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Amthor S, Ranu K, Bellido CG, Salomón FF, Piccioni A, Mazzaro R, Boscherini F, Pasquini L, Gil-Sepulcre M, Llobet A. Robust Molecular Anodes for Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation Based on Electropolymerized Molecular Cu Complexes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308392. [PMID: 37814460 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
A multistep synthesis of a new tetra-amidate macrocyclic ligand functionalized with alkyl-thiophene moieties, 15,15-bis(6-(thiophen-3-yl)hexyl)-8,13-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,h][1,4,7,10]tetraazacyclotridecine-6,7,14,16(15H,17H)-tetraone, H4 L, is reported. The reaction of the deprotonated ligand, L4- , and Cu(II) generates the complex [LCu]2- , that can be further oxidized to Cu(III) with iodine to generate [LCu]- . The H4 L ligand and their Cu complexes have been thoroughly characterized by analytic and spectroscopic techniques (including X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy, XAS). Under oxidative conditions, the thiophene group of [LCu]2- complex polymerizes on the surface of graphitic electrodes (glassy carbon disks (GC), glassy carbon plates (GCp ), carbon nanotubes (CNT), or graphite felts (GF)) generating highly stable thin films. With CNTs deposited on a GC by drop casting, hybrid molecular materials labeled as GC/CNT@p-[LCu]2- are obtained. The latter are characterized by electrochemical techniques that show their capacity to electrocatalytically oxidize water to dioxygen at neutral pH. These new molecular anodes achieve current densities in the range of 0.4 mA cm-2 at 1.30 V versus NHE with an onset overpotential at ≈250 mV. Bulk electrolysis experiments show an excellent stability achieving TONs in the range of 7600 during 24 h with no apparent loss of catalytic activity and maintaining the molecular catalyst integrity, as evidenced by electrochemical techniques and XAS spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Amthor
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avinguda Països Catalans 16, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Koushik Ranu
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avinguda Països Catalans 16, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Carlos G Bellido
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avinguda Països Catalans 16, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Fernando F Salomón
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avinguda Països Catalans 16, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Alberto Piccioni
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, viale C. Berti Pichat 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| | - Raffaello Mazzaro
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, viale C. Berti Pichat 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| | - Federico Boscherini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, viale C. Berti Pichat 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| | - Luca Pasquini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, viale C. Berti Pichat 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| | - Marcos Gil-Sepulcre
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avinguda Països Catalans 16, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Antoni Llobet
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avinguda Països Catalans 16, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
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Opdam LV, Polanco EA, de Regt B, Lambertina N, Bakker C, Bonnet S, Pandit A. A screening method for binding synthetic metallo-complexes to haem proteins. Anal Biochem 2022; 653:114788. [PMID: 35732212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of a second coordination sphere, in the form of a protein scaffold, to synthetic catalysts can be beneficial for their reactivity and substrate selectivity. Here we present semi-native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (semi-native PAGE) as a rapid screening method for studying metal complex-protein interactions. Such a screening is generally performed using electron spray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and/or UV-Vis spectroscopy. Semi-native PAGE analysis has the advantage that it does not rely on spectral changes of the metal complex upon protein interaction and can be applied for high-throughput screening and optimization of complex binding. In semi-native PAGE non-denatured protein samples are loaded on a gel containing sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), leading to separation based on differences in structural stability. Semi-native PAGE gel runs of catalyst-protein mixtures were compared to gel runs obtained with native and denaturing PAGE. ESI-MS was additionally realised to confirm protein-complex binding. The general applicability of semi-native PAGE was investigated by screening the binding of various cobalt- and ruthenium-based compounds to three types of haem proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura V Opdam
- SSNMR/BPOC, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ehider A Polanco
- MCBIM Departments, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Boyd de Regt
- SSNMR/BPOC, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Cas Bakker
- SSNMR/BPOC, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sylvestre Bonnet
- MCBIM Departments, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Anjali Pandit
- SSNMR/BPOC, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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Bio-Inspired Molecular Catalysts for Water Oxidation. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11091068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic tetranuclear manganese-calcium-oxo cluster in the photosynthetic reaction center, photosystem II, provides an excellent blueprint for light-driven water oxidation in nature. The water oxidation reaction has attracted intense interest due to its potential as a renewable, clean, and environmentally benign source of energy production. Inspired by the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II, a large of number of highly innovative synthetic bio-inspired molecular catalysts are being developed that incorporate relatively cheap and abundant metals such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu, as well as Ru and Ir, in their design. In this review, we briefly discuss the historic milestones that have been achieved in the development of transition metal catalysts and focus on a detailed description of recent progress in the field.
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Hoque MA, Gil-Sepulcre M, de Aguirre A, Elemans JAAW, Moonshiram D, Matheu R, Shi Y, Benet-Buchholz J, Sala X, Malfois M, Solano E, Lim J, Garzón-Manjón A, Scheu C, Lanza M, Maseras F, Gimbert-Suriñach C, Llobet A. Water oxidation electrocatalysis using ruthenium coordination oligomers adsorbed on multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Nat Chem 2020; 12:1060-1066. [PMID: 32989272 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-0548-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical cells that utilize water as a source of electrons are one of the most attractive solutions for the replacement of fossil fuels by clean and sustainable solar fuels. To achieve this, heterogeneous water oxidation catalysis needs to be mastered and properly understood. The search continues for a catalyst that is stable at the surface of electro(photo)anodes and can efficiently perform this reaction at the desired neutral pH. Here, we show how oligomeric Ru complexes can be anchored on the surfaces of graphitic materials through CH-π interactions between the auxiliary ligands bonded to Ru and the hexagonal rings of the graphitic surfaces, providing control of their molecular coverage. These hybrid molecular materials behave as molecular electroanodes that catalyse water oxidation to dioxygen at pH 7 with high current densities. This strategy for the anchoring of molecular catalysts on graphitic surfaces can potentially be extended to other transition metals and other catalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Asmaul Hoque
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marcos Gil-Sepulcre
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Adiran de Aguirre
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Dooshaye Moonshiram
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Madrid, Spain
| | - Roc Matheu
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Tarragona, Spain.,Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nanoscience and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Jordi Benet-Buchholz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Xavier Sala
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Malfois
- NCD-SWEET beamline, ALBA synchrotron light source, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Solano
- NCD-SWEET beamline, ALBA synchrotron light source, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joohyun Lim
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Christina Scheu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mario Lanza
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nanoscience and Technology, Suzhou, China.
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Tarragona, Spain. .,Departament de Química, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carolina Gimbert-Suriñach
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Antoni Llobet
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Tarragona, Spain. .,Departament de Química, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Rountree ES, McCarthy BD, Dempsey JL. Decoding Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer with Potential–pKa Diagrams: Applications to Catalysis. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:6647-6658. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric S. Rountree
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Brian D. McCarthy
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Jillian L. Dempsey
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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Matheu R, Ertem MZ, Gimbert-Suriñach C, Sala X, Llobet A. Seven Coordinated Molecular Ruthenium–Water Oxidation Catalysts: A Coordination Chemistry Journey. Chem Rev 2019; 119:3453-3471. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roc Matheu
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mehmed Z. Ertem
- Chemistry Division, Energy & Photon Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Carolina Gimbert-Suriñach
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Xavier Sala
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Llobet
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Yang J, An J, Tong L, Long B, Fan T, Duan L. Sulfur Coordination Effects on the Stability and Activity of a Ruthenium-Based Water Oxidation Catalyst. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:3137-3144. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Junxue An
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-75123, Sweden
| | - Lianpeng Tong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Baihua Long
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Ting Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - Lele Duan
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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