1
|
Koucký F, Dobrovolná T, Kotek J, Císařová I, Havlíčková J, Liška A, Kubíček V, Hermann P. Transition metal complexes of the (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphinate NOTA analogue as potential contrast agents for 19F magnetic resonance imaging. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:9267-9285. [PMID: 38596878 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00507d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
A new hexadentate 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-based ligand bearing three coordinating methylene-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphinate pendant arms was synthesized and its coordination behaviour towards selected divalent (Mg2+, Ca2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+) and trivalent (Cr3+, Fe3+, Co3+) transition metal ions was studied. The ligand forms stable complexes with late divalent transition metal ions (from Co2+ to Zn2+) and the complexes of these metal ions are formed above pH ∼3. A number of complexes with divalent metal ions were structurally characterized by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The complex of the larger Mn2+ ion adopts a twisted trigonally antiprismatic geometry with a larger coordination cavity and smaller torsion of the pendant arms, whereas the smaller ions Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ form octahedral species with a smaller cavity and larger pendant arm torsion. In the case of the Co2+ complexes, both coordination arrangements were observed. The complexes with paramagnetic metal ions were studied from the point of view of potential utilization in 19F magnetic resonance imaging. A significant shortening of the 19F NMR longitudinal relaxation times was observed: a sub-millisecond range for complexes of Cr3+, Mn2+ and Fe3+ with symmetric electronic states (t2g3 and HS-d5), the millisecond range for the Ni2+ and Cu2+ complexes and tens of milliseconds for the Co2+ complex. Such short relaxation times are consistent with a short distance between the paramagnetic metal ion and the fluorine atoms (∼5.5-6.5 Å). Among the redox-active complexes (Mn3+/Mn2+, Fe3+/Fe2+, Co3+/Co2+, Cu2+/Cu+), the cobalt complexes show sufficient stability and a paramagnetic-diamagnetic changeover with the redox potential lying in a physiologically relevant range. Thus, the Co3+/Co2+ complex pair can be potentially used as a smart redox-responsive contrast agent for 19F MRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Koucký
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Tereza Dobrovolná
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Kotek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Havlíčková
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Alan Liška
- Department of Molecular Electrochemistry and Catalysis, J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry AS CR, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Kubíček
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Hermann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kaster MA, Caldwell MA, Meade TJ. Development of Ln(III) Derivatives as 19F Parashift Probes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9877-9887. [PMID: 38748735 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
19F parashift probes with paramagnetically shifted reporter nuclei provide attractive platforms to develop molecular imaging probes. These probes enable ratiometric detection of molecular disease markers using a direct detection technique. Here, we describe a series of trivalent lanthanide (Ln(III)) complexes that are structural analogues of the clinically approved MR contrast agent (CA) ProHance to obtain LnL 19F parashift probes. We evaluated trans-gadolinium paramagnetic lanthanides compared to diamagnetic YL for 19F chemical shift and relaxation rate enhancement. The paramagnetic contribution to chemical shift (δPCS) for paramagnetic LnL exhibited either shifts to lower frequency (δPCS < 0 for TbL, DyL, and HoL) or shifts to higher frequency (δPCS > 0 for ErL, TmL, and YbL) compared to YL 19F spectroscopic signal. Zero-echo time pulse sequences achieved 56-fold sensitivity enhancement for DyL over YL, while developing probe-specific pulse sequences with fast delay times and acquisition times achieved 0.6-fold enhancement in limit of detection for DyL. DyL provides an attractive platform to develop 19F parashift probes for ratiometric detection of enzymatic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Kaster
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology and Radiology, Northwestern University, 2145 N. Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael A Caldwell
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology and Radiology, Northwestern University, 2145 N. Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Thomas J Meade
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology and Radiology, Northwestern University, 2145 N. Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mysegaes F, Spiteller P, Bernarding J, Plaumann M. 19 F VT NMR: Novel Tm 3+ and Ce 3+ Complexes Provide New Insight into Temperature Measurement Using Molecular Sensors. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202300057. [PMID: 37384817 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
In the past few decades, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and MR imaging (MRI) have developed into a powerful non-invasive tool for medical diagnostic and therapy. Especially 19 F MR shows promising potential because of the properties of the fluorine atom and the negligible background signals in the MR spectra. The detection of temperature in a living organism is quite difficult, and usually external thermometers or fibers are used. Temperature determination via MRS needs temperature-sensitive contrast agents. This article reports first results of solvent and structural influences on the temperature sensitivity of 19 F NMR signals of chosen molecules. By using this chemical shift sensitivity, a local temperature can be determined with a high precision. Based on this preliminary study, we synthesized five metal complexes and compared the results of all variable temperature measurements. It is shown that the highest 19 F MR signal temperature dependence is detectable for a fluorine nucleus in a Tm3+ -complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Mysegaes
- University Bremen, Instrumental Analytics, Leobener Str. 7, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Institute of Biometry and Medical Informatics, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter Spiteller
- University Bremen, Instrumental Analytics, Leobener Str. 7, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Johannes Bernarding
- Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Institute of Biometry and Medical Informatics, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Markus Plaumann
- Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Institute of Biometry and Medical Informatics, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Koucký F, Kotek J, Císařová I, Havlíčková J, Kubíček V, Hermann P. Transition metal complexes of cyclam with two 2,2,2-trifluoroethylphosphinate pendant arms as probes for 19F magnetic resonance imaging. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12208-12223. [PMID: 37401675 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01420g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
A new cyclam-based ligand bearing two methylene(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphinate pendant arms was synthesized and its coordination behaviour towards selected divalent transition metal ions [Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II)] was studied. The ligand was found to be very selective for the Cu(II) ion according to the common Williams-Irving trend. Complexes with all the studied metal ions were structurally characterized. The Cu(II) ion forms two isomeric complexes; the pentacoordinated isomer pc-[Cu(L)] is the kinetic product and the octahedral trans-O,O'-[Cu(L)] isomer is the final (thermodynamic) product of the complexation reaction. Other studied metal ions form octahedral cis-O,O'-[M(L)] complexes. The complexes with paramagnetic metal ions showed a significant shortening of 19F NMR longitudinal relaxation times (T1) to the millisecond range [Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes] or tens of milliseconds [Co(II) complex] at the temperature and magnetic field relevant for 19F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Such a short T1 results from a short distance between the paramagnetic metal ion and the fluorine atoms (∼6.1-6.4 Å). The complexes show high kinetic inertness towards acid-assisted dissociation; in particular, the trans-O,O'-[Cu(L)] complex was found to be extremely inert with a dissociation half-time of 2.8 h in 1 M HCl at 90 °C. Together with the short relaxation time, it potentially enables in vitro/in vivo utilization of the complexes as efficient contrast agents for 19F MRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Koucký
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Kotek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Havlíčková
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Vojtěch Kubíček
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Hermann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Harriswangler C, Lucio-Martínez F, Godec L, Soro LK, Fernández-Fariña S, Valencia L, Rodríguez-Rodríguez A, Esteban-Gómez D, Charbonnière LJ, Platas-Iglesias C. Effect of Magnetic Anisotropy on the 1H NMR Paramagnetic Shifts and Relaxation Rates of Small Dysprosium(III) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:14326-14338. [PMID: 37602400 PMCID: PMC10481378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
We present a detailed analysis of the 1H NMR chemical shifts and transverse relaxation rates of three small Dy(III) complexes having different symmetries (C3, D2 or C2). The complexes show sizeable emission in the visible region due to 4F9/2 → 6HJ transitions (J = 15/2 to 11/2). Additionally, NIR emission is observed at ca. 850 (4F9/2 → 6H7/2), 930 (4F9/2 → 6H5/2), 1010 (4F9/2 → 6F9/2), and 1175 nm (4F9/2 → 6F7/2). Emission quantum yields of 1-2% were determined in aqueous solutions. The emission lifetimes indicate that no water molecules are present in the inner coordination sphere of Dy(III), which in the case of [Dy(CB-TE2PA)]+ was confirmed through the X-ray crystal structure. The 1H NMR paramagnetic shifts induced by Dy(III) were found to be dominated by the pseudocontact mechanism, though, for some protons, contact shifts are not negligible. The analysis of the pseudocontact shifts provided the magnetic susceptibility tensors of the three complexes, which were also investigated using CASSCF calculations. The transverse 1H relaxation data follow a good linear correlation with 1/r6, where r is the distance between the Dy(III) ion and the observed proton. This indicates that magnetic anisotropy is not significantly affecting the relaxation of 1H nuclei in the family of complexes investigated here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlene Harriswangler
- Centro
Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA) and Departamento
de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Fátima Lucio-Martínez
- Centro
Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA) and Departamento
de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Léna Godec
- Equipe
de Synthèse Pour l′Analyse (SynPA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire
Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, CNRS, Université
de Strasbourg, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Lohona Kevin Soro
- Equipe
de Synthèse Pour l′Analyse (SynPA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire
Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, CNRS, Université
de Strasbourg, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Sandra Fernández-Fariña
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultade de Química,
Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de
Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Valencia
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Aurora Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Centro
Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA) and Departamento
de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - David Esteban-Gómez
- Centro
Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA) and Departamento
de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Loïc J. Charbonnière
- Equipe
de Synthèse Pour l′Analyse (SynPA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire
Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, CNRS, Université
de Strasbourg, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Carlos Platas-Iglesias
- Centro
Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA) and Departamento
de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Thornton ME, Hemsworth J, Hay S, Parkinson P, Faulkner S, Natrajan LS. Heterometallic lanthanide complexes with site-specific binding that enable simultaneous visible and NIR-emission. Front Chem 2023; 11:1232690. [PMID: 37583568 PMCID: PMC10424921 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1232690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrocyclic lanthanide complexes have become widely developed due to their distinctive luminescence characteristics and wide range of applications in biological imaging. However, systems with sufficient brightness and metal selectivity can be difficult to produce on a molecular scale. Presented herein is the stepwise introduction of differing lanthanide ions in a bis-DO3A/DTPA scaffold to afford three trinuclear bimetallic [Ln2Ln'] lanthanide complexes with site-specific, controlled binding [(Yb2Tb), (Eu2Tb), (Yb2Eu)]. The complexes display simultaneous emission from all LnIII centers across the visible (TbIII, EuIII) and near infra-red (YbIII) spectrum when excited via phenyl ligand sensitization at a wide range of temperatures and are consequently of interest for exploiting imaging in the near infra-red II biological window. Analysis of lifetime data over a range of excitation regimes reveals intermetallic communication between TbIII and EuIII centers and further develops the understanding of multimetallic lanthanide complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E. Thornton
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jake Hemsworth
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Hay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Parkinson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Photon Science Institute, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Faulkner
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, The University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Louise S. Natrajan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kotková Z, Koucký F, Kotek J, Císařová I, Parker D, Hermann P. Copper(II) complexes of cyclams with N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-aminoalkyl pendant arms as potential probes for 19F magnetic resonance imaging. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1861-1875. [PMID: 36448539 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03360g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of Cu(II) complexes with cyclam-based ligands containing two N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-aminoalkyl pendant arms in 1,8-positions (L1: 1,2-ethylene spacer, L2: 1,3-propylene spacer; L3: 1,4-butylene spacer) was studied in respect to potential use as contrast agents for 19F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A number of structures of the complexes as well as of several organic precursors were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Geometric parameters (especially distances between fluorine atoms and the central metal ion) were determined for each complex and the identity of isomeric complex species present in solution was established. The NMR longitudinal relaxation times (T1) of 19F nuclei in the ligands at clinically relevant fields and temperatures (1-2 s) were significantly shortened upon Cu(II) binding to 7-10 ms for [Cu(L1)]2+, 20-30 ms for [Cu(L2)]2+ and 20-50 ms for [Cu(L3)]2+. The trend of the relaxation time shortening is in accordance with the distance and number of chemical bonds between fluorine atoms and the Cu(II) ion. The signals show promising T2*/T1 ratios in the range 0.25-0.55, assuring their good applicability to 19F NMR/MRI. The results show that even the Cu(II) ion, with a small magnetic moment, causes significant relaxation enhancement with a long-range effect and can be considered as a highly suitable metal ion for efficient 19F MRI contrast agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Kotková
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Filip Koucký
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Kotek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - David Parker
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Petr Hermann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mouchel Dit Leguerrier D, Barré R, Ruet Q, Frachet V, Imbert D, Thomas F, Molloy JK. Symmetric CEST-active lanthanide complexes for redox monitoring. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:18400-18408. [PMID: 36415954 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02776c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two symmetric ligands harbouring two TEMPO radicals and two functionalized acetamide arms (R = OMe (L1), CF3 (L2)) were prepared and chelated to lanthanide ions (EuIII, YbIII for both L1 and L2, DyIII for L1). Luminescence measurements on the europium complexes support the coordination of a single water molecule. The TEMPO arms are magnetically interacting in L1 (and its complexes) but not in L2. The TEMPO moieties can be reversibly oxidized into an oxoammonium (0.33-0.36 V vs. Fc+/Fc) or reduced into a hydroxylamine (ill-defined redox wave, reduction by ascorbate), which are both diamagnetic. The europium complexes [Eu(L1)]3+ and [Eu(L2)]3+ in their hydroxylamine form exhibit a temperature dependent CEST effect, which is maximal at 25 °C (30%) and 37 °C (12%), respectively. The CEST activity is dramatically reduced in the corresponding nitroxide forms due to the paramagnetism of the ligand. The europium complexes show no cytotoxicity against M21 cell lines over long incubation times (72 h) at high concentration (40 μM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard Barré
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Quentin Ruet
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, UMR CNRS 5309, Grenoble Alpes University, 38700 La Tronche, France.,EPHE, PSL Research University, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Véronique Frachet
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, UMR CNRS 5309, Grenoble Alpes University, 38700 La Tronche, France.,EPHE, PSL Research University, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Daniel Imbert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG-LCBM, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Fabrice Thomas
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li L, Li A, Lin Y, Chen D, Kang B, Lin H, Gao J. An Activatable 19 F MRI Molecular Probe for Sensing and Imaging of Norepinephrine. Chemistry 2022; 11:e202200110. [PMID: 35762743 PMCID: PMC9278097 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Norepinephrine (NE), acting as both a neurotransmitter and hormone, plays a significant role in regulating the action of the brain and body. Many studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between mental disorders and aberrant NE levels. Therefore, it is of urgent demand to develop in vivo analytical methods of NE for diagnostic assessment and mechanistic investigations of mental diseases. Herein, we report a 19F MRI probe (NRFP) for sensing and imaging NE, which is constructed by conjugating a gadolinium chelate to a fluorine‐containing moiety through a NE‐responsive aromatic thiocarbonate linkage. The capacity and specificity of NRFP for detecting NE is validated with in vitro detecting/imaging experiments. Furthermore, the feasibility of NRFP for visualizing NE in animals is illustrated by ex vivo and in vivo imaging experiments, demonstrating the promising potential of NRFP for selective detection and specific imaging of NE in deep tissues of living subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingxuan Li
- The MOE Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Ao Li
- The MOE Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yaying Lin
- The MOE Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Dongxia Chen
- The MOE Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Bilun Kang
- The MOE Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Lin
- The MOE Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Jinhao Gao
- The MOE Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Synthesis, characterization and relaxivity validations of Gd(III) complex of DOTA tetrahydrazide as MRI contrast agent. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
11
|
Wilharm RK, Ramakrishnam Raju MV, Hoefler JC, Platas-Iglesias C, Pierre VC. Exploiting the Fluxionality of Lanthanide Complexes in the Design of Paramagnetic Fluorine Probes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:4130-4142. [PMID: 35196450 PMCID: PMC8966431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine-19 MRI is increasingly being considered as a tool for biomolecular imaging, but the very poor sensitivity of this technique has limited most applications. Previous studies have long established that increasing the sensitivity of 19F molecular probes requires increasing the number of fluorine nuclei per probe as well as decreasing their longitudinal relaxation time. The latter is easily achieved by positioning the fluorine atoms in close proximity to a paramagnetic metal ion such as a lanthanide(III). Increasing the number of fluorine atoms per molecule, however, is only useful inasmuch as all of the fluorine nuclei are chemically equivalent. Previous attempts to achieve this equivalency have focused on designing highly symmetric and rigid fluorinated macrocyclic ligands. A much simpler approach consists of exploiting highly fluxional lanthanide complexes with open coordination sites that have a high affinity for phosphated and phosphonated species. Computational studies indicate that LnIII-TREN-MAM is highly fluxional, rapidly interconverting between at least six distinct isomers. In neutral water at room temperature, LnIII-TREN-MAM binds two or three equivalents of fluorinated phosphonates. The close proximity of the 19F nuclei to the LnIII center in the ternary complex decreases the relaxation times of the fluorine nuclei up to 40-fold. Advantageously, the fluorophosphonate-bound lanthanide complex is also highly fluxional such that all 19F nuclei are chemically equivalent and display a single 19F signal with a small LIS. Dynamic averaging of fluxional fluorinated supramolecular assemblies thus produces effective 19F MR systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Randall K Wilharm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | | | - John C Hoefler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Carlos Platas-Iglesias
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas and Departamento de Quıímica, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Galicia Spain
| | - Valérie C Pierre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang C, Yan K, Fu C, Peng H, Hawker CJ, Whittaker AK. Biological Utility of Fluorinated Compounds: from Materials Design to Molecular Imaging, Therapeutics and Environmental Remediation. Chem Rev 2022; 122:167-208. [PMID: 34609131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The applications of fluorinated molecules in bioengineering and nanotechnology are expanding rapidly with the controlled introduction of fluorine being broadly studied due to the unique properties of C-F bonds. This review will focus on the design and utility of C-F containing materials in imaging, therapeutics, and environmental applications with a central theme being the importance of controlling fluorine-fluorine interactions and understanding how such interactions impact biological behavior. Low natural abundance of fluorine is shown to provide sensitivity and background advantages for imaging and detection of a variety of diseases with 19F magnetic resonance imaging, 18F positron emission tomography and ultrasound discussed as illustrative examples. The presence of C-F bonds can also be used to tailor membrane permeability and pharmacokinetic properties of drugs and delivery agents for enhanced cell uptake and therapeutics. A key message of this review is that while the promise of C-F containing materials is significant, a subset of highly fluorinated compounds such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), have been identified as posing a potential risk to human health. The unique properties of the C-F bond and the significant potential for fluorine-fluorine interactions in PFAS structures necessitate the development of new strategies for facile and efficient environmental removal and remediation. Recent progress in the development of fluorine-containing compounds as molecular imaging and therapeutic agents will be reviewed and their design features contrasted with environmental and health risks for PFAS systems. Finally, present challenges and future directions in the exploitation of the biological aspects of fluorinated systems will be described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Kai Yan
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Green Chemicals and Functional Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Changkui Fu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Hui Peng
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Craig J Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Andrew K Whittaker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zapolotsky EN, Qu Y, Babailov SP. Lanthanide complexes with polyaminopolycarboxylates as prospective NMR/MRI diagnostic probes: peculiarities of molecular structure, dynamics and paramagnetic properties. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2021; 102:1-33. [PMID: 34785985 PMCID: PMC8582344 DOI: 10.1007/s10847-021-01112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The paramagnetic lanthanide complexes with polyaminopolycarboxylate (PAPC) ligands attract considerable attention from the standpoint of potential applications thereof as relaxation agents used in medical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and in luminescent materials, as well as owing to promising use thereof as paramagnetic labels for studying the properties of biopolymers since they exhibit thermodynamic stability, good solubility in aqueous media and moderate toxicity. For the last decades, the NMR methods have been used to determine the physical and chemical properties of paramagnetic Ln compounds. The studies concerning paramagnetic NMR lanthanide-induced shifts (LISs) in dissolved Ln complexes, as well as the analysis of band shape as a function of temperature make it possible to obtain valuable information on the structure, intra- and intermolecular dynamics and paramagnetic properties thereof. This review is devoted solely to the following features: firstly, the processes of intramolecular dynamics of lanthanide complexes with polyamino-polycarboxylate ligands such as DOTA, EDTA and DTPA and their derivatives studied by NMR; secondly, the LISs of lanthanide complexes with EDTA, DOTA, DTPA and some of their derivatives depending on temperature and pH. Moreover, in this review, for the first time, the dependence of the activation energy of molecular dynamics in complexes with polydentate ligands on the atomic number of the lanthanide cation is analyzed and a monotonic change in energy is detected, which is due to the effect of lanthanide contraction. It should be noted that this phenomenon is quite general and may also appear in the future in many other series of lanthanide complexes with both other multidentate ligands and with bidentate and monodentate ligands. In the future, it is possible to predict the dependence of the properties of certain lanthanide complexes on the ionic radius of the lanthanide cation based on the approaches presented in the review. In this review, we have also presented the dynamic NMR as the main research method widely used to analyze the processes of molecular dynamics, and the structural studies based on the NMR relaxation spectroscopy and LIS analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugeny N. Zapolotsky
- A.V. Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Av. Lavrentyev 3, Novosibirsk, Russia 630090
| | - Yanyang Qu
- Institute of Chemical Materials, CAEP, P. O. Box 919-311, Mianyang, 621900 Sichun China
| | - Sergey P. Babailov
- A.V. Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Av. Lavrentyev 3, Novosibirsk, Russia 630090
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most powerful imaging tools today, capable of displaying superior soft-tissue contrast. This review discusses developments in the field of 19 F MRI multimodal probes in combination with optical fluorescence imaging (OFI), 1 H MRI, chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI, ultrasonography (USG), X-ray computed tomography (CT), single photon emission tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), and photoacoustic imaging (PAI). In each case, multimodal 19 F MRI probes compensate for the deficiency of individual techniques and offer improved sensitivity or accuracy of detection over unimodal counterparts. Strategies for designing 19 F MRI multimodal probes are described with respect to their structure, physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and the quality of images.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Janasik
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego, 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Krawczyk
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego, 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Solid-state photoluminescence, energy transfer mechanism and optical band gap of two 4f-5d complexes with 1-D chain-like structure. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
16
|
Rodríguez-Rodríguez A, Zaiss M, Esteban-Gómez D, Angelovski G, Platas-Iglesias C. Paramagnetic chemical exchange saturation transfer agents and their perspectives for application in magnetic resonance imaging. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2020.1823167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias & Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Moritz Zaiss
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Clinic Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - David Esteban-Gómez
- Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias & Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Goran Angelovski
- MR Neuroimaging Agents, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- Lab of Molecular and Cellular Neuroimaging, International Center for Primate Brain Research (ICPBR), Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Carlos Platas-Iglesias
- Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias & Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bruce JI, O’Connell PJ, Taylor PG, Smith DP, Adkin RC, Pearson VK. Synthesis of Organosilicon Ligands for Europium (III) and Gadolinium (III) as Potential Imaging Agents. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184253. [PMID: 32947960 PMCID: PMC7570700 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The relaxivity of MRI contrast agents can be increased by increasing the size of the contrast agent and by increasing concentration of the bound gadolinium. Large multi-site ligands able to coordinate several metal centres show increased relaxivity as a result. In this paper, an “aza-type Michael” reaction is used to prepare cyclen derivatives that can be attached to organosilicon frameworks via hydrosilylation reactions. A range of organosilicon frameworks were tested including silsesquioxane cages and dimethylsilylbenzene derivatives. Michael donors with strong electron withdrawing groups could be used to alkylate cyclen on three amine centres in a single step. Hydrosilylation successfully attached these to mono-, di-, and tri-dimethylsilyl-substituted benzene derivatives. The europium and gadolinium complexes were formed and studied using luminescence spectroscopy and relaxometry. This showed the complexes to contain two bound water moles per lanthanide centre and T1 relaxation time measurements demonstrated an increase in relaxivity had been achieved, in particular for the trisubstituted scaffold 1,3,5-tris((pentane-sDO3A)dimethylsilyl)benzene-Gd3. This showed a marked increase in the relaxivity (13.1 r1p/mM−1s−1).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James I. Bruce
- School of Life Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK; (P.J.O.); (P.G.T.); (D.P.T.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Patrick J. O’Connell
- School of Life Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK; (P.J.O.); (P.G.T.); (D.P.T.S.)
| | - Peter G. Taylor
- School of Life Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK; (P.J.O.); (P.G.T.); (D.P.T.S.)
| | - David P.T. Smith
- School of Life Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK; (P.J.O.); (P.G.T.); (D.P.T.S.)
| | - Roy C. Adkin
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK; (R.C.A.); (V.K.P.)
| | - Victoria K. Pearson
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK; (R.C.A.); (V.K.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Blahut J, Benda L, Kotek J, Pintacuda G, Hermann P. Paramagnetic Cobalt(II) Complexes with Cyclam Derivatives: Toward 19F MRI Contrast Agents. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:10071-10082. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Blahut
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
- High-Field NMR Centre, CNRS FRE2034/UCB de Lyon 1/ENS de Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Lyon-Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ladislav Benda
- High-Field NMR Centre, CNRS FRE2034/UCB de Lyon 1/ENS de Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Lyon-Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jan Kotek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- High-Field NMR Centre, CNRS FRE2034/UCB de Lyon 1/ENS de Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Lyon-Villeurbanne, France
| | - Petr Hermann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wydra K, Kobyłka MJ, Lis T, Ślepokura K, Lisowski J. Versatile Binding Modes of Chiral Macrocyclic Amine towards Rare Earth Ions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karol Wydra
- Department of Chemistry University of Wrocław 14 F. Joliot‐Curie 50‐383 Wrocław Poland
| | - Michał J. Kobyłka
- Department of Chemistry University of Wrocław 14 F. Joliot‐Curie 50‐383 Wrocław Poland
| | - Tadeusz Lis
- Department of Chemistry University of Wrocław 14 F. Joliot‐Curie 50‐383 Wrocław Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ślepokura
- Department of Chemistry University of Wrocław 14 F. Joliot‐Curie 50‐383 Wrocław Poland
| | - Jerzy Lisowski
- Department of Chemistry University of Wrocław 14 F. Joliot‐Curie 50‐383 Wrocław Poland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yu M, Xie D, Kadakia RT, Wang W, Que EL. Harnessing chemical exchange: 19F magnetic resonance OFF/ON zinc sensing with a Tm(iii) complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:6257-6260. [PMID: 32373870 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01876g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A fluorinated, thulium(iii) complex (Tm-PFZ-1) serves as an off-on 19F magnetic resonance probe for Zn(ii). Rapid exchange among different conformations combined with paramagnetic relaxation and chemical shift effects of Tm(iii) effectively eliminate the 19F NMR/MRI signal in Tm-PFZ-1. Chelation of Zn(ii) induces increased structural rigidity and reduces exchange rate, affording a robust 19F NMR/MRI signal. Tm-PFZ-1 represents a first-in-class paramagnetic 19F MR agent that exploits a novel sensing mechanism for Zn(ii) and is the first 19F MR-based scaffold to provide an "off-on" response to Zn(ii) in aqueous solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th St Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ozay H, Gungor Z, Yilmaz B, Ilgin P, Ozay O. Dual use of colorimetric sensor and selective copper removal from aqueous media with novel p(HEMA-co-TACYC) hydrogels: Cyclen derivative as both monomer and crosslinker. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 389:121848. [PMID: 31874756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Within the scope of this study, p(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-tetraacrylic cyclen) (p(HEMA-co-TACYC)) hydrogels were synthesized for the first time in the literature using a tetraacrylic cyclen (TACYC) as both functional monomer and crosslinker. The hydrogels designed especially for Cu2+ ions showed colorimetric sensor behavior selective for Cu2+ ions in all aqueous media (deionized, tap, river and sea water) and in metal ion mixtures. The p(HEMA-co-TACYC) hydrogels forming a stable complex with Cu2+ ions simultaneously showed properties of being a good adsorbent material. The hydrogels have reuse capacity as both sensor and adsorbent material. Changing the amount of TACYC in the hydrogel structure changes the maximum adsorption capacity for Cu2+ ions. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption constants for Cu2+ ion adsorption of the hydrogels, acting as selective adsorbent in all aqueous media and metal ion mixtures, were determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hava Ozay
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey.
| | - Zeynep Gungor
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Betul Yilmaz
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Bioengineering and Materials Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Pinar Ilgin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Lapseki Vocational School, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale/Lapseki, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Ozay
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Design, Characterization and Molecular Modeling of New Fluorinated Paramagnetic Contrast Agents for Dual 1H/19F MRI. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry6010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
One major goal in medical imaging is the elaboration of more efficient contrast agents (CAs). Those agents need to be optimized for the detection of affected tissues such as cancers or tumors while decreasing the injected quantity of agents. The paramagnetic contrast agents containing fluorine atoms can be used for both proton and fluorine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and they open the possibility of simultaneously mapping the anatomy using 1H MRI and accurately locating the agents using 19F MRI. One of the challenges in this domain is to synthesize molecules containing several chemically equivalent fluorine atoms with relatively short relaxation times to allow the recording of 19F MR images in good conditions. With that aim, we propose to prepare a CA containing a paramagnetic center and nine chemically equivalent fluorine atoms using a cycloaddition reaction between two building blocks. These fluorinated contrast agents are characterized by 19F NMR, showing differences in the fluorine relaxation times T1 and T2 depending on the lanthanide ion. To complement the experimental results, molecular dynamics simulations are performed to shed light on the 3D-structure of the molecules in order to estimate the distance between the lanthanide ion and the fluorine atoms.
Collapse
|