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Wang Y, Nisbet ML, Kamp KR, Hiralal E, Gautier R, Halasyamani PS, Poeppelmeier KR. Beyond π-π Stacking: Understanding Inversion Symmetry Breaking in Crystalline Racemates. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37486820 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The design of noncentrosymmetric (NCS) solid state materials, specifically how to break inversion symmetry between enantiomers, has intrigued chemists, physicists, and materials scientists for many years. Because the chemical complexity of molecular racemic building units is so varied, targeting these materials is poorly understood. Previously, three isostructural racemic compounds with a formula of [Cu(H2O)(bpy)2]2[MF6]2·2H2O (bpy = 2,2'=bipyridine; M = Ti, Zr, Hf) were shown to crystallize in the NCS space group Pna21, of polar, achiral crystal class mm2. In this work, we synthesized five new racemic compounds with the formula [Cu(H2O)(dmbpy)2]2[MF6]2·xH2O (dmbpy = 4,4'/5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine; M = Ti, Zr, Hf). Single crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that the five newly synthesized compounds feature equimolar combinations of Δ- and Λ-Cu(dmbpy)2(H2O)2+ complexes that are assembled into packing motifs similar to those found in the reported NCS structure but all crystallize in centrosymmetric (CS) space groups. Seven structural descriptors were created to analyze the intermolecular interactions on the assembly of Cu racemates in the CS and NCS structures. The structural analysis reveals that in the CS structures, the inversion center results from parallel heterochiral π-π stacking interactions between adjacent Cu racemates regardless of cation geometries, hydrogen bonding networks, or interlayer architectures, whereas in the NCS structure, nonparallel heterochiral π-π interactions between the adjacent Cu racemates preclude an inversion center. The parallel heterochiral π-π interactions in the CS structures can be rationalized by the restrained geometries of the methyl-substituted ligands. This work demonstrates that the introduction of nonparallel stacking can suppress the formation of an inversion center for an NCS racemate. A conceptual framework and practical approach linking the absence of inversion symmetry in racemates is presented for all NCS crystal classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matthew L Nisbet
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kendall R Kamp
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Emily Hiralal
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Romain Gautier
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS, Nates cedex 3 F-44000, France
| | - P Shiv Halasyamani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 112 Fleming Building, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Kenneth R Poeppelmeier
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Bazhan RV, Nalbandyan VB, Vasilchikova TM, Koo HJ, Whangbo MH, Vasiliev AN. Successive short- and long-range magnetic ordering in rosiaite-type CoGeTeO 6 prepared by ion-exchange reaction. Dalton Trans 2023. [PMID: 37377378 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01164j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The missing member of the rosiaite family, CoGeTeO6, was synthesized by mild ion-exchange reactions and characterized by magnetization M and specific heat Cp measurements. It exhibits a successive short- and long-range magnetic ordering at Tshort-range ≈ 45 K and TN = 15 K, respectively. Based on these measurements, the magnetic H-T phase diagram was established, showing two antiferromagnetic phases separated by a spin-flop transition. The reason why the pronounced short-range correlation occurs at a temperature nearly three times higher than TN was found by evaluating the Co-O⋯O-Co exchange interactions using energy-mapping analysis. Although CoGeTeO6 has a layered structure, its magnetic structure consists of three-dimensional antiferromagnetic lattices made up of rhombic boxes of Co2+ ions. The experimental data obtained at high temperatures agree well with the computational results by treating the Co2+ ions of CoGeTeO6 as S = 3/2 ions, but the heat capacity and magnetization data were obtained at low temperatures by treating the Co2+ ion as a Jeff = 1/2 ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman V Bazhan
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | | | - Tatyana M Vasilchikova
- Department of Low Temperature Physics and Superconductivity, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Functional Quantum Materials Laboratory, National University of Science and Technology "MISiS", Moscow 119049, Russia
| | - Hyun-Joo Koo
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Hwan Whangbo
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204, USA
| | - Alexander N Vasiliev
- Functional Quantum Materials Laboratory, National University of Science and Technology "MISiS", Moscow 119049, Russia
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Qin J, Jiang P, Lu G, Wang R, Yang T. Temperature-driven order-disorder structural transition in the oxygen sub-lattice and the complex superstructure of the high-temperature polymorph of CaSrZn 2Ga 2O 7. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:18549-18561. [PMID: 36444814 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03145k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Structural order-disorder plays a decisive role in the physical properties of materials, such as magnetism, second-order harmonic generation, and ionic conductivity, and it is thus widely utilized to manipulate the crystal structure and understand structure-property correlations. Herein, we report the structural polymorphism, complex crystal structure and temperature-driven irreversible order-disorder phase transition of the polar oxides (Sr1-xCax)SrZn2Ga2O7. The low-temperature (LT) structure crystallizes in Pna21 with partial Zn/Ga ordering. Upon heating, (Sr1-xCax)SrZn2Ga2O7 undergoes an irreversible phase transition from orthorhombic Pna21 to hexagonal P63. Interestingly, the high-temperature (HT) P63 structure possesses an unexpected 3/2-fold superstructure rather than a substructure of the low-temperature (LT) Pna21 structure, which is a rare structural phenomenon in solid-state chemistry. This new HT superstructure is the most complex one in this series of oxides with 21 crystallographically independent sites determined accurately by a combination of the maximum entropy method and Rietveld refinement against high-resolution neutron powder diffraction data. In terms of the mechanism, this is a temperature-driven order-to-disorder transition in the oxygen sublattice. A careful structural analysis revealed that the oxygen disordering mainly occurs in the [SrO3] layers of the HT structure and it can be understood as respective clockwise and anticlockwise rotations of distinct GaO4-tetrahedra along the c-axis. Alternating current electrochemical impedance spectroscopic analysis revealed that the oxygen disordering in the HT structure is incapable of giving rise to oxide ionic conductivity but does lead to increased electronic conduction compared to the LT structure. The optical properties of the CaSrZn2Ga2O7 and Sr2Zn2Ga2O7 representatives are also investigated in-depth via diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and theoretic calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Pengfei Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Guangxiang Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
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Moovendaran K, Kalaivanan R, Muthuselvam IP, Babu KR, Lee S, Lee CH, Bayikadi KS, Dhenadhayalan N, Chen WT, Wang CW, Lai YC, iizuka Y, Choi KY, Nalbandyan VB, Sankar R. Triangular Magnet Emergent from Noncentrosymmetric Sr 0.94Mn 0.86Te 1.14O 6 Single Crystals. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:19058-19066. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - I. Panneer Muthuselvam
- Department of Physics (MMV), Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - K. Ramesh Babu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Suheon Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - C. H. Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Wei-Tin Chen
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences and Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Taiwan Consortium of Emergent Crystalline Materials, Ministry of Science and Technology, Taipei 10622, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Wei Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chung Lai
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yoshiyuki iizuka
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Yong Choi
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Raman Sankar
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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Dielectric, AC Conductivity, and DC Conductivity Behaviours of Sr 2CaTeO 6 Double Perovskite. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15124363. [PMID: 35744420 PMCID: PMC9227468 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Relatively new double perovskite material, Sr2CaTeO6, has been prepared through conventional solid-state procedures. Structural, dielectric, and optical characteristics of this exquisite solid-state material were analysed in this study. The single-phase monoclinic P21/n structure of this prepared compound was well correlated with the literature review. Good distribution of grain sizes and shapes was observed in the morphological study of this compound. The discussions on its optical and dielectric properties are included in this manuscript. High dielectric real permittivity, low dielectric loss, and good capacitance over a range of temperatures possessed by this compound, as shown in dielectric and electrical modulus studies, indicated good potential values for capacitor applications. The Ro(RgQg)(RgbQgb) circuit fitted well with the impedance and electrical modulus plot of the compound. Its relatively high electrical DC conductivity in grain at high frequencies and its increasing value with the temperature are typical of a semiconductor behaviour. This behaviour might be attributed to the presence of minor oxygen vacancies within its lattice structure and provides a long-range conduction mechanism. A small difference between activation energy and Ea of DC conductivity indicates that the same charge carriers were involved in both grains and the grain boundaries’ long-range conduction. The electrical AC conductivity of this compound was found to contribute to the dielectric loss in grain structure and can be related to Jonscher’s power law. The presence of polarons in this compound was exhibited by non-overlapping small polaron tunnelling (NSPT) and overlapping large polaron tunnelling (OLPT) conduction mechanisms over a range of temperatures. Wide optical band gap and Eopt in the range of 2.6 eV to 3.6 eV were determined by using an indirect and direct allowed mechanism of electrons transitions. These values supported the efficient semiconducting behaviour of the grain in this material and are suitable for applications in the semiconductor industry.
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Wang D, Gong P, Zhang X, Lin Z, Hu Z, Wu Y. Centrosymmetric Rb[Te2O4(OH)5] and noncentrosymmetric K2[Te3O8(OH)4]: metal tellurates with corner and edge-sharing (Te4O18)12- anion group. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00399f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals have become urgent need for extending laser wavelengths. By cation substitution between alkali metal (K+, Rb+), anion group arrangement transition were realized, and centrosymmetric Rb[Te2O4(OH)5]...
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Fang Z, Jiang P, Avdeev M, Wei H, Wang R, Jiang X, Yang T. A 3A' 3Zn 6Te 4O 24 (A = Na, A' = Rare Earth) Garnets: A-Site Ordered Noncentrosymmetric Structure, Photoluminescence, and Na-Ion Conductivity. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:18168-18177. [PMID: 34784215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A large number of oxides that adopt the centrosymmetric (CS) garnet-type structure (space group Ia3̅d) have been widely studied as promising magnetic and host materials. Hitherto, no noncentrosymmetric (NCS) garnet has been reported yet, and a strategy to NCS garnet design is therefore significant for expanding the application scope. Herein, for the series A3A'3Zn6Te4O24 (A = Na, A' = La, Eu, Nd, Y, and Lu), we demonstrated that the structural symmetry evolution from CS Ia3̅d (A' = La) to NCS I4122 (A' = Eu, Nd, Y, and Lu) could be achieved due to the A-site cationic ordering-driven inversion symmetry breaking. Na3A'3Zn6Te4O24 (A' = rare earth) are the first garnets that possess NCS structures with A-site cationic ordering. Diffuse reflectance spectra and theoretic calculations demonstrated that all these NCS garnets are indirect semiconductors. Moreover, their potential applications as host materials for red phosphors and Na-ion conductors were also investigated in detail, which firmly confirmed the NCS structure and A-site cationic ordering. Our findings have paved the way to design NCS or even polar garnets that show intriguing functional properties, such as ferroelectricity, multiferroicity, and second harmonic generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Fang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Maxim Avdeev
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia.,School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Hengwei Wei
- Basic Experimental Teaching Centre, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Xingxing Jiang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tao Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
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Griffith KJ, Ding F, Flynn S. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance of spin-9/2 nuclei 115 In and 209 Bi in functional inorganic complex oxides. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2021; 59:1077-1088. [PMID: 34081358 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Indium and bismuth are technologically important elements, in particular as oxides for optoelectronic applications. 115 In and 209 Bi are both I = 9/2 nuclei with high natural abundances and moderately high frequencies but large nuclear electric quadrupole moments. Leveraging the quadrupolar interaction as a measure of local symmetry and polyhedral distortions for these nuclei could provide powerful insights on a range of applied materials. However, the absence of reported nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) parameters on these nuclei, particularly in oxides, hinders their use by the broader materials community. In this contribution, solid-state 115 In and 209 Bi NMR of three recently discovered quaternary bismuth or indium oxides are reported, supported by density functional theory calculations, numerical simulations, diffraction and additional multinuclear (27 Al, 69,71 Ga, and 121 Sb) solid-state NMR measurements. The compounds LiIn2 SbO6 , BiAlTeO6 , and BiGaTeO6 are measured without special equipment at 9.4 T, demonstrating that wideline techniques such as the QCPMG pulse sequence and frequency-stepped acquisition can enable straightforward extraction of quadrupolar tensor information in I = 9/2 115 In and 209 Bi even in sites with large quadrupolar coupling constants. Relationships are described between the NMR observables and local site symmetry. These are amongst the first reports of the NMR parameters of 115 In, 121 Sb, and 209 Bi in oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent J Griffith
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Fenghua Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Steven Flynn
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
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Understanding the structural, optical, and dielectric characteristics of SrLaLiTe 1-xMn xO 6 perovskites. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9744. [PMID: 33963258 PMCID: PMC8105392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In electronic applications, good dielectric permittivity material has huge potential in the capacitive energy storage devices. Herein, in the present work the dielectric study of SrLaLiTe1-xMnxO6 (x = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10) double perovskites has been studied and discussed. These compounds were prepared through solid-state reaction method. All of the prepared compounds were confirmed to crystallized in monoclinic structure of P21/n space symmetry with better crystallization when dopant concentrations increased until x = 0.08. The formation of Li-O-Te/Mn bonds in octahedral structures in all compounds were confirmed in this study. The existence of peaks at specific wavenumbers indicated vibrations of B-site cations' bonds. When dopant amounts were increased from x = 0.02 to x = 0.08, there was an increasing trend of grains sizes formation in the compounds. The discussions on effects of grain sizes towards dielectric properties were included in this paper. Other important results and discussions comprised of the significant effects of dopant on the optical band gap (Eopt) and absorption frequencies of the compounds. The decreasing trend of Eopt towards semiconductor range indicated the compounds' promising potentials for optoelectronic device application.
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Shang M, Halasyamani PS. Mixed-valent selenium compounds: Noncentrosymmetric Cd3(SeO3)2(SeO4) and Hg3(SeO3)2(SeO4) and centrosymmetric Pb2(SeO3) (SeO4). J SOLID STATE CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Li PF, Kong F, Mao JG. MII2M3IIIF3(Te6F2O16) (MII = Pb, Ba; MIII = Al, Ga): New mixed anionic tellurites with isolated Te6 coplanar rings. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hallas AM, Morosan E. Sr(M,Te) 2O 6 (M = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni): A Magnetically Dilute Family of Honeycomb Tellurates. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:6993-6999. [PMID: 31038940 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterization of five new honeycomb tellurates with the PbSb2O6 structure type. These materials, SrM2/3Te4/3O6 (M = Cr, Mn, Fe) and SrM1/2Te3/2O6 (M = Co, Ni), are prepared by conventional solid state synthesis. Rietveld refinements of powder X-ray and neutron diffraction data reveal that these materials crystallize in the P3̅1 m space group, in which M and Te are octahedrally coordinated and randomly distributed over the honeycomb sublattice. In three of these materials (M = Cr, Mn, Fe), the transition metal takes a 3+ oxidation state, and hence, charge neutrality necessitates that the honeycomb sublattice is 66% occupied by nonmagnetic Te. In the remaining two of these materials (M = Co, Ni), the transition metal takes a 2+ oxidation state, requiring that 75% of the honeycomb lattice is occupied by nonmagnetic Te. Thus, the honeycomb sublattice is highly diluted, as only 33% or 25% of the sites are occupied by a magnetic ion. These occupation values fall well-below the percolation threshold for the honeycomb lattice, p c = 70%. Accordingly, magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal no magnetic order or spin freezing down to 1.8 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alannah M Hallas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Emilia Morosan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
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New cadmium-selenium-oxyhalides: Noncentrosymmetric Cd5(SeO3)4Cl2(H2O) and centrosymmetric Cd2(SeO3)F2, Cd2(SeO3)(OH)Br. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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