3 and [(TptBu,Me)TiCl] at room temperature (∼50% imide with a 1:1 stoichiometry). A combination of theoretical and experimental studies identified an additional deazotation pathway, proceeding through a bimetallic complex bridged by a single azide ligand. The electronic origin of this deazotation mechanism lies in the ability of azide adduct 3 to serve as a π-backbonding metallaligand toward free [(TptBu,Me)TiCl]. These findings unveil a new class of azide-to-imide conversions for transition metals, highlighting that the mechanisms underlying this common synthetic methodology may be more complex than conventionally assumed, given the concentration dependence in the conversion of an azide into an imide complex. Lastly, we show how significantly different AdN3 reacts when treated with [(TptBu,Me)VCl].
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Reinholdt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Seongyeon Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mehrafshan G Jafari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael R Gau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Patrick J Caroll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Chad Lawrence
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel J Mindiola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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5
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6
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Rahimi N, Herbert DE, Budzelaar PHM. Double and Reversible Alkyl Transfer from ZrBn
4
/HfBn
4
to a Diiminepyridine Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naser Rahimi
- Department of Chemistry University of Manitoba 144 Dysart Road R3T 2N2 Winnipeg MB Canada
| | - David E. Herbert
- Department of Chemistry University of Manitoba 144 Dysart Road R3T 2N2 Winnipeg MB Canada
| | - Peter H. M. Budzelaar
- Department of Chemistry University of Manitoba 144 Dysart Road R3T 2N2 Winnipeg MB Canada
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Università di Napoli Federico II Via Cintia 4 80126 Napoli Italia
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7
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Larson PJ, Wekesa FS, Singh A, Smith CR, Rajput A, McGovern GP, Unruh DK, Cozzolino AF, Findlater M. Synthesis, characterization, electrochemical properties and theoretical calculations of (BIAN) iron complexes. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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8
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Titanium(IV) complexes supported by a dianionic acenaphthenediimine ligand: X-ray and spectroscopic studies of the metal coordination sphere. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Wang H, Guo Z, Yang J, Cao W, Hua Y, Wei X, Li J. Synthesis and X-ray Crystal Structures of Zinc Complexes Supported by Chelating Ligands: Various Reactions of α-Iminopyridines with ZnEt 2. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201800120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haimang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanxi University; 030006 Taiyuan P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; 101408 Yanqi Lake Huairou District, Beijing P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Guo
- Scientific Instrument Center; Shanxi University; Taiyuan
| | - Jihong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanxi University; 030006 Taiyuan P. R. China
| | - Wei Cao
- Scientific Instrument Center; Shanxi University; Taiyuan
| | - Yupeng Hua
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanxi University; 030006 Taiyuan P. R. China
- Ordos Institute of Technology; 017000 Ordos Inner Mongolia P. R. China
| | - Xuehong Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanxi University; 030006 Taiyuan P. R. China
- Scientific Instrument Center; Shanxi University; Taiyuan
| | - Jianfeng Li
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; 101408 Yanqi Lake Huairou District, Beijing P. R. China
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Zhou M, Li X, Bu D, Lei H. Synthesis, crystal structures and electrochemical properties of Co(II) and Mn(II) complexes with asymmetric bulky BIAN ligands. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Guo J, Lu Y, Zhao R, Liu Z, Menberu W, Wang ZX. Strong Preference of the Redox-Neutral Mechanism over the Redox Mechanism for the Ti IV Catalysis Involved in the Carboamination of Alkyne with Alkene and Diazene. Chemistry 2018; 24:7010-7025. [PMID: 29709085 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Titanium catalysis generally prefers redox-neutral mechanisms. Yet it has been reported that titanium could promote bond formations in a way similar to reductive elimination. Accordingly, redox catalytic cycles involving TiIV /TiII cycling have been considered. By studying, as an example, the carboamination of alkynes with alkenes and azobenzene catalyzed by the [TiIV ]=NPh imido complex, we performed DFT computations to gain an understanding of how the "abnormal" catalysis takes place, thereby allowing us to clarify whether the catalysis really follows TiIV /TiII redox mechanisms. The reaction first forms an azatitanacyclohexene by alkyne addition to the [TiIV ]=NPh bond, followed by alkene insertion. The azatitanacyclohexene can either undergo Cα -Cγ coupling, to afford bicyclo[3.1.0]imine, or β-H elimination, to yield a [TiIV ]-H hydride, which then undergoes Cα =Cβ or Cγ =Cδ insertion to give an α,β- or β,γ-unsaturated imine, respectively. Both the geometric and electronic structures indicate that the catalytic cycles proceed through redox-neutral mechanisms. The alternative redox mechanisms (e.g., by N-H or C-H reductive elimination) are substantially less favorable. We concluded that electronically, the TiIV catalysis intrinsically favors the redox-neutral mechanism, because a redox pathway would involve TiII structures either in the triplet ground state or in the high-lying open-shell singlet state, but the involvement of triplet TiII structures is spin-forbidden and that of singlet TiII structures is energetically disadvantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Guo
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu Lu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruihua Zhao
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zheyuan Liu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wasihun Menberu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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12
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Fandos R, Otero A, Rodríguez AM. Dearomatization and functionalization of tantalum bonded dialkoxide pincer ligands. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Villa M, Miesel D, Hildebrandt A, Ragaini F, Schaarschmidt D, Jacobi von Wangelin A. Synthesis and Catalysis of Redox-Active Bis(imino)acenaphthene (BIAN) Iron Complexes. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201700144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Villa
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; Universitaetsstr. 31 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Dominique Miesel
- Institute of Chemistry-Inorganic Chemistry; TU Chemnitz; 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | | | - Fabio Ragaini
- Department of Chemistry; University of Milan; Via C. Golgi 17 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Dieter Schaarschmidt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; Universitaetsstr. 31 93040 Regensburg Germany
- Current address: Department of Chemistry; University of Hamburg; Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 20146 Hamburg Germany
| | - Axel Jacobi von Wangelin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; Universitaetsstr. 31 93040 Regensburg Germany
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Yu X, Zhu F, Bu D, Lei H. Ferrous complexes supported by sterically encumbered asymmetric bis(arylimino)acenaphthene (BIAN) ligands: synthesis, characterization and screening for catalytic hydrosilylation of carbonyl compounds. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01511a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Structurally characterized Fe complexes bearing asymmetric bidentate BIAN ligands were synthesized and their use as room-temperature hydrosilylation precatalyst was reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Yu
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Feifeng Zhu
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Donglei Bu
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Hao Lei
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
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