1
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Evans MJ, Jones C. Low oxidation state and hydrido group 2 complexes: synthesis and applications in the activation of gaseous substrates. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:5054-5082. [PMID: 38595211 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00097h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Numerous industrial processes utilise gaseous chemical feedstocks to produce useful chemical products. Atmospheric and other small molecule gases, including anthropogenic waste products (e.g. carbon dioxide), can be viewed as sustainable building blocks to access value-added chemical commodities and materials. While transition metal complexes have been well documented in the reduction and transformation of these substrates, molecular complexes of the terrestrially abundant alkaline earth metals have also demonstrated promise with remarkable reactivity reported towards an array of industrially relevant gases over the past two decades. This review covers low oxidation state and hydrido group 2 complexes and their role in the reduction and transformation of a selection of important gaseous substrates towards value-added chemical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Evans
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, PO Box 23, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
| | - Cameron Jones
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, PO Box 23, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
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2
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Burnett S, Ferns R, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, van Mourik T, Stasch A. Low-Coordinate Magnesium Sulfide and Selenide Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:16443-16450. [PMID: 37747417 PMCID: PMC10565804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of [{(iPrDipNacNac)Mg}2] 1 (iPrDipnacnac = HC(iPrCNDip)2) with Ph3P═O at 100 °C afforded the phosphinate complex [(iPrDipNacNac)Mg(OPPh3)(OPPh2)] 3. Reactions of 1 with Ph3P═E (E = S, Se) proceeded rapidly at room temperature to low-coordinate chalcogenide complexes [{(iPrDipNacNac)Mg}2(μ-S)] 4 and [{(iPrDipNacNac)Mg}2(μ-Se)] 5, respectively. Similarly, reactions of RNHC═S ((MeCNR)2C═S with R = Me, Et, or iPr) with 1 afforded NHC adducts of magnesium sulfide complexes, [{(iPrDipNacNac)Mg(RNHC)}(μ-S){Mg(iPrDipNacNac)}] 6, that could alternatively be obtained by adding the appropriate RNHC to sulfide complex 4. Complex 4 reacted with 1-adamantylazide (AdN3) to give [{(iPrDipNacNac)Mg}2(μ-SN3Ad)] 7 and can form various simple donor adducts in solution, of which [(iPrDipNacNac)Mg(OAd)}2(μ-S)] 8a (OAd = 2-adamantanone) was structurally characterized. The nature of the ionic Mg-E-Mg unit is described by solution and solid-state studies of the complexes and by DFT computational investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Burnett
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Rochelle Ferns
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - David B. Cordes
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Tanja van Mourik
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Stasch
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
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3
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Adilkhanova A, Frolova VF, Yessengazin A, Öztopçu Ö, Gudun KA, Segizbayev M, Matsokin NA, Dmitrienko A, Pilkington M, Khalimon AY. Synthesis and catalytic performance of nickel phosphinite pincer complexes in deoxygenative hydroboration of amides. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:2872-2886. [PMID: 36762562 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03801c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of imino-POCNR, amino-POCNR2, and bis(phosphinite) POCOP pincer complexes of Ni(II) were prepared and tested in catalytic deoxygenative hydroboration of amides with HBPin to the corresponding amines. In contrast to the deoxygenative hydrosilylation approach, primarily developed for tertiary amides, superior reactivity in Ni-catalyzed deoxygenative hydroboration was demonstrated for secondary carboxamides. The bis(phosphinite) hydride complex (POCOP)NiH proved the most active in these reactions, tolerating potentially reducible functionalities such as internal alkenes, esters, nitriles, heteroaromatic compounds, and tertiary amides. Preferable hydroboration of secondary amides was also demonstrated in the presence of primary amide functionalities. The reactions were conducted at 60-80 °C, representing a rare example of a base-metal catalytic system for selective deoxygenation of secondary amides to the corresponding amines under mild conditions. In contrast to secondary amides, deoxygenative hydroboration of primary amides was demonstrated using an iminophosphinite pre-catalyst (POCNDmp)Ni(CH2TMS) (Dmp = 2,6-Me2C6H3). Deoxygenation reactions were suggested to proceed via a direct C-O bond cleavage mechanism, which is triggered by dehydrogenative N-borylation to access more electrophilic N-borylamides amenable to the addition of HBPin to the carbonyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziza Adilkhanova
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan. .,School of Mining and Geosciences, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Valeriya F Frolova
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
| | - Azamat Yessengazin
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
| | - Özgür Öztopçu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
| | - Kristina A Gudun
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
| | - Medet Segizbayev
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Nikita A Matsokin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Anton Dmitrienko
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Melanie Pilkington
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Andrey Y Khalimon
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
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4
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Wirtz L, Ghulam KY, Morgenstern B, Schäfer A. Constrained Geometry
ansa
‐Half‐Sandwich Complexes of Magnesium – Versatile
s
‐Block Catalysts. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202201007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Wirtz
- Faculty of Natural Science and Technology Department of Chemistry Saarland University Campus Saarbrücken 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Kinza Yasmin Ghulam
- Faculty of Natural Science and Technology Department of Chemistry Saarland University Campus Saarbrücken 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Bernd Morgenstern
- Faculty of Natural Science and Technology Department of Chemistry Saarland University Campus Saarbrücken 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - André Schäfer
- Faculty of Natural Science and Technology Department of Chemistry Saarland University Campus Saarbrücken 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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5
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Schüler P, Krieck S, Görls H, Liebing P, Westerhausen M. Sterically shielded primary anilides of the alkaline-earth metals of the type (thf) nAe(NH-Ar*) 2 (Ae = Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba; Ar* = bulky aryl). Dalton Trans 2022; 51:8461-8471. [PMID: 35603695 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01121b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Metalation of 2,4,6-triphenylphenylamine (H2N-C6H2-2,4,6-Ph3, 1a) and 4-methyl-2,6-bis(diphenylmethyl)aniline (2,6-bis(diphenylmethyl)-p-toluidine, H2N-C6H2-4-Me-2,6-(CHPh2)2, 2a) with dibutylmagnesium and Ae[N(SiMe3)2]2 with a stoichiometric 1 : 2 ratio in THF at room temperature yields the corresponding primary anilides [(thf)nAe{N(H)-C6H2-2,4,6-Ph3}2] (Ae/n = Mg/2 (1b), Ca/2 (1c), Sr/3 (1d), and Ba/3 (1e)) and [(thf)nAe{N(H)-C6H2-4-Me-2,6-(CHPh2)2}2] (Ae/n = Mg/2 (2b), Ca/3 (2c) and Sr/2 (2d)), respectively. The 1 : 1 reaction of Mg(n/sBu)2 and MgPh2 with 2a leads to the formation of heteroleptic [(thf)2Mg(R){N(H)-C6H2-4-Me-2,6-(CHPh2)2}] (R = n/sBu (2bBu), Ph (2bPh)). At 50 °C, the strontium complex 2d liberates one equivalent of 2avia intramolecular deprotonation of the triarylmethyl functionality yielding dinuclear [(thf)2Sr{N(H)-C6H2-4-Me-2-(CPh2)-6-(CHPh2)2}]2 (2d'). The barium compound is significantly more reactive and regardless of applied stoichiometry the isotypic barium congener [(thf)2Ba{N(H)-C6H2-4-Me-2-(CPh2)-6-(CHPh2)2}]2 (2e') forms. The molecular structures of 1c, 2d, 2d', and 2e' are stabilized by metal-phenyl π-interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Schüler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Sven Krieck
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Phil Liebing
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Matthias Westerhausen
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
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6
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Abstract
The addition of a B-H bond to an unsaturated bond (polarized or unpolarized) is a powerful and atom-economic tool for the synthesis of organoboranes. In recent years, s-block organometallics have appeared as alternative catalysts to transition-metal complexes, which traditionally catalyze the hydroboration of unsaturated bonds. Because of the recent and rapid development in the field of hydroboration of unsaturated bonds catalyzed by alkali (Li, Na, K) and alkaline earth (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) metals, we provide a detailed and updated comprehensive review that covers the synthesis, reactivity, and application of s-block metal catalysts in the hydroboration of polarized as well as unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds. Moreover, we describe the main reaction mechanisms, providing valuable insight into the reactivity of the s-block metal catalysts. Finally, we compare these s-block metal complexes with other redox-neutral catalytic systems based on p-block metals including aluminum complexes and f-block metal complexes of lanthanides and early actinides. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive, authoritative, and critical assessment of the state of the art within this highly interesting research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Magre
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Marcin Szewczyk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Chemical Science Program, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Catalysis Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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7
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Accessing the main-group metal formyl scaffold through CO-activation in beryllium hydride complexes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:461. [PMID: 35075124 PMCID: PMC8786820 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an indispensable C1 building block. For decades this abundant gas has been employed in hydroformylation and Pausen-Khand catalysis, amongst many related chemistries, where a single, non-coupled CO fragment is delivered to an organic molecule. Despite this, organometallic species which react with CO to yield C1 products remain rare, and are elusive for main group metal complexes. Here, we describe a range of amido-beryllium hydride complexes, and demonstrate their reactivity towards CO, in its mono-insertion into the Be-H bonds of these species. The small radius of the Be2+ ion in conjunction with the non-innocent pendant phosphine moiety of the developed ligands leads to a unique beryllium formyl complex with an ylidic P-COC fragment, whereby the carbon centre, remarkably, datively binds Be. This, alongside reactivity toward carbon dioxide, sheds light on the insertion chemistry of the Be-H bond, complimenting the long-known chemistry of the heavier Alkaline Earth hydrides. Stoichiometric carbon monoxide insertion processes leading to metal-formyl complexes are scarce, even for transition metals. Here, light is shed on the underexplored chemistry of beryllium hydrides leading to a stable example of a main group metal-formyl complex.
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8
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Khalimon AY. Deoxygenative hydroboration of carboxamides: a versatile and selective synthetic approach to amines. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:17455-17466. [PMID: 34787155 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03516a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Deoxygenative reduction of amides is considered as an attractive method for preparation of synthetically valuable amines. However, the low electrophilicity of the amide carbonyl group, high thermodynamic stability and kinetic inertness of the amides make their reduction a challenging task. Until recently, most efforts for catalytic deoxygenation of amides to amines were concentrated on hydrogenation and hydrosilylation approaches, which mainly employed precious metal catalysts and often required harsh reaction conditions and showed insufficient selectivities. Moreover, these reactions are mostly limited to secondary and tertiary amides, whereas direct reduction of primary amides to primary amines remained arduous. In contrast, deoxygenative hydroboration of amides, although it appeared less then a decade ago, has already proved advantageous in terms of the amide scope, reaction conditions and selectivity of transformations. This article provides an overview of the developments in hydroboration of amides, focusing on mechanistic aspects of these transformations and advantages of hydroboration compared to hydrogenation and hydrosilylation approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Y Khalimon
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan.
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9
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Landman IR, Fadaei-Tirani F, Severin K. Nitrous oxide as a diazo transfer reagent: the synthesis of triazolopyridines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11537-11540. [PMID: 34664049 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04907k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide is a potential diazo transfer reagent, but its applications in organic chemistry are scarce. Here, we show that triazolopyridines and triazoloquinolines are formed in the reactions of metallated 2-alkylpyridines or 2-alkylquinolines with N2O. The reactions can be performed under mild conditions and give synthetically interesting triazoles in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris R Landman
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei-Tirani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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10
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Roy MMD, Omaña AA, Wilson ASS, Hill MS, Aldridge S, Rivard E. Molecular Main Group Metal Hydrides. Chem Rev 2021; 121:12784-12965. [PMID: 34450005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This review serves to document advances in the synthesis, versatile bonding, and reactivity of molecular main group metal hydrides within Groups 1, 2, and 12-16. Particular attention will be given to the emerging use of said hydrides in the rapidly expanding field of Main Group element-mediated catalysis. While this review is comprehensive in nature, focus will be given to research appearing in the open literature since 2001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M D Roy
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Alvaro A Omaña
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Andrew S S Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Avon BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Avon BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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11
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Ankur, Kannan R, Chambenahalli R, Banerjee S, Yang Y, Maron L, Venugopal A. [(Me
6
TREN)MgOCHPh
2
][B(C
6
F
5
)
4
]: A Model Complex to Explore the Catalytic Activity of Magnesium Alkoxides in Ketone Hydroboration. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ankur
- School of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Vithura Thiruvananthapuram 695551 India
| | - Ramkumar Kannan
- School of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Vithura Thiruvananthapuram 695551 India
| | - Raju Chambenahalli
- School of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Vithura Thiruvananthapuram 695551 India
| | - Sumanta Banerjee
- School of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Vithura Thiruvananthapuram 695551 India
| | - Yan Yang
- LPCNO, UMR 5215, INSA, UPS Université de Toulouse-CNRS 31000 Toulouse France
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, UMR 5215, INSA, UPS Université de Toulouse-CNRS 31000 Toulouse France
| | - Ajay Venugopal
- School of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Vithura Thiruvananthapuram 695551 India
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12
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Perez-Jimenez M, Curado N, Maya C, Campos J, Jover J, Alvarez S, Carmona E. Coordination of LiH Molecules to Mo≣Mo Bonds: Experimental and Computational Studies on Mo 2LiH 2, Mo 2Li 2H 4, and Mo 6Li 9H 18 Clusters. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5222-5230. [PMID: 33755447 PMCID: PMC9157502 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The reactions of LiAlH4 as the source of LiH with complexes
that contain (H)Mo≣Mo and (H)Mo≣Mo(H) cores stabilized
by the coordination of bulky AdDipp2 ligands result in
the respective coordination of one and two molecules of (thf)LiH,
with the generation of complexes exhibiting one and two HLi(thf)H
ligands extending across the Mo≣Mo bond (AdDipp2 = HC(NDipp)2; Dipp = 2,6-iPr2C6H3; thf = tetrahydrofuran,
C4H8O). A theoretical study reveals the formation
of Mo–H–Li three-center–two-electron bonds, supplemented
by the coordination of the Mo≣Mo bond to the Li ion. Attempts
to construct a [Mo2{HLi(thf)H}3(AdDipp2)] molecular architecture led to spontaneous trimerization and the
formation of a chiral, hydride-rich Mo6Li9H18 supramolecular organization that is robust enough to withstand
the substitution of lithium-solvating molecules of tetrahydrofuran
by pyridine or 4-dimethylaminopyridine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Perez-Jimenez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), University of Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Natalia Curado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), University of Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Celia Maya
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), University of Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jesus Campos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), University of Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jesus Jover
- Department de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Alvarez
- Department de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ernesto Carmona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), University of Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibin Wang
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology Guangdong 515063 P. R. China
| | - Sehoon Park
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology Guangdong 515063 P. R. China
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Technion City 32000 Haifa Israel
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14
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Donnelly LJ, Parsons S, Morrison CA, Thomas SP, Love JB. Synthesis and structures of anionic rhenium polyhydride complexes of boron-hydride ligands and their application in catalysis. Chem Sci 2020; 11:9994-9999. [PMID: 34094263 PMCID: PMC8162066 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03458d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The rhenium complex, [K(DME)(18-c-6)][ReH4(Bpin)(η2-HBpin)(κ2-H2Bpin)] 1, comprising hydride and boron ligands only, has been synthesized by exhaustive deoxygenation of the commercially available perrhenate anion (ReO4 -) with pinacol borane (HBpin). The structure of 1 was analysed by X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, and DFT calculations. While no hydrides were located in the X-ray crystal structure, it revealed a trigonal arrangement of pinacol boron ligands. Variable-temperature NMR spectroscopy supported the presence of seven hydride ligands but further insight was hindered by the fluxionality of both hydride and boron ligands at low temperature. Further evaluation of the structure by Ab Initio Random Structure Searching (AIRSS) identified the presence of hydride, boryl, σ-borane, and dihydroborate ligands. This complex, either isolated or prepared in situ, is a catalyst for the 1,4-hydroboration of N-heteroaromatic substrates under simple operating procedures. It also acts as a reagent for the stoichiometric C-H borylation of toluene, displaying high meta regioselectivity in the borylated products. Reaction of 1 with 9-BBN resulted in HBpin substitution to form the new anionic tetra(dihydroborate) complex [K(DME)(18-c-6)][Re(κ2-H-9-BBN)4] 4 for which the hydride positions were clearly identified by X-ray crystallography. The method used to generate these isolable yet reactive boron-hydride complexes is direct and straightforward and has potential utility for the exploitation of other metal oxo compounds in operationally simple catalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam J Donnelly
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, The King's Buildings Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Simon Parsons
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, The King's Buildings Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Carole A Morrison
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, The King's Buildings Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Stephen P Thomas
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, The King's Buildings Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Jason B Love
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, The King's Buildings Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
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15
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Schuhknecht D, Spaniol TP, Yang Y, Maron L, Okuda J. Reactivity of a Molecular Calcium Hydride Cation ([CaH] +) Supported by an NNNN Macrocycle. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:9406-9415. [PMID: 32543844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The hydride ligand in the cationic calcium hydride supported by a NNNN-type macrocycle, [(Me4TACD)2Ca2(μ-H)2(THF)][BAr4]2 (1; Me4TACD = 1,4,7,10-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane; THF = tetrahydrofuran; BAr4 = B(C6H3-3,5-Me2)4), shows, in addition to its Brönsted basicity toward weak acids, a pronounced nucleophilicity resulting in nucleophilic substitution or insertion (addition) at a silicon or sp2 carbon center. Terminal acetylenes RC≡CH (R = SiMe3, cyclopropyl) as well as 1,4-diphenylbutadiene were deprotonated by 1 to give dinuclear complexes [(Me4TACD)2Ca2(μ-C≡CR)2][BAr4]2 (2a, R = SiMe3; 2b, R = cyclopropyl) and [(Me4TACD)2Ca2(μ2-η4-1,4-Ph2C4H2)][BAr4]2 (3) with H2 evolution. The addition reaction with BH3(THF) gave a tetrahydridoborate complex, [(Me4TACD)Ca(BH4)(THF)2][BAr4] (4), with κ2-H2BH2 coordination in the solid state, suggesting a pronounced Lewis acidic calcium center. The behavior resulting from both Lewis acidity and hydricity becomes apparent in the nucleophilic substitution of fluorobenzene by 1 to give benzene and the dimeric fluoride complex [(Me4TACD)2Ca2(μ-F)2(THF)][BAr4]2·2.5THF (5). Analogous nucleophilic substitution reaction is observed for heterofunctionalized organosilanes XSiR3 [X = I, N(SiHMe2)2, N3; R = Me3 or HMe2], which resulted in the formation of calcium complexes [(Me4TACD)Ca(X)(THF)n][BAr4] (6-8) containing an X ligand along with hydrosilane HSiR3. An insertion reaction by 1 was observed with CO2 and CO to give dinuclear formato complex [(Me4TACD)2Ca2(μ-OCHO)2][BAr4]2 (9) and cis-enediolato complex [(Me4TACD)2Ca2(μ-OCH═CHO)][BAr4]2·3.5THF (10), respectively. The latter is believed to have been formed as a result of the dimerization of an initially generated formyl or oxymethylene complex, [(Me4TACD)Ca(OCH)]+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Schuhknecht
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas P Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yan Yang
- CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehoon Park
- Department of ChemistryGuangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology Guangdong 515063 P. R. China
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Technion City 32000 Haifa Israel
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17
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Lemmerz LE, Wong A, Ménard G, Spaniol TP, Okuda J. Reactivity of the molecular magnesium hydride cation [MgH]+ supported by an NNNN macrocycle. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.114331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Shi X, Hou C, Zhao L, Deng P, Cheng J. Mononuclear calcium complex as effective catalyst for alkenes hydrogenation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5162-5165. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01745k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mononuclear calcium unsubstituted alkyl complex [(TpAd,iPr)Ca{(CH2)4Ph}(THP)], proposed as the catalytic alkene hydrogenation intermediate, was isolated for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Cuiping Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Lanxiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Peng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Jianhua Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
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Falconnet A, Magre M, Maity B, Cavallo L, Rueping M. Asymmetric Magnesium‐Catalyzed Hydroboration by Metal‐Ligand Cooperative Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:17567-17571. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alban Falconnet
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Marc Magre
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Bholanath Maity
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
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20
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Falconnet A, Magre M, Maity B, Cavallo L, Rueping M. Asymmetric Magnesium‐Catalyzed Hydroboration by Metal‐Ligand Cooperative Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alban Falconnet
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Marc Magre
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Bholanath Maity
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
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21
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Garcia L, Dinoi C, Mahon MF, Maron L, Hill MS. Magnesium hydride alkene insertion and catalytic hydrosilylation. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8108-8118. [PMID: 31814958 PMCID: PMC6839609 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02056j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The β-diketiminato magnesium hydride, [(BDI)MgH]]2, reacts with alkenes and catalyses their hydrosilylation with PhSiH3.
The dimeric β-diketiminato magnesium hydride, [(BDI)MgH]2, reacts at 80 °C with the terminal alkenes, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 3-phenyl-1-propene and 3,3-dimethyl-butene to provide the respective n-hexyl, n-octyl, 3-phenylpropyl and 3,3-dimethyl-butyl magnesium organometallics. The facility for and the regiodiscrimination of these reactions are profoundly affected by the steric demands of the alkene reagent. Reactions with the phenyl-substituted alkenes, styrene and 1,1-diphenylethene, require a more elevated temperature of 100 °C with styrene providing a mixture of the 2-phenylethyl and 1-phenylethyl products over 7 days. Although the reaction with 1,1-diphenylethene yields the magnesium 1,1-diphenylethyl derivative as the sole reaction product, only 64% conversion was achieved over a 21 day timeframe. Reactions with the α,ω-dienes, 1,5-hexadiene and 1,7-octadiene, provided divergent results. The initial 5-alkenyl magnesium reaction product of the shorter chain diene undergoes 5-exo-trig cyclisation via intramolecular carbomagnesiation to provide a cyclopentylmethyl derivative, which was shown by X-ray diffraction analysis to exist as a three-coordinate monomer. In contrast, 1,7-octadiene provided a mixture of two compounds, a magnesium oct-7-en-1-yl derivative and a dimagnesium-octane-1,4-diide, as a result of single or two-fold activation of the terminal C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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C double bonds. The magnesium hydride was unreactive towards internal alkenes apart from the strained bicycle, norbornene, allowing the characterisation of the resultant three-coordinate magnesium norbornyl derivative by X-ray diffraction analysis. Computational analysis of the reaction between [(BDI)MgH]2 and 1-hexene using density functional theory (DFT) indicated that the initial Mg–H/C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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C insertion process is rate determining and takes place at the intact magnesium hydride dimer. This exothermic reaction (ΔH = –14.1 kcal mol–1) traverses a barrier of 18.9 kcal mol–1 and results in the rupture of the dinuclear structure into magnesium alkyl and hydride species. Although the latter three-coordinate hydride derivative may be prone to redimerisation, it can also provide a further pathway to magnesium alkyl species through its direct reaction with a further equivalent of 1-hexene, which occurs via a lower barrier of 15.1 kcal mol–1. This Mg–H/C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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C insertion reactivity provides the basis for the catalytic hydrosilylation of terminal alkenes with PhSiH3, which proceeds with a preference for the formation of the anti-Markovnikov organosilane product. Further DFT calculations reveal that the catalytic reaction is predicated on a sequence of Mg–H/C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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C insertion and classical Si–H/Mg–C σ-bond metathesis reactions, the latter of which, with a barrier height of 24.9 kcal mol–1, is found to be rate determining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Garcia
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath , BA2 7AY , UK .
| | - Chiara Dinoi
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS , INSA , UPS , UMR 5215 , LPCNO , 135 Avenue de Rangueil , F-31077 Toulouse , France
| | - Mary F Mahon
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath , BA2 7AY , UK .
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS , INSA , UPS , UMR 5215 , LPCNO , 135 Avenue de Rangueil , F-31077 Toulouse , France
| | - Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath , BA2 7AY , UK .
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Michael S. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
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23
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Patnaik S, Sadow AD. Interconverting Lanthanum Hydride and Borohydride Catalysts for C=O Reduction and C−O Bond Cleavage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2505-2509. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Smita Patnaik
- Department of Chemistry and US Department of Energy Ames Laboratory Iowa State University 1605 Gilman Hall Ames IA USA
| | - Aaron D. Sadow
- Department of Chemistry and US Department of Energy Ames Laboratory Iowa State University 1605 Gilman Hall Ames IA USA
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24
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Patnaik S, Sadow AD. Interconverting Lanthanum Hydride and Borohydride Catalysts for C=O Reduction and C−O Bond Cleavage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Smita Patnaik
- Department of Chemistry and US Department of Energy Ames Laboratory Iowa State University 1605 Gilman Hall Ames IA USA
| | - Aaron D. Sadow
- Department of Chemistry and US Department of Energy Ames Laboratory Iowa State University 1605 Gilman Hall Ames IA USA
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25
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Liu Y, Solari E, Scopelliti R, Fadaei Tirani F, Severin K. Lewis Acid-Mediated One-Electron Reduction of Nitrous Oxide. Chemistry 2018; 24:18809-18815. [PMID: 30426605 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The one-electron reduction of nitrous oxide (N2 O) was achieved using strong Lewis acids E(C6 F5 )3 (E=B or Al) in combination with metallocenes. In the case of B(C6 F5 )3 , electron transfer to N2 O required a powerful reducing agent such as Cp*2 Co (Cp*=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl). In the presence of Al(C6 F5 )3 , on the other hand, the reactions could be performed with weaker reducing agents such as Cp*2 Fe or Cp2 Fe (Cp=cyclopentadienyl). The Lewis acid-mediated electron transfer from the metallocene to N2 O resulted in cleavage of the N-O bond, generating N2 and the oxyl radical anion [OE(C6 F5 )3 ]⋅- . The latter is highly reactive and engages in C-H activation reactions. It was possible to trap the radical by addition of the Gomberg dimer, which acts as a source of the trityl radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhu Liu
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Euro Solari
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei Tirani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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26
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Pérez-Jiménez M, Campos J, López-Serrano J, Carmona E. Reactivity of a trans-[H-Mo[quadruple bond, length as m-dash]Mo-H] unit towards alkenes and alkynes: bimetallic migratory insertion, H-elimination and other reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:9186-9189. [PMID: 30062330 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04945a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Complex [Mo2(H)2{μ-HC(NDipp)2}2(THF)2], (1·THF), reacts with C2H4 and PhCH[double bond, length as m-dash]CH2 to afford hydrido-hydrocarbyl and bis(hydrocarbyl) derivatives of the Mo[quadruple bond, length as m-dash]Mo bond. Reversible migratory insertion and β-hydrogen elimination, as well as reductive elimination and other reactions, have been uncovered. PhC[triple bond, length as m-dash]CH behaves instead as a Brönsted-Lowry acid towards the strongly basic Mo-H bonds of 1·THF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Pérez-Jiménez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovaciones Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
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Mukherjee D, Okuda J. A monoanionic NNNN-type macrocyclic ligand for electropositive metal centers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:2701-2714. [PMID: 29446421 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09798k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The coordination of a mono(amido) triamine macrocyclic ligand Me3TACD derived from cyclen (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane or [12]aneN4) toward electropositive metal centers is surveyed. This NNNN-type monoanionic macrocyclic ligand is capable of stabilizing a variety of metal coordination environments that are commonly not amenable to stable coordination spheres. Metal complexes supported by Me3TACD include hydrides, hydrocarbyls, silyls, and amides. Protection of one hemisphere of a large metal center allows, as in the case of metallocene scaffolds for early transition metals, deaggregation and control of reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Mukherjee
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany.
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Lemmerz LE, Spaniol TP, Okuda J. 1,4-Dihydropyridyl complexes of magnesium: synthesis by pyridine insertion into the magnesium–silicon bond of triphenylsilyls and catalytic pyridine hydrofunctionalization. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12553-12561. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01466c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium triphenylsilyl complexes [Mg(SiPh3)2(THF)2] and [(Me3TACD)Mg(SiPh3)] ((Me3TACD)H = 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane) serve as precursors for 1,4-dihydropyridyl complexes of magnesium which are active in the hydroboration of pyridine.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. E. Lemmerz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
| | - T. P. Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
| | - J. Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
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Beh DW, Piers WE, del Rosal I, Maron L, Gelfand BS, Gendy C, Lin JB. Scandium alkyl and hydride complexes supported by a pentadentate diborate ligand: reactions with CO2 and N2O. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:13680-13688. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03313g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Alkyl and hydrido scandium complexes of the dianionic pentadentate ligand B2Pz4Py are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W. Beh
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calgary
- Calgary
- Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Chris Gendy
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calgary
- Calgary
- Canada
| | - Jian-Bin Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calgary
- Calgary
- Canada
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Banerjee S, Ankur A, Andrews A, Venugopal A. A disguised hydride in a butylmagnesium cation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5788-5791. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc03127d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of a butylmagnesium cation provides a new perspective on the concept of β-hydride abstraction in s-block chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Banerjee
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Vithura
- India
| | - Ankur Ankur
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Vithura
- India
| | - Alex Andrews
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Vithura
- India
| | - Ajay Venugopal
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Vithura
- India
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Rauch M, Parkin G. Insertion of CS2into the Mg–H bond: synthesis and structural characterization of the magnesium dithioformate complex, [TismPriBenz]Mg(κ2-S2CH). Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12596-12605. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01947a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Insertion of CS2into the Mg–H bond of [TismPriBenz]MgH affords [TismPriBenz]Mg(κ2-S2CH), the first structurally characterized magnesium dithioformate compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rauch
- Department of Chemistry
- Columbia University
- New York
- USA
| | - Gerard Parkin
- Department of Chemistry
- Columbia University
- New York
- USA
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Rauch M, Parkin G. Zinc and Magnesium Catalysts for the Hydrosilylation of Carbon Dioxide. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18162-18165. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rauch
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Gerard Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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Shi X, Hou C, Zhou C, Song Y, Cheng J. A Molecular Barium Hydrido Complex Stabilized by a Super-Bulky Hydrotris(pyrazolyl)borate Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:16650-16653. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201709344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China
| | - Cuiping Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun Branch; Changchun 130022 China
| | - Chulu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun Branch; Changchun 130022 China
| | - Yanyao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China
| | - Jianhua Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China
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Shi X, Hou C, Zhou C, Song Y, Cheng J. A Molecular Barium Hydrido Complex Stabilized by a Super-Bulky Hydrotris(pyrazolyl)borate Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201709344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China
| | - Cuiping Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun Branch; Changchun 130022 China
| | - Chulu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun Branch; Changchun 130022 China
| | - Yanyao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China
| | - Jianhua Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China
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Lemmerz LE, Leich V, Martin D, Spaniol TP, Okuda J. Silyl–Hydrosilane Exchange at a Magnesium Triphenylsilyl Complex Supported by a Cyclen-Derived NNNN-Type Macrocyclic Ligand. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:14979-14990. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lara E. Lemmerz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Valeri Leich
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniel Martin
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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36
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Lortie JL, Dudding T, Gabidullin BM, Nikonov GI. Zinc-Catalyzed Hydrosilylation and Hydroboration of N-Heterocycles. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John L. Lortie
- Department
of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Travis Dudding
- Department
of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Bulat M. Gabidullin
- X-ray
Core Facility, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, 150 Louis
Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Georgii I. Nikonov
- Department
of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
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Rauch M, Ruccolo S, Parkin G. Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of a Terminal Magnesium Hydride Compound with a Carbatrane Motif, [Tism PriBenz]MgH: A Multifunctional Catalyst for Hydrosilylation and Hydroboration. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:13264-13267. [PMID: 28901762 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b06719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The tris[(1-isopropylbenzimidazol-2-yl)dimethylsilyl)]methyl ligand, [TismPriBenz], has been employed to form the magnesium carbatrane compound, [TismPriBenz]MgH, which possesses a terminal hydride ligand. Specifically, [TismPriBenz]MgH is obtained via the reaction of [TismPriBenz]MgMe with PhSiH3. The reactivity of [TismPriBenz]MgMe and [TismPriBenz]MgH allows access to a variety of other structurally characterized carbatrane derivatives, including [TismPriBenz]MgX [X = F, Cl, Br, I, SH, N(H)Ph, CH(Me)Ph, O2CMe, S2CMe]. In addition, [TismPriBenz]MgH is a catalyst for (i) hydrosilylation and hydroboration of styrene to afford the Markovnikov products, Ph(Me)C(H)SiH2Ph and Ph(Me)C(H)Bpin, and (ii) hydroboration of carbodiimides and pyridine to form N-boryl formamidines and N-boryl 1,4- and 1,2-dihydropyridines, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rauch
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Serge Ruccolo
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Gerard Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
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38
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Xie H, Liu X, Cui D. Regioselective Ring Opening Reactions of Pyridine N-Oxide Analogues by Magnesium Hydride Complexes. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Xie
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Branch, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xinli Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
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Baishya A, Peddarao T, Nembenna S. Organomagnesium amide catalyzed cross-dehydrocoupling of organosilanes with amines. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:5880-5887. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00806f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Heteroleptic organomagnesium complex pre-catalyzed cross-dehydrocoupling of silanes with amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashim Baishya
- School of Chemical Sciences
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)
- HBNI
- Bhubaneswar
- India 752050
| | - Thota Peddarao
- School of Chemical Sciences
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)
- HBNI
- Bhubaneswar
- India 752050
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)
- HBNI
- Bhubaneswar
- India 752050
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40
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Schnitzler S, Cui P, Spaniol TP, Okuda J. Molecular magnesium hydrides supported by an anionic triazacyclononane-type ligand. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:1761-1765. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04654a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A dimeric magnesium hydride supported by a monoanionic TACN-type ligand is formed by an unusual rearrangement of an unstable mononuclear complex with a terminal Mg–H bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Schnitzler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
| | - P. Cui
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
| | - T. P. Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
| | - J. Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
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