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Wu C, Teng Z, Yang C, Chen F, Yang HB, Wang L, Xu H, Liu B, Zheng G, Han Q. Polarization Engineering of Covalent Triazine Frameworks for Highly Efficient Photosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide from Molecular Oxygen and Water. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110266. [PMID: 35524761 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-electron oxygen photoreduction to hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is seriously inhibited by its sluggish charge kinetics. Herein, a polarization engineering strategy is demonstrated by grafting (thio)urea functional groups onto covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs), giving rise to significantly promoted charge separation/transport and obviously enhanced proton transfer. The thiourea-functionalized CTF (Bpt-CTF) presents a substantial improvement in the photocatalytic H2 O2 production rate to 3268.1 µmol h-1 g-1 with no sacrificial agents or cocatalysts that is over an order of magnitude higher than unfunctionalized CTF (Dc-CTF), and a remarkable quantum efficiency of 8.6% at 400 nm. Mechanistic studies reveal the photocatalytic performance is attributed to the prominently enhanced two-electron oxygen reduction reaction by forming endoperoxide at the triazine unit and highly concentrated holes at the thiourea site. The generated O2 from water oxidation is subsequently consumed by the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), thereby boosting overall reaction kinetics. The findings suggest a powerful functional-groups-mediated polarization engineering method for the development of highly efficient metal-free polymer-based photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongbei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyuan Teng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, 804-8550, Japan
| | - Chao Yang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Fangshuai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Hong Bin Yang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Lei Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230022, P. R. China
| | - Hangxun Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230022, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Gengfeng Zheng
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Qing Han
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
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Mai Y, Balzen AK, Torres RK, Callahan MP, Colson AC. A Modular Strategy for Expanding Electron-Sink Capacity in Noncanonical Cluster Assemblies. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:17733-17743. [PMID: 34748324 PMCID: PMC8653162 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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A modular synthetic
strategy is described whereby organometallic
complexes exhibiting considerable electron-sink capacity may be assembled
by using only a few simple molecular components. The Fe2(PPh2)2(CO)5 fragment was selected
as a common electroactive component and was assembled around aromatic
cores bearing one, two, or three isocyanide functional groups, with
the resultant complexes possessing electron-sink capacities of two,
four, and six electrons, respectively. The latter complex is noteworthy
in that its electron-sink capacity was found to rival that of large
multinuclear clusters (e.g., [Ni32C6(CO)36]6– and [Ni38Pt6(CO)48]6–), which are often considered as benchmarks
of electron-sink behavior. Moreover, the modular assembly bearing
three Fe2(PPh2)2(CO)5 fragments
was observed to undergo reduction to a hexaanionic state over a potential
window of about −1.4 to −2.1 V (vs Fc/Fc+), the relatively compressed range being attributed to potential
inversions operative during the addition of the second, fourth, and
sixth electrons. Such complexes may be designated noncanonical
clusters because they exhibit redox properties similar to
those of large multinuclear clusters yet lack the extensive network
of metal–metal bonds and the condensed metallic cores that
typify the latter. By use of a
modular synthetic strategy and relatively few
molecular components, organometallic complexes exhibiting considerable
electron-sink capacity have been characterized. Complexes bearing
one, two, or three Fe2(PPh2)2(CO)5 fragments bound to aromatic isocyanide cores were found to
possess electron-sink capacities of two, four, and six electrons,
respectively, the latter rivaling the electron-sink capacity of large
polynuclear cluster benchmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yume Mai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
| | - Alexandria K Balzen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
| | - Rebecca K Torres
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
| | - Michael P Callahan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
| | - Adam C Colson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
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Kwon H, Pietrasiak E, Ohhara T, Nakao A, Chae B, Hwang CC, Jung D, Hwang IC, Ko YH, Kim K, Lee E. Programmable Synthesis of Silver Wheels. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:6403-6409. [PMID: 33856809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of sandwich-shaped multinuclear silver complexes with planar penta- and tetranuclear wheel-shaped silver units and a central anion, [Agn(2-HPB)2(A-)](OTf-)n-1, nAgA, n = 4 or 5 and A- = OH- or F- or Cl-, is reported, along with complete spectroscopic and structural characterization. An NMR mechanistic study reveals that silver complexes were formed in the following order: 2Ag → 3AgH2O → 5AgOH → 4AgOH. The central hydroxides in 4AgOH and 5AgOH exhibit exotic physical properties due to the confined environment inside the complex. The size of these silver wheels can be tuned by changing the central anion or extracting/adding one silver atom. This study provides the facile way to synthesize discrete wheel-shaped multinuclear silver complexes and provides valuable insights into the dynamics of the self-assembly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunchul Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ewa Pietrasiak
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Takashi Ohhara
- Neutron Science Section, J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai 319-1195, Japan
| | - Akiko Nakao
- Center for Neutron Science and Technology, Comprehensive Research Organization for Science and Society (CROSS), Tokai 319-1106, Japan
| | - Boknam Chae
- Beamline Research Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Cuk Hwang
- Beamline Research Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Daesung Jung
- Beamline Research Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Chul Hwang
- Center for Self-Assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Ko
- Center for Self-Assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kimoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.,Center for Self-Assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.,Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.,Center for Self-Assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Artificial Intelligence, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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