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Tong KM, Toigo J, Patrick BO, Wolf MO. Rhenium(I) Complexes with Sulfur-Bridged Dipyridyl Ligands: Structural, Photophysical, and Computational Studies. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13662-13671. [PMID: 37555810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of six new rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes [Re(CO)3(N-N)Br] bearing sulfur-bridged dipyridyl (N-N) ligands with three different oxidation states (sulfide (S), sulfoxide (SO), and sulfone (SO2)) are described. Spectroscopic studies show that changing the oxidation state of the ligands influences the photophysical properties of the complexes, with complexes 3 and 6 containing the sulfone ligand exhibiting a lower energy MLCT absorption band tailing into the visible region. Solution-state emission measurements show that these complexes exhibit readily tunable emission energies from 480 to 610 nm, depending on the oxidation state of the sulfur bridge and the presence of substituents on the pyridyl rings. Solid-state emission measurements show that the emission is significantly red-shifted upon oxidation of the sulfur bridge to sulfone with enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Ming Tong
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Jessica Toigo
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Brian O Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Michael O Wolf
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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2
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Schmid L, Chábera P, Rüter I, Prescimone A, Meyer F, Yartsev A, Persson P, Wenger OS. Borylation in the Second Coordination Sphere of Fe II Cyanido Complexes and Its Impact on Their Electronic Structures and Excited-State Dynamics. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:15853-15863. [PMID: 36167335 PMCID: PMC9554916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
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Second coordination sphere interactions
of cyanido complexes with hydrogen-bonding solvents and Lewis acids
are known to influence their electronic structures, whereby the non-labile
attachment of B(C6F5)3 resulted in
several particularly interesting new compounds lately. Here, we investigate
the effects of borylation on the properties of two FeII cyanido complexes in a systematic manner by comparing five different
compounds and using a range of experimental techniques. Electrochemical
measurements indicate that borylation entails a stabilization of the
FeII-based t2g-like orbitals by up to 1.65 eV,
and this finding was confirmed by Mössbauer spectroscopy. This
change in the electronic structure has a profound impact on the UV–vis
absorption properties of the borylated complexes compared to the non-borylated
ones, shifting their metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) absorption
bands over a wide range. Ultrafast UV–vis transient absorption
spectroscopy provides insight into how borylation affects the excited-state
dynamics. The lowest metal-centered (MC) excited states become shorter-lived
in the borylated complexes compared to their cyanido analogues by
a factor of ∼10, possibly due to changes in outer-sphere reorganization
energies associated with their decay to the electronic ground state
as a result of B(C6F5)3 attachment
at the cyanido N lone pair. Borylation
in the second coordination sphere of two well-known
FeII cyanido complexes leads to isocyanoborato complexes.
The effects of borylation on their electronic structure and photophysical
properties are thoroughly investigated with a range of experimental
techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucius Schmid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pavel Chábera
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 12 4, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Isabelle Rüter
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alessandro Prescimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Arkady Yartsev
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 12 4, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Petter Persson
- Theoretical Chemistry Division, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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3
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Ossinger S, Prescimone A, Häussinger D, Wenger OS. Manganese(I) Complex with Monodentate Arylisocyanide Ligands Shows Photodissociation Instead of Luminescence. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:10533-10547. [PMID: 35768069 PMCID: PMC9377510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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Recently reported
manganese(I) complexes with chelating arylisocyanide
ligands exhibit luminescent metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT)
excited states, similar to ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes with
the same d6 valence electron configuration used for many
different applications in photophysics and photochemistry. However,
chelating arylisocyanide ligands require substantial synthetic effort,
and therefore it seemed attractive to explore the possibility of using
more readily accessible monodentate arylisocyanides instead. Here,
we synthesized the new Mn(I) complex [Mn(CNdippPhOMe2)6]PF6 with the known ligand CNdippPhOMe2 = 4-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2,6-diisopropylphenylisocyanide. This
complex was investigated by NMR spectroscopy, single-crystal structure
analysis, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
(HR-ESI-MS) measurements, IR spectroscopy supported by density functional
theory (DFT) calculations, cyclic voltammetry, and time-resolved as
well as steady-state UV–vis absorption spectroscopy. The key
finding is that the new Mn(I) complex is nonluminescent and instead
undergoes arylisocyanide ligand loss during continuous visible laser
irradiation into ligand-centered and charge-transfer absorption bands,
presumably owed to the population of dissociative d–d excited
states. Thus, it seems that chelating bi- or tridentate binding motifs
are essential for obtaining emissive MLCT excited states in manganese(I)
arylisocyanides. Our work contributes to understanding the basic properties
of photoactive first-row transition metal complexes and could help
advance the search for alternatives to precious metal-based luminophores,
photocatalysts, and sensors. We
report the synthesis, characterization, and X-ray crystal
structure of an octahedral manganese(I) complex with six monodentate
arylisocyanide ligands that undergoes photoinduced ligand loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Ossinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Prescimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Häussinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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4
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Schmid L, Glaser F, Schaer R, Wenger OS. High Triplet Energy Iridium(III) Isocyanoborato Complex for Photochemical Upconversion, Photoredox and Energy Transfer Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:963-976. [PMID: 34985882 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes are often chosen as catalysts for challenging photoredox and triplet-triplet-energy-transfer (TTET) catalyzed reactions, and they are of interest for upconversion into the ultraviolet spectral range. However, the triplet energies of commonly employed Ir(III) photosensitizers are typically limited to values around 2.5-2.75 eV. Here, we report on a new Ir(III) luminophore, with an unusually high triplet energy near 3.0 eV owing to the modification of a previously reported Ir(III) complex with isocyanoborato ligands. Compared to a nonborylated cyanido precursor complex, the introduction of B(C6F5)3 units in the second coordination sphere results in substantially improved photophysical properties, in particular a high luminescence quantum yield (0.87) and a long excited-state lifetime (13.0 μs), in addition to the high triplet energy. These favorable properties (including good long-term photostability) facilitate exceptionally challenging organic triplet photoreactions and (sensitized) triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion to a fluorescent singlet excited state beyond 4 eV, unusually deep in the ultraviolet region. The new Ir(III) complex photocatalyzes a sigmatropic shift and [2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions that are unattainable with common transition metal-based photosensitizers. In the presence of a sacrificial electron donor, it furthermore is applicable to demanding photoreductions, including dehalogenations, detosylations, and the degradation of a lignin model substrate. Our study demonstrates how rational ligand design of transition-metal complexes (including underexplored second coordination sphere effects) can be used to enhance their photophysical properties and thereby broaden their application potential in solar energy conversion and synthetic photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucius Schmid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Felix Glaser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raoul Schaer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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5
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Dinuclear ReI complex based on 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(diphenylphosphino)- pyridine: synthesis and luminescence properties. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2021.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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6
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Schmid L, Kerzig C, Prescimone A, Wenger OS. Photostable Ruthenium(II) Isocyanoborato Luminophores and Their Use in Energy Transfer and Photoredox Catalysis. JACS AU 2021; 1:819-832. [PMID: 34467335 PMCID: PMC8395604 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes are among the most popular sensitizers in photocatalysis, but they face some severe limitations concerning accessible excited-state energies and photostability that could hamper future applications. In this study, the borylation of heteroleptic ruthenium(II) cyanide complexes with α-diimine ancillary ligands is identified as a useful concept to elevate the energies of photoactive metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) states and to obtain unusually photorobust compounds suitable for thermodynamically challenging energy transfer catalysis as well as oxidative and reductive photoredox catalysis. B(C6F5)3 groups attached to the CN - ligands stabilize the metal-based t2g-like orbitals by ∼0.8 eV, leading to high 3MLCT energies (up to 2.50 eV) that are more typical for cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes. Through variation of their α-diimine ligands, nonradiative excited-state relaxation pathways involving higher-lying metal-centered states can be controlled, and their luminescence quantum yields and MLCT lifetimes can be optimized. These combined properties make the respective isocyanoborato complexes amenable to photochemical reactions for which common ruthenium(II)-based sensitizers are unsuited, due to a lack of sufficient triplet energy or excited-state redox power. Specifically, this includes photoisomerization reactions, sensitization of nickel-catalyzed cross-couplings, pinacol couplings, and oxidative decarboxylative C-C couplings. Our work is relevant in the greater context of tailoring photoactive coordination compounds to current challenges in synthetic photochemistry and solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucius Schmid
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Kerzig
- Department
of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University
Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Alessandro Prescimone
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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8
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Katkova SA, Luzyanin KV, Novikov AS, Kinzhalov MA. Modulation of luminescence properties for [cyclometalated]-Pt II(isocyanide) complexes upon co-crystallisation with halosubstituted perfluorinated arenes. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05457g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
C–X⋯Cl–Pt Halogen bonds and πh⋯dz2[PtII] contacts led to the 2-fold increase of phosphorescence quantum yields for [cyclometalated]-PtII(isocyanide) complexes upon co-crystallisation with halosubstituted perfluorinated arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana A. Katkova
- Saint Petersburg State University
- 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab
- Saint Petersburg 199034
- Russian Federation
| | | | - Alexander S. Novikov
- Saint Petersburg State University
- 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab
- Saint Petersburg 199034
- Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail A. Kinzhalov
- Saint Petersburg State University
- 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab
- Saint Petersburg 199034
- Russian Federation
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9
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Fajardo J, Schwan J, Kramer WW, Takase MK, Winkler JR, Gray HB. Third-Generation W(CNAr)6 Photoreductants (CNAr = Fused-Ring and Alkynyl-Bridged Arylisocyanides). Inorg Chem 2020; 60:3481-3491. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fajardo
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Josef Schwan
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Wesley W. Kramer
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Michael K. Takase
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jay R. Winkler
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Harry B. Gray
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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10
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Rhenium(I) polypyridine complexes coordinated to an ethyl-isonicotinate ligand: Luminescence and in vitro anti-cancer studies. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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11
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Cheng S, Chu W, Ko C, Phillips DL. Excited State Dynamics of Isocyano Rhenium(I) Phenanthroline Complexes from Time‐Resolved Spectroscopy. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:1946-1953. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shun‐Cheung Cheng
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong Hong Kong SAR China
- Department of Chemistry, TheUniversity of Hong Kong Chong Yuet Ming Chemistry Building Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Wing‐Kin Chu
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Chi‐Chiu Ko
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong Hong Kong SAR China
| | - David Lee Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, TheUniversity of Hong Kong Chong Yuet Ming Chemistry Building Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
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12
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Favale JM, Danilov EO, Yarnell JE, Castellano FN. Photophysical Processes in Rhenium(I) Diiminetricarbonyl Arylisocyanides Featuring Three Interacting Triplet Excited States. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:8750-8762. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Favale
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University (NCSU), Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Evgeny O. Danilov
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University (NCSU), Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - James E. Yarnell
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University (NCSU), Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Felix N. Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University (NCSU), Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
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