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Belosludov RV, Nevonen DE, Nemykin VN. Accurate Prediction of the Excited States in the Fully Conjugated Porphyrin Tapes across the Full Spectral Range: A Story of the Interplay between π-π* and Intramolecular Charge-Transfer Transitions in Soft Chromophores. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:2480-2491. [PMID: 33734683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The ability of density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) methods for the accurate prediction of the energies and oscillator strengths of the excited states in a series of fully conjugated meso-meso β-β β-β triple-linked porphyrin oligomers (porphyrin tapes 2-12) was probed in the gas phase and solution using several exchange-correlation functionals. It was demonstrated that the use of the hybrid B3LYP functional provides a good compromise for the accurate prediction of the localized π-π* and intramolecular charge-transfer transitions, thus allowing confident interpretation of the UV-vis-NIR spectra of porphyrin oligomers. The TDDFT-based sum-over-state (SOS) calculations for the porphyrin tape dimer 2 and trimer 3 as well as parent monomer 1 correctly predicted the signs and shapes of the magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) signals in the low-energy region of the spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodion V Belosludov
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Dustin E Nevonen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Victor N Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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Nemykin VN, Nevonen DE, Ferch LS, Shepit M, Herbert DE, van Lierop J. Accurate Prediction of Mössbauer Hyperfine Parameters in Bis-Axially Coordinated Iron(II) Phthalocyanines Using Density Functional Theory Calculations: A Story of a Single Orbital Revealed by Natural Bond Orbital Analysis. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:3690-3706. [PMID: 33651595 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations coupled with several exchange-correlation functionals were used for the prediction of Mössbauer hyperfine parameters of 36 bis-axially coordinated iron(II) phthalocyanine complexes with the general formulas PcFeL2, PcFeL'L″, and [PcFeX2]2-, including four new compounds. Both gas-phase and PCM calculations using BPW91 and MN12L exchange-correlation functionals were found to accurately predict both Mössbauer quadrupole splittings and the correct trends in experimentally observed isomer shifts. In comparison, hybrid exchange-correlation functionals underestimated quadrupole splittings, while still accurately predicted isomer shifts. Out of ∼40 exchange-correlation functionals tested, only MN12L was found to correctly reproduce quadrupole splitting trends in the PcFeL2 complexes coordinated with phosphorus-donor axial ligands (i.e., P(OnBu)3 ≈ P(OEt)3 < PMe3 < P[(CH2O)2CH2]-p-C6H4NO2 < PEt3 ≈ PnBu3). Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis was successfully used to explain the general trends in the observed quadrupole splitting for all compounds of interest. In particular, the general trends in the quadrupole splitting correlate well with the axial ligand dependent, NBO-predicted population of the 3dz2 orbital of the Fe ion and are reflective of the hypothesis proposed by Ohya and co-workers ( Inorg. Chem., 1984, 23, 1303) on the adaptability of the phthalocyanine's π-system toward Fe-Lax interactions. The first X-ray crystal structure of a PcFeL2 complex with axial phosphine ligands is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor N Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Dustin E Nevonen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Laura S Ferch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Michael Shepit
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - David E Herbert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Johan van Lierop
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasco F. Batista
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diana C. G. A. Pinto
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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Wang HX, Wan Q, Low KH, Zhou CY, Huang JS, Zhang JL, Che CM. Stable group 8 metal porphyrin mono- and bis(dialkylcarbene) complexes: synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2243-2259. [PMID: 32180931 PMCID: PMC7047983 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05432d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkyl-substituted carbene (CHR or CR2, R = alkyl) complexes have been extensively studied for alkylcarbene (CHR) ligands coordinated with high-valent early transition metal ions (a.k.a. Schrock carbenes or alkylidenes), yet dialkylcarbene (CR2) complexes remain less developed with bis(dialkylcarbene) species being little (if at all) explored. Herein, several group 8 metal porphyrin dialkylcarbene complexes, including Fe- and Ru-mono(dialkylcarbene) complexes [M(Por)(Ad)] (1a,b, M = Fe, Por = porphyrinato dianion, Ad = 2-adamantylidene; 2a,b, M = Ru) and Os-bis(dialkylcarbene) complexes [Os(Por)(Ad)2] (3a-c), are synthesized and crystallographically characterized. Detailed investigations into their electronic structures reveal that these complexes are formally low-valent M(ii)-carbene in nature. These complexes display remarkable thermal stability and chemical inertness, which are rationalized by a synergistic effect of strong metal-carbene covalency, hyperconjugation, and a rigid diamondoid carbene skeleton. Various spectroscopic techniques and DFT calculations suggest that the dialkylcarbene Ad ligand is unique compared to other common carbene ligands as it acts as both a potent σ-donor and π-acceptor; its unique electronic and structural features, together with the steric effect of the porphyrin macrocycle, make its Fe porphyrin complex 1a an active and robust catalyst for intermolecular diarylcarbene transfer reactions including cyclopropanation (up to 90% yield) and X-H (X = S, N, O, C) insertion (up to 99% yield) reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong SAR , China .
| | - Qingyun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong SAR , China .
| | - Kam-Hung Low
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong SAR , China .
| | - Cong-Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong SAR , China .
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Jie-Sheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong SAR , China .
| | - Jun-Long Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing , China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong SAR , China .
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation , Shenzhen , China
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Zhang Y. Computational Investigations of Heme Carbenes and Heme Carbene Transfer Reactions. Chemistry 2019; 25:13231-13247. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Stevens Institute of Technology 1 Castle Point on Hudson Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
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