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Bunda S, Lihi N, Szaniszló Z, Esteban-Gómez D, Platas-Iglesias C, Kéri M, Papp G, Kálmán FK. Bipyridil-based chelators for Gd(III) complexation: kinetic, structural and relaxation properties. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17030-17040. [PMID: 37937450 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02806b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
In the last 20 years, research in the field of MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) contrast agents (CAs) has been intensified due to the emergence of a disease called nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF). NSF has been linked to the in vivo dissociation of certain Gd(III)-based compounds applied in MRI as CAs. To prevent the dechelation of the probes after intravenous injection, the improvement of their in vivo stability is highly desired. The inertness of the Gd(III) chelates can be increased through the rigidification of the ligand structure. One of the potential ligands is (2,2',2'',2'''-(([2,2'-bipyridine]-6,6'-diylbis(methylene))bis(azanetriyl))tetraacetic acid) (H4DIPTA), which has been successfully used as a fluorescent probe for lanthanides; however, it has never been considered as a potential chelator for Gd(III) ions. In this paper, we report the thermodynamic, kinetic and structural features of the complex formed between Gd(III) and DIPTA. Since the solubility of the [Gd(DIPTA)]- chelate is very low under acidic conditions, hampering its thermodynamic characterization, we can only assume that its stability is close to that determined for the structural analogue [Gd(FENTA)]- (H4FENTA: (1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-diyl)bis(methyliminodiacetic acid)), which is similar to that determined for the agent [Gd(DTPA)]2- routinely used in clinical practice. Unfortunately, the inertness of [Gd(DIPTA)]- is significantly lower (t1/2 = 1.34 h) than that observed for [Gd(EGTA)]- and [Gd(DTPA)]2- as a result of its spontaneous dissociation pathway during dechelation. The relaxivity values of [Gd(DIPTA)]- are comparable with those of [Gd(FENTA)]- and somewhat higher than the values characterizing [Gd(DTPA)]2-. Luminescence lifetime measurements indicate the presence of one water molecule (q = 1) in the inner sphere of the complex with a relatively high water exchange rate (k298ex = 43(5) × 106 s-1). DFT calculations suggest a rigid distorted tricapped trigonal prismatic polyhedron for the Gd(III) complex. On the basis of these results, we can conclude that the bipyridine backbone is not favourable with respect to the inertness of the chelate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Bunda
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Norbert Lihi
- HUN-REN-UD Mechanisms of Complex Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Chemical Reactions Research Group, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Szaniszló
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - David Esteban-Gómez
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Carlos Platas-Iglesias
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Mónika Kéri
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Papp
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Ferenc Krisztián Kálmán
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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Luo Q, Liu J, Ma Q, Xu S, Wang L. Single-Atom Gd Nanoprobes for Self-Confirmative MRI with Robust Stability. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206821. [PMID: 36919250 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Gadolinium (Gd)-based complexes are extensively utilized as contrast agents (CAs) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), yet, suffer from potential safety concerns and poor tumor targeting. Herein, as a mimic of Gd complex, single-atom Gd nanoprobes with r1 and r2 values of 34.2 and 80.1 mM-1 s-1 (far higher than that of commercial Gd CAs) at 3 T are constructed, which possessed T1 /T2 dual-mode MRI with excellent stability and good tumor targeting ability. Specifically, single-atom Gd is anchored on nitrogen-doped carbon matrix (Gd-Nx C) through spatial-confinement method, which is further subjected to controllable chemical etching to afford fully etched bowl-shape Gd-Nx C (feGd-Nx C) with hydrophilic properties and defined coordination structure, similar to commercial Gd complex. Such nanostructures not only maximized the Gd3+ site exposure, but also are suitable for self-confirmative diagnosis through one probe with dual-mode MRI. Moreover, the strong electron localization and interaction between Gd and N atoms afforded feGd-Nx C excellent kinetic inertness and thermal stability (no significant Gd3+ leaching is observed even incubated with Cu2+ and Zn2+ for two months), providing a creative design protocol for MRI CAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Junhan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Qian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Suying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Leyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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Uzal-Varela R, Rodríguez-Rodríguez A, Wang H, Esteban-Gómez D, Brandariz I, Gale EM, Caravan P, Platas-Iglesias C. Prediction of Gd(III) complex thermodynamic stability. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Váradi B, Lihi N, Bunda S, Nagy A, Simon G, Kéri M, Papp G, Tircsó G, Esteban-Gómez D, Platas-Iglesias C, Kálmán FK. Physico-Chemical Characterization of a Highly Rigid Gd(III) Complex Formed with a Phenanthroline Derivative Ligand. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:13497-13509. [PMID: 35972786 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of the nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) and its link with the in vivo dissociation of certain Gd(III)-based contrast agents (CAs) applied in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) induced a still growing research to replace the compromised agents with safer alternatives. In recent years, several ligands were designed to exploit the luminescence properties of the lanthanides, containing structurally constrained aromatic moieties, which may form rigid Gd(III) complexes. One of these ligands is (1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-diyl)bis(methyliminodiacetic acid) (H4FENTA) designed and synthesized to sensitize Eu(III) and Tb(III) luminescence. Our results show that the conditional stability of the [Gd(FENTA)]- chelate calculated for physiological pH (pGd = 19.7) is similar to those determined for [Gd(DTPA)]2- (pGd = 19.4) and [Gd(DOTA)]- (pGd = 20.1), routinely used in the clinical practice. The [Gd(FENTA)]- complex is remarkably inert with respect to its dissociation (t1/2 = 872 days at pH = 7 and 25 °C); furthermore, its relaxivity values determined at different field strengths and temperatures (e.g., r1p = 4.3 mM-1s-1at 60 MHz and 37 °C) are ca. one unit higher than those of [Gd(DTPA)]2- (r1p = 3.4 mM-1 s-1) and [Gd(DOTA)]- (r1p = 3.1 mM-1 s-1) under the same conditions. Moreover, significant improvement on the relaxivity was observed in the presence of serum proteins (r1p = 6.9 mM-1 s-1 at 60 MHz and 37 °C). The luminescence lifetimes recorded in H2O and D2O solutions indicate the presence of a water molecule (q = 1) in the inner sphere of the complex directly coordinated to the metal ion, possessing a relatively high water exchange rate (kex298 = 29(2) × 106 s-1). The acceleration of the water exchange can be explained by the steric compression around the water binding site due to the rigid structure of the complex, which was supported by DFT calculations. On the basis of these results, ligands containing a phenanthroline platform have great potential in the design of safer Gd(III) agents for MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Váradi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Norbert Lihi
- ELKH-DE Mechanisms of Complex Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Chemical Reactions Research Group, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Bunda
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Antónia Nagy
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Gréta Simon
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Mónika Kéri
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Gábor Papp
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Gyula Tircsó
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - David Esteban-Gómez
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Univer-sidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Galicia 15071, Spain
| | - Carlos Platas-Iglesias
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Univer-sidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Galicia 15071, Spain
| | - Ferenc K Kálmán
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
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Methodology-driven efficient synthesis of cytotoxic (±)-piperarborenine B. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Uzal-Varela R, Lalli D, Brandariz I, Rodríguez-Rodríguez A, Platas-Iglesias C, Botta M, Esteban-Gómez D. Rigid versions of PDTA 4- incorporating a 1,3-diaminocyclobutyl spacer for Mn 2+ complexation: stability, water exchange dynamics and relaxivity. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16290-16303. [PMID: 34730583 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02498a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Rigid derivatives of the acyclic ligand PDTA4- (H4PDTA = propylenediamine-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid) were prepared by functionalization of a 1,3-diaminocyclobutyl spacer. The new ligands contain either four acetate groups attached to the central scaffold (H4L1) or incorporate pyridyl (H2L2) or propylamide (H2L3) units replacing two of the carboxylate groups. The ligand protonation constants and the stability constants of their Mn2+ complexes were determined using potentiometric and spectrophotometric titrations. The stability of the [Mn(L1)]2- complex was found to be significantly higher than that of the flexible [Mn(PDTA)]2- derivative (log KMnL = 10.78 and 10.01, respectively). A detailed study of the 1H Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation Dispersion (NMRD) profiles and 17O NMR measurements evidence that the [Mn(L1)]2- and [Mn(L2)] complexes display a hydration equilibrium in solution involving a seven-coordinate species with an inner-sphere water molecule and a six-coordinate species that lacks a coordinated water molecule. As a result the 1H relaxivities of these complexes are somewhat lower than that of [Mn(EDTA)]2- and related systems. The introduction of propylamide groups in [Mn(L3)] shifts the hydration equilibrium to the seven-coordinate species, which results in a 1H relaxivity (r1p = 3.7 mM-1 s-1 at 22 MHz and 25 °C) exceeding that of [Mn(EDTA)]2- (r1p = 3.3 mM-1 s-1 at 22 MHz and 25 °C). The parameters that control the relaxivities in this family of complexes were determined by simultaneous fitting of the experimental 1H NMRD and 17O NMR data (transverse relaxation rates and chemical shifts), with the aid of computational studies performed at the DFT and CASSCF/NEVPT2 levels. These studies provide detailed insight of the parameters that control the efficiency of these relaxation agents at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Uzal-Varela
- Universidade da Coruña, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, 15071, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.
| | - Daniela Lalli
- Magnetic Resonance Platform (PRISMA-UPO), Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Isabel Brandariz
- Universidade da Coruña, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, 15071, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.
| | - Aurora Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Universidade da Coruña, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, 15071, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.
| | - Carlos Platas-Iglesias
- Universidade da Coruña, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, 15071, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.
| | - Mauro Botta
- Magnetic Resonance Platform (PRISMA-UPO), Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - David Esteban-Gómez
- Universidade da Coruña, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, 15071, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.
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Porcar-Tost O, Pallier A, Esteban-Gómez D, Illa O, Platas-Iglesias C, Tóth É, Ortuño RM. Stability, relaxometric and computational studies on Mn 2+ complexes with ligands containing a cyclobutane scaffold. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:1076-1085. [PMID: 33367361 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03402a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The stability constants of Mn2+ complexes with ligands containing a trans-1,2-cyclobutanediamine spacer functionalized with picolinate and/or carboxylate functions were determined using potentiometric titrations (25 °C, 0.1 M KCl). The stability constant of the complex with a hexadentate ligand containing four acetate groups (L14-, log KMnL = 10.26) is improved upon replacing one (L24-, log KMnL = 14.71) or two (L34-, log KMnL = 15.81) carboxylate groups with picolinates. The [Mn(L1)]2- complex contains a water molecule coordinated to the metal ion in aqueous solutions, as evidenced by 1H NMRD studies and 17O chemical shifts and transverse relaxation rates. The 1H relaxivities determined at 60 MHz (3.3 and 2.4 mM-1 s-1 at 25 and 37 °C, respectively) are comparable to those of monohydrated complexes such as [Mn(edta)]2-. The exchange rate of the inner-sphere water molecule (k = 248 × 106 s-1) is slightly lower than that of the edta4- analogue. DFT calculations (M11/def2-TZVP) suggest that the water exchange reaction follows a dissociatively activated mechanism, providing activation parameters in reasonably good agreement with the experimental data. DFT calculations also show that the 17O hyperfine coupling constant A/ℏ is affected slightly by changes in the Mn-Owater distance and the orientation of the water molecule with respect to the Mn-O vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Porcar-Tost
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
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