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Chaudhary RG, Sonkusare V, Bhusari G, Mondal A, Potbhare A, Juneja H, Abdala A, Sharma R. Preparation of mesoporous ThO 2 nanoparticles: Influence of calcination on morphology and visible-light-driven photocatalytic degradation of indigo carmine and methylene blue. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 222:115363. [PMID: 36716808 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present article reports the synthesis of thoria nanoparticles (ThO2 NPs) via sol-gel process and examines the effect of calcination temperature of ThO2 on the morphology and photocatalytic degradation of indigo carmine (IC) and methylene blue (MB) under visible-light. As-synthesized white crystals of ThO2 were subjected to calcination at different temperatures, viz. 700 °C (TH-700), 800 °C (TH-800), and 900 °C (TH-900). The effect of calcination temperature on the structural, morphological, thermal, surface area-porosity, and optical properties of ThO2 NPs were investigated by diverse analytical techniques. XRD patterns show the cubic-space group Fm-3m (225) with parameter a = 5.597 Å and reveals crystallite sizes increased with calcination temperature. The bandgap energy was found to be 1.85 eV, 2.33 eV, and 2.71 eV for TH-700, TH-800, and TH-900 NPs, respectively, calculated by Kubelka-Munk (KM) plot. SEM and TEM unveil that the sample TH-700 calcined at a low temperature of 700 °C yields assembled nanosheets, while at higher temperatures, i.e., 800 °C (TH-800) and 900 °C (TH-900), produces agglomerated nanomaterials. Further, TH-700 sample exhibits enhanced photocatalytic degradation within 120 min for both IC and MB dye than TH-800 and TH-900 counterparts. Among the dyes, IC shows improved photocatalytic efficiency than MB for TH-700, owing to the increased optical absorption and improved separation of photogenerated charge carriers. The reusability study of TH-700 reveals that the catalysts were stable up to four successive cycles with no drastic changes in photocatalytic efficiency. Also, systematic photodisintegration of IC was investigated by Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratiram Gomaji Chaudhary
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry, Seth Kesarimal Porwal College of Arts, And Science and Commerce, Kamptee, 441001, India.
| | - Vaishali Sonkusare
- Post Graduate Teaching Department of Chemistry, Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440033, India.
| | - Ganesh Bhusari
- Research and Development Division, Solar Industries India Limited, Nagpur, 440023, India.
| | - Aniruddha Mondal
- Division of Materials Science, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, 97187, Sweden.
| | - Ajay Potbhare
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry, Seth Kesarimal Porwal College of Arts, And Science and Commerce, Kamptee, 441001, India.
| | - Harjeet Juneja
- Post Graduate Teaching Department of Chemistry, Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440033, India.
| | - Ahmed Abdala
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A and M University at Qatar POB, 23784, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Yu T, Qian Z, Li L, Lu Z, Li B, Zhang Q, Liu X, He H, Qiao Y, Ye G. Synthesis of Thorium Dioxide Nanocrystals by Pyrolysis of a Thorium‐based Metal‐organic Framework. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- Department of Radiochemistry China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China
| | - Zhenghua Qian
- Department of Nuclear and Radiation Safety Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Nuclear and Radiation Safety Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zonghui Lu
- Department of Radiochemistry China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Radiochemistry China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Nuclear and Radiation Safety Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Radiochemistry China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China
| | - Yanbo Qiao
- Department of Nuclear and Radiation Safety Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Guoan Ye
- Department of Radiochemistry China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China
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Diaz C, Valenzuela ML, Laguna-Bercero MÁ. Solid-State Preparation of Metal and Metal Oxides Nanostructures and Their Application in Environmental Remediation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031093. [PMID: 35163017 PMCID: PMC8835339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials have attracted much attention over the last decades due to their very different properties compared to those of bulk equivalents, such as a large surface-to-volume ratio, the size-dependent optical, physical, and magnetic properties. A number of solution fabrication methods have been developed for the synthesis of metal and metal oxides nanoparticles, but few solid-state methods have been reported. The application of nanostructured materials to electronic solid-state devices or to high-temperature technology requires, however, adequate solid-state methods for obtaining nanostructured materials. In this review, we discuss some of the main current methods of obtaining nanomaterials in solid state, and also we summarize the obtaining of nanomaterials using a new general method in solid state. This new solid-state method to prepare metals and metallic oxides nanostructures start with the preparation of the macromolecular complexes chitosan·Xn and PS-co-4-PVP·MXn as precursors (X = anion accompanying the cationic metal, n = is the subscript, which indicates the number of anions in the formula of the metal salt and PS-co-4-PVP = poly(styrene-co-4-vinylpyridine)). Then, the solid-state pyrolysis under air and at 800 °C affords nanoparticles of M°, MxOy depending on the nature of the metal. Metallic nanoparticles are obtained for noble metals such as Au, while the respective metal oxide is obtained for transition, representative, and lanthanide metals. Size and morphology depend on the nature of the polymer as well as on the spacing of the metals within the polymeric chain. Noticeably in the case of TiO2, anatase or rutile phases can be tuned by the nature of the Ti salts coordinated in the macromolecular polymer. A mechanism for the formation of nanoparticles is outlined on the basis of TG/DSC data. Some applications such as photocatalytic degradation of methylene by different metal oxides obtained by the presented solid-state method are also described. A brief review of the main solid-state methods to prepare nanoparticles is also outlined in the introduction. Some challenges to further development of these materials and methods are finally discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Diaz
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Casilla 653, Santiago 7800003, Chile
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Luisa Valenzuela
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Grupo de Investigación en Energía y Procesos Sustentables, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Av. El Llano Subercaseaux 2801, Santiago 8900000, Chile;
| | - Miguel Á. Laguna-Bercero
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
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Diaz C, Valenzuela ML, Laguna-Bercero MA, Carrillo D, Segovia M, Mendoza K, Cartes P. Solventless Preparation of Thoria and Its Inclusion into SiO 2 and TiO 2: A Luminescence and Photocatalysis Study. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:9391-9400. [PMID: 33869919 PMCID: PMC8047679 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thoria was prepared using a solid-state method from the macromolecular precursor Chitosan·Th(NO3)4 (chitosan) and PS-co-4-PVP·Th(NO3)4 (PVP). The morphology and the average size of ThO2 depend of the chitosan and PS-co-4-PVP polymer forming the precursor. Their photoluminescent properties were investigated, finding a dependence of their intensity emission maxima, with the nature of the precursor polymer. The photocatalytic activity of ThO2 toward the degradation of methylene blue was measured for the first time, finding a degradation of about 66% in 300 min. The inclusion of ThO2 into SiO2 and TiO2 was achieved by the solid-state pyrolysis of the macromolecular composites Chitosan·Th(NO3)4//MO2 and PS-co-4-PVP·Th(NO3)4//MO2, MO2 = SiO2 or TiO2. The ThO2 exhibits a homogeneous dispersion inside the silica, showing sizes of about 40 and 50 nm for the chitosan and PVP polymer precursors, respectively. The luminescent properties of the ThO2/SiO2 and ThO2/TiO2 composites were also studied, finding a decrease in intensity when introducing the SiO2 or TiO2 matrices. The photocatalytic behavior to methylene blue degradation of ThO2 and their composites ThO2/SiO2 and ThO2/TiO2 was investigated for the first time, with them in the following order: ThO2 > ThO2/TiO2 > ThO2/SiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Diaz
- Departamento
de Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Chile, La Palmeras 3425, Nuñoa, Casilla 653, Santiago de Chile 7800003, Chile
| | - M. L. Valenzuela
- Instituto
de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Grupo de Investigación
en Energía y Procesos Sustentables, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Av. El Llano Subercaseaux 2801, San Miguel, Santiago de Chile 8910060, Chile
| | - Miguel A. Laguna-Bercero
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Daniel Carrillo
- Departamento
de Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Chile, La Palmeras 3425, Nuñoa, Casilla 653, Santiago de Chile 7800003, Chile
| | - Marjorie Segovia
- Departamento
de Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Chile, La Palmeras 3425, Nuñoa, Casilla 653, Santiago de Chile 7800003, Chile
| | - Karina. Mendoza
- Departamento
de Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Chile, La Palmeras 3425, Nuñoa, Casilla 653, Santiago de Chile 7800003, Chile
| | - Patricio Cartes
- Departamento
de Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Chile, La Palmeras 3425, Nuñoa, Casilla 653, Santiago de Chile 7800003, Chile
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Huentupil Y, Cabello-Guzmán G, Chornik B, Arancibia R, Buono-Core G. Photochemical deposition, characterization and optical properties of thin films of ThO2. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kumari P, Pokhriyal M, Uma S, Nagarajan R. Efficient Use of a Polyamine Carboxylate Ligand to Probe the Extent of Incorporation of Stereochemically Active Bi3+
in ThO2. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Promila Kumari
- Materials Chemistry Group; Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi 110007 INDIA
| | - Meenakshi Pokhriyal
- Materials Chemistry Group; Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi 110007 INDIA
| | - Sitharaman Uma
- Materials Chemistry Group; Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi 110007 INDIA
| | - Rajamani Nagarajan
- Materials Chemistry Group; Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi 110007 INDIA
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Gao Y, Jiang W, Xu D, Wang Z. Localization-vs-Delocalization of 5f Orbitals in Superatom Systems. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.201700038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 China
| | - Wanrun Jiang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 China
| | - Dexuan Xu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 China
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