1
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Bakhmutov VI, Elliott DW, Zhou HC. Kinetics of 1H → 31P NMR cross-polarization and dynamics in a layered crystalline α-Sn(IV) phosphate. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2023; 127:101898. [PMID: 37639882 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2023.101898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The proton-phosphorus (H-P) cross-polarization (CP) is effective in Sn(HPO4)2·H2O despite of the presence of paramagnetic ion impurities. Polarization constants TH-P and 1H T1ρ times are measured in static Sn(HPO4)2·H2O by the kinetic variable-temperature H-P CP experiments. The temperature dependence of the 1H T1ρ times is interpreted in terms of proton movements in the interlayer space occurring between the phosphate groups without participation of the water molecules. The process requires an activation energy of 8.7 ± 0.7 kcal/mol. The MAS effect on the 1H T1ρ times is shown and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir I Bakhmutov
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, United States.
| | - Douglas W Elliott
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, United States
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, United States
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2
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Bakhmutov VI, Elliott DW, Bhuvanesh N, Zhou HC. Spin diffusion in the Phosphorus-31 NMR relaxation in a layered crystalline α-Sn(IV) phosphate contaminated by paramagnetic impurities. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2023; 126:101875. [PMID: 37301019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2023.101875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The study of a layered crystalline Sn(IV) phosphate by solid-state NMR has demonstrated that the 31P T1 relaxation of phosphate groups, dependent on spinning rate is completely controlled by the limited spin diffusion to paramagnetic ions found by EPR. The spin-diffusion constant, D(SD), was estimated as 2.04 10-14 cm2s-1. The conclusion was supported by the 31P T1 time measurements in zirconium phosphate 1-1, also showing paramagnetic ions and in diamagnetic compound (NH4)2HPO4.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Douglas W Elliott
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-3003, USA
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3
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Surface modified alpha zirconium phosphate (α-ZrP) reinforced natural rubber composites for tire tread application. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-023-03502-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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4
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Wu L, Wang H, Kong X, Wei H, Chen S, Chi L. High strontium adsorption performance of layered zirconium phosphate intercalated with a crown ether. RSC Adv 2023; 13:6346-6355. [PMID: 36824231 PMCID: PMC9942561 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07757d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective removal of strontium isotopes in radioactive waste streams has important implications for the environment and the sustainable development of nuclear energy. In this work, a zirconium phosphate/18-crown-ether-6 (ZrP/18C6) composite was prepared using the intercalation method by loading crown ether into zirconium phosphate. The composite was structurally and morphologically characterized by XRD, FT-IR, XPS, and SEM. The adsorption experiments of Sr2+ onto the ZrP/18C6 composite were conducted as a function of temperature, pH, Sr2+ concentration and competing ions. The results indicate ZrP/18C6 can adsorb 98.6% of Sr2+ within 30 minutes at an Sr2+ concentration of 100 mg L-1 and maintain a high removal rate with a distribution coefficient of 7 × 105 mL g-1 when Sr2+ is at a low level of 4.28 mg L-1. The ZrP/18C6 composite reached a maximum adsorption capacity of 195.74 mg g-1 at an Sr2+ concentration of 380 mg L-1, which is significantly higher than the 43.03 mg g-1 of α-ZrP. The adsorption performance of Sr2+ onto ZrP/18C6 is not significantly affected by temperature, pH and competing ions. Furthermore, the adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics were analyzed based on the adsorption data obtained in the present work. It is shown that the adsorption of Sr2+ onto ZrP/18C6 follows the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir monolayer model, respectively. Additionally, the adsorption mechanism of Sr2+ by ZrP/18C6 is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wu
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China.,Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350116 China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Fuel and Materials in Clean Nuclear Energy System, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, CAS Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Huiping Wang
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350116 China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Fuel and Materials in Clean Nuclear Energy System, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, CAS Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Xiangqian Kong
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350116 China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Fuel and Materials in Clean Nuclear Energy System, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, CAS Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Haibo Wei
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350116 China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Fuel and Materials in Clean Nuclear Energy System, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, CAS Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350116 China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Fuel and Materials in Clean Nuclear Energy System, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, CAS Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Lisheng Chi
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350116 China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Fuel and Materials in Clean Nuclear Energy System, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, CAS Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
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5
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Zhang C, Zhu X, Peng C, Guo C. Adsorption of rare earth La3+ by α- zirconium phosphate: An experimental and density functional theory study. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Bakhmutov VI, Elliott DW, Contreras-Ramirez A, Drake H, Zhou HC. Acidic Centers on the Surface of a Crystalline α-Sn(IV) Phosphate Characterized by the Solid-State 1H, 2H, 31P, and 119Sn MAS NMR Techniques. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:17759-17766. [PMID: 36269387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A layered crystalline phosphate α-Sn(HPO4)2·H2O (1), prepared and characterized in the present study by the multinuclear solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), powder X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis techniques, was treated with D2O and HOD imitating the reaction conditions in a water medium. The 2H solid-echo magic angle spinning NMR spectra of the products have revealed on their surface low mobile water molecules and hydronium ions, forming a structure close to the Zundel cation, [D2O···D-OD2]+. All the deuterons in the hydronium ions are tangled by hydrogen bonds with the water and the surface phosphate groups and stabilized by ionic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir I Bakhmutov
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas77843, United States
| | - Douglas W Elliott
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas77843, United States
| | - Aida Contreras-Ramirez
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas77843, United States
| | - Hannah Drake
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas77843, United States
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas77843, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas77843-3003, United States
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7
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Bakhmutov VI, Contreras-Ramirez A, Drake H, Zhou HC. Elucidating structure and dynamics of crystalline α-zirconium phosphates intercalated with water and methanol by multinuclear solid-state MAS NMR: A comprehensive NMR approach. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2022; 60:541-553. [PMID: 35229359 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state NMR experiments on 2 H, 31 P, 13 C, and 1 H nuclei, including 31 P T1 , 1 H T1 , and 1 H T1ρ measurements, as well as on the kinetics of proton-phosphorus cross-polarization have been performed to characterize the crystalline and amorphous α-zirconium phosphates, which were intercalated with D2 O and/or CD3 OD. The 13 C{1 H} CP MAS NMR experiment performed for compound 1-CD3 OD (Zr (HPO4 )2. 0.2CD3 OD) with carbon cross-polarization via protons of phosphate groups has provided a prove that the methanol was intercalated into the interlayer spaces of this compound. The variable-temperature 2 H solid-echo MAS NMR spectra of intercalated compounds demonstrated that the methanol molecules, in contrast to the mobile water, were immobile, keeping, however, free CD3 rotations around the C3 -axis. It has been demonstrated that the intercalated species, D2 O and CD3 OD, do not affect the high-frequency motions of the phosphate groups. By utilizing local structural models that satisfy the constraints of the experimental data, it has been suggested that the immobile methanol molecules are located in the cavity between two neighboring layers of the zirconium phosphates. Thus, the present work illustrates the reliable criteria in a comprehensive NMR approach to structural and dynamic studies of such systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hannah Drake
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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8
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Bakhmutov VI, Drake HF, Zhou HC. Hydronium Ions on the Surface of a Partially Hydrolyzed α-Zirconium Phosphate: Solid-State 2H and 31P MAS NMR Evidence. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:6715-6719. [PMID: 35485842 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of the α-zirconium phosphates 1-D2Oh and 1-D2Oh/dr, partially hydrolyzed with D2O, by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and multinuclear solid-state NMR techniques led to an unprecedented observation of D3O+ ions located on the surface and stabilized by hydrogen bonds. These ions are formed after the surface phosphate groups have been lost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir I Bakhmutov
- NMR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Hannah F Drake
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3003, United States
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9
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Bakhmutov VI, Contreras-Ramirez A, Banerjee S, Zhou HC. Unexpected structural/motional mode of water intercalated into an α-crystalline zirconium phosphate deduced by 31 P and 2 H solid-state MAS NMR spectra. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2022; 60:189-195. [PMID: 34613629 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In developing the approach to understanding dynamics of intercalates in layered materials, crystalline-layered zirconium phosphate Zr (HPO4 )2 ·0.35D2 O has been prepared and characterized by the 1 H, 31 P, and 2 H solid-state MAS NMR spectra, including 31 P and 2 H T1 measurements. At temperatures >253 K, the intercalated water shows two spectrally-distinguished deuterons unprecedentedly with different DQCC's and 2 H T1 times, one of which is hydrogen bonded. The collected data allowed to identify an unexpected bonding/dynamic mode of water molecules, which experience fast rotation around the hydrogen bond, formed with a zirconium-coordinated oxygen. The low-temperature 2 H MAS NMR experiments have demonstrated the presence of additional hydrogen bond P(H)O˙˙˙ DO, population of which grows on cooling to 195 K corresponding to the doubly hydrogen-bonded immobile water molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sayan Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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10
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Fabrication of magnetic dual-hydrophilic metal organic framework for highly efficient glycopeptide enrichment. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:5267-5278. [PMID: 34331089 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03535-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Highly selective glycopeptide enrichment is important before mass spectrometry analysis because of the ultra-low abundance of glycopeptides in the peptide mixtures. Herein, a UiO-66-NH2-based magnetic composite was prepared and used for the hydrophilic enrichment of glycopeptides. The composite was modified with phytic acid (PA) molecules by partially replacing 2-aminoterephthalic acid ligands in UiO-66-NH2, with electrostatic interactions also promoting this modification process. Based on the hydrophilicity of both the PA molecules and the UiO-66-NH2 skeleton, the resulting material, denoted as MUiO-66-NH2/PA, showed excellent dual hydrophilicity towards glycopeptide enrichment. Compared with pure UiO-66-NH2, the specific surface area and hydrophilicity of the prepared material were increased, and MUiO-66-NH2/PA exhibited good magnetic responsiveness to facilitate a convenient enrichment procedure. HRP and IgG were used as standard proteins to evaluate the glycopeptide enrichment properties, with 21 and 34 glycopeptides enriched from their tryptic digests. Furthermore, MUiO-66-NH2/PA showed outstanding sensitivity (1 fmol/μL) and selectivity (HRP/BSA = 1:1000), and achieved remarkable glycopeptide enrichment performance for practical human serum samples. Notably, MUiO-66-NH2/PA showed perfect reusability and stability, achieving enrichment performance after five cycles similar to that of the first use. This material can be used for glycopeptide enrichment to obtain further glycosylation information, providing the possibility for cancer treatment.
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11
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Cs absorption capacity and selectivity of crystalline and amorphous Hf and Zr phosphates. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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García I, Trobajo C, Amghouz Z, Adawy A. Nanolayered Metal Phosphates as Biocompatible Reservoirs for Antimicrobial Silver Nanoparticles. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1481. [PMID: 33803515 PMCID: PMC8002866 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing demand on synthesizing pharmaceuticals and biomaterials that possess antimicrobial and/or antiviral activities. In this respective silver nanoparticles are known for their excellent antimicrobial activity. Nevertheless, their uncontrolled release in a biological medium can induce a cytotoxic effect. For this, we explored the use of nanolayered metal phosphates based on titanium and zirconium as materials that can be enriched with silver nanoparticles. Employing the hydrothermal route, crystalline α-phases of zirconium and titanium phosphates (α-ZrP, α-TiP) were synthesized and there after surface-enriched with silver nanoparticles. The structural assessment confirmed the stability of the structures and their sizes are in the nanoscale at least in one dimension. The cytocompatibility assays confirmed the biocompatibility of the pristine phases and the antimicrobial assay confirmed that both silver-enriched nanolayered structures maintain an antibacterial effect at reasonably low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés García
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Centre—CINN (CSIC), 33940 El Entrego, Spain; (I.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Camino Trobajo
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Centre—CINN (CSIC), 33940 El Entrego, Spain; (I.G.); (C.T.)
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Zakariae Amghouz
- Department of Material Science and Metallurgical Engineering, University of Oviedo, 33203 Gijón, Spain;
| | - Alaa Adawy
- Laboratory of High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy, Institute for Scientific and Technological, Resources, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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13
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Baker J, Xia F, Zhu Z, Zhang X, Sue HJ. α-Zirconium Phosphate Nanoplatelets with Covalent Modifiers for Exfoliation in Organic Media. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:11948-11956. [PMID: 32937067 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposites with exfoliated 2D materials are highly sought after due to resulting material enhancement of barrier and increased modulus among others. In the past, this was achieved by using polyols that were effective but caused a significant drop in the glass transition temperature of the nanocomposite. In this contribution, α-zirconium phosphate (ZrP) nanoplatelets were covalently modified to allow for dispersion in solvents with varying hydrophobicity and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) for the first time. The nanoplatelets were prepared by using a polyetheramine surfactant to achieve exfoliation, followed by modification with epoxides. Combinations of different epoxides were shown capable of tuning the functionality and hydrophobicity of the exfoliated ZrP in organic media. After grafting glycidyl methacrylate and cyclohexene oxide to the surface of ZrP, an in situ free radical polymerization of MMA allowed for high concentrations of self-assembled exfoliated ZrP in a PMMA matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Baker
- Material Science and Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3003, United States
| | - Fangqing Xia
- Material Science and Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3003, United States
| | - Zewen Zhu
- Material Science and Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3003, United States
| | - Xi Zhang
- Material Science and Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3003, United States
| | - Hung-Jue Sue
- Material Science and Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3003, United States
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14
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Ramos-Garcés MV, Colón JL. Preparation of Zirconium Phosphate Nanomaterials and Their Applications as Inorganic Supports for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10050822. [PMID: 32357400 PMCID: PMC7711600 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Zirconium phosphate (ZrP) nanomaterials have been studied extensively ever since the preparation of the first crystalline form was reported in 1964. ZrP and its derivatives, because of their versatility, have found applications in several fields. Herein, we provide an overview of some advancements made in the preparation of ZrP nanomaterials, including exfoliation and morphology control of the nanoparticles. We also provide an overview of the advancements made with ZrP as an inorganic support for the electrocatalysis of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Emphasis is made on how the preparation of the ZrP electrocatalysts affects the activity of the OER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario V. Ramos-Garcés
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, 17 Ave. Universidad STE 1701, San Juan, PR 00925-2537, USA;
- NSF PREM Center for Interfacial Electrochemistry of Energy Materials, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00925, USA
| | - Jorge L. Colón
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, 17 Ave. Universidad STE 1701, San Juan, PR 00925-2537, USA;
- NSF PREM Center for Interfacial Electrochemistry of Energy Materials, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00925, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-787-402-2015
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15
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Ramos-Garcés MV, Sanchez J, La Luz-Rivera K, Del Toro-Pedrosa DE, Jaramillo TF, Colón JL. Morphology control of metal-modified zirconium phosphate support structures for the oxygen evolution reaction. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:3892-3900. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04135d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The morphology of ZrP supports affects the loading and coverage of Co and Ni species, explaining their different OER performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario V. Ramos-Garcés
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Puerto Rico at Río Piedras
- San Juan
- USA
- PREM Center for Interfacial Electrochemistry of Energy Materials
| | - Joel Sanchez
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Stanford University
- Stanford
- USA
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis
| | - Kálery La Luz-Rivera
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Puerto Rico at Río Piedras
- San Juan
- USA
- PREM Center for Interfacial Electrochemistry of Energy Materials
| | | | - Thomas F. Jaramillo
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Stanford University
- Stanford
- USA
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis
| | - Jorge L. Colón
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Puerto Rico at Río Piedras
- San Juan
- USA
- PREM Center for Interfacial Electrochemistry of Energy Materials
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