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Sun Z, Chen W, Zhang B, Gao L, Tao K, Li Q, Sun JL, Yan Q. Polarization conversion in bottom-up grown quasi-1D fibrous red phosphorus flakes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4398. [PMID: 37474534 PMCID: PMC10359251 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40122-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrous red phosphorus (RP) has triggered growing attention as an emerging quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) van der Waals crystal recently. Unfortunately, it is difficult to achieve substrate growth of high-quality fibrous RP flakes due to their inherent quasi-1D structure, which impedes their fundamental property exploration and device integration. Herein, we demonstrate a bottom-up approach for the growth of fibrous RP flakes with (001)-preferred orientation via a chemical vapor transport (CVT) reaction in the P/Sn/I2 system. The formation of fibrous RP flakes can be attributed to the synergistic effect of Sn-mediated P4 partial pressure and the SnI2 capping layer-directed growth. Moreover, we investigate the optical anisotropy of the as-grown flakes, demonstrating their potential application as micro phase retarders in polarization conversion. Our developed bottom-up approach lays the foundation for studying the anisotropy and device integration of fibrous red phosphorus, opening up possibilities for the two-dimensional growth of quasi-1D van der Waals materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojian Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wujia Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lei Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Kezheng Tao
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Lin Sun
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qingfeng Yan
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China.
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2
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Chu F, Zhou W, Zhou R, Li S, Liu D, Zheng Z, Li J, Zhang Y. Strain-Tunable Electronic and Transport Properties of One-Dimensional Fibrous Phosphorus Nanotubes. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:10778-10785. [PMID: 36374552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The one-dimensional van der Waals (1D vdW) material fibrous red phosphorus (FRP) nanotubes are a promising direct-bandgap semiconductor with high carrier mobility and anisotropic optical responses because of low deformation potential and dangling-bond-free anisotropic interface. Employing first-principles calculations, we captured the potential of 1D FRP nanotubes. The thermal stability of 1D FRP nanotubes was confirmed by phonon calculation. Meanwhile, Raman spectroscopy indicated the strong vibration mode (366 cm-1) is along the phosphorus nanotube. Interestingly, spatial anisotropy bandgaps were found along with various stacking orientations. The charge transport calculations showed that the 1D FRP nanotube has a high hole mobility (499.2 cm2 V-1 s-1), considering the weak acoustic phonon scattering. More importantly, we found that the hole mobility changes dramatically (down to 7.1 cm2 V-1 s-1) under the strain, and the strain-dependent charge transport property of 1D FRP nanotubes could be considered to have many potential applications for electronics, optoelectronics, and switching devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feihong Chu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing100124, China
| | - Wencai Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing100124, China
| | - Rongkun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing100124, China
| | - Songyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing100124, China
| | - Danmin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing100124, China
| | - Zilong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing100124, China
| | - Jingzhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing100124, China
| | - Yongzhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing100124, China
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3
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Huang Z, Jiang Z, Tian N, Yao D, Long F, Yang Y, Liu D. Efficient liquid exfoliation of KP 15 nanowires aided by Hansen's empirical theory. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 13:788-795. [PMID: 36105693 PMCID: PMC9443416 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.13.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The KP15 nanowires with one-dimensional properties has a defect-free surface, high anisotropy, and carrier mobility which is desirable for the development of novel nanodevices. However, the preparation of nanoscale KP15 is still inefficient. In this work, the Hansen solubility parameters of KP15 were first obtained. Based on the Hansen's empirical theory, the concentration of liquid-exfoliated KP15 nanowires was improved to 0.0458 mg·mL-1 by a solution containing 50% water and 50% acetone. Approximately 79% of the KP15 nanowires had a thickness value below 50 nm and 60.9% of them had a width value below 100 nm. The thinnest KP15 nanowires reached 5.1 nm and had smooth boundaries. Meanwhile, strong temperature-dependent Raman response in exfoliated KP15 nanowires has been observed, which indicates a strong phonon-phonon coupling in those nanowires. This is helpful for non-invasive temperature measurements of KP15 nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxuan Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zhikang Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Nan Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Disheng Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Fei Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yanhan Yang
- School of Science, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China
| | - Danmin Liu
- Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
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4
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Smera R, Roshith M, Ramasubramanian S, Kumar DVR. Dip to Drink: Solar Photocatalytic Reduction of Cr(VI) Using Fibrous Red Phosphorus Immobilized Quartz Sand as “Dip-Catalyst”. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02281-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Zhao Y, Sun Z, Zhang B, Yan Q. Unveiling the Degradation Chemistry of Fibrous Red Phosphorus under Ambient Conditions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:9925-9932. [PMID: 35138816 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The practical applications of fibrous red phosphorus (FRP), an emerging quasi-one-dimensional material, might be hindered by its environmental instability. Although other phosphorus allotropes such as white phosphorus, violet phosphorus, and black phosphorus are reported unstable under ambient conditions, the chemical stability of FRP remains unexplored. Herein, we investigate the degradation chemistry of FRP by combining experimental study and density functional theory calculations. The results reveal that both oxygen and water can react with FRP, while light illumination may accelerate these reactions. Furthermore, the degradation behavior of FRP shows a pseudo-first-order reaction in oxygenated water, while it follows a pseudo-zero-order reaction in deoxygenated water. Such different reaction kinetics originates from the preferable dissociative adsorption behaviors of O2 molecular and H2O molecular on a FRP surface or at a FRP edge. A covalent modification approach using an aryl diazonium salt was adopted to passivate the surface of FRP flakes and significantly enhance their stability in air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunke Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhaojian Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qingfeng Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Du L, Zhao Y, Wu L, Hu X, Yao L, Wang Y, Bai X, Dai Y, Qiao J, Uddin MG, Li X, Lahtinen J, Bai X, Zhang G, Ji W, Sun Z. Giant anisotropic photonics in the 1D van der Waals semiconductor fibrous red phosphorus. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4822. [PMID: 34376660 PMCID: PMC8355160 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25104-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A confined electronic system can host a wide variety of fascinating electronic, magnetic, valleytronic and photonic phenomena due to its reduced symmetry and quantum confinement effect. For the recently emerging one-dimensional van der Waals (1D vdW) materials with electrons confined in 1D sub-units, an enormous variety of intriguing physical properties and functionalities can be expected. Here, we demonstrate the coexistence of giant linear/nonlinear optical anisotropy and high emission yield in fibrous red phosphorus (FRP), an exotic 1D vdW semiconductor with quasi-flat bands and a sizeable bandgap in the visible spectral range. The degree of photoluminescence (third-order nonlinear) anisotropy can reach 90% (86%), comparable to the best performance achieved so far. Meanwhile, the photoluminescence (third-harmonic generation) intensity in 1D vdW FRP is strong, with quantum efficiency (third-order susceptibility) four (three) times larger than that in the most well-known 2D vdW materials (e.g., MoS2). The concurrent realization of large linear/nonlinear optical anisotropy and emission intensity in 1D vdW FRP paves the way towards transforming the landscape of technological innovations in photonics and optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luojun Du
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Tietotie 3, Finland.
| | - Yanchong Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics; Key Laboratory for Nanoscale Physics and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linlu Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials & Micro-Nano Devices, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xuerong Hu
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Tietotie 3, Finland
- Institute of Photonics and Photon Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lide Yao
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland
| | - Yadong Wang
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Tietotie 3, Finland
| | - Xueyin Bai
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Tietotie 3, Finland
| | - Yunyun Dai
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Tietotie 3, Finland
| | - Jingsi Qiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials & Micro-Nano Devices, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, P.R. China
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Md Gius Uddin
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Tietotie 3, Finland
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics; Key Laboratory for Nanoscale Physics and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jouko Lahtinen
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland
| | - Xuedong Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics; Key Laboratory for Nanoscale Physics and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, China
| | - Guangyu Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics; Key Laboratory for Nanoscale Physics and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials & Micro-Nano Devices, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, P.R. China.
| | - Zhipei Sun
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Tietotie 3, Finland.
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland.
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Hu Z, Guo W. Fibrous Phase Red Phosphorene as a New Photocatalyst for Carbon Dioxide Reduction and Hydrogen Evolution. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2008004. [PMID: 33792191 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202008004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
2D photocatalysts are one of the hottest issues in energy and material science. In the field of photocatalysis, a 2D material with an appropriate bandgap of 1.3 to 2.0 eV is desirable. Herein, a new kind of fibrous phase red phosphorene with a bandgap between 1.43 to 1.54 eV is obtained. This is much better than black phosphorus because the bandgap of black P depends of its layer number. The black P needs to be as thin as 1-2 layers for suitable band diagram, which is difficult to control. The fibrous red phosphorene is first used for photocatalytic CO2 reduction, and its activity is superior to the majority of mainstream photocatalysts and reaches a record-high value among phosphorus. Besides, its activity in hydrogen evolution is higher than most of the phosphorus photocatalysts. The intralayer charge transfer is much easier than interlayer transfer. The mobility of electron and hole along the phosphorene plane is about 20 times higher than that perpendicular to different layers. The activity sites is at region between the two P[21] chains. These regions are easy to be exposed for fibrous phase phosphorene, making it to exhibit high activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuofeng Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiqing Guo
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
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8
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Zhang G, Liu D, Tian N, Wang X, Yan W, Huang Z, Zhang Y. Controllable Liquid Exfoliation of Fibrous Phosphorus and Its Live-Cell Imaging. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:4883-4890. [PMID: 33711893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
One-dimensional materials have been intensively studied because of their diverse properties, which are revealed when exfoliated from their bulk precursor. Liquid exfoliation is not only possibly the most suitable method for large-scale applications but also affords an opportunity to develop new deposition techniques. Fibrous phosphorus is a relatively new, one-dimensional material with high carrier mobility and a fast response velocity for future application in nanodevices. Because controllable liquid exfoliation processing of fibrous phosphorus (FP) remains challenging, we considered two factors: the exfoliated result and the removable solvents. We proposed a method for determining suitable solvents for efficient exfoliation and controllable size of fibrous phosphorus using Hansen solubility parameters. By controlling the water/acetone mixture ratios, the exfoliation effect could be controlled. Our work showed that 40% of the FP nanofibers were less than 10 nm in thickness and 70% of them were less than 20 nm. Furthermore, fibrous phosphorus produced a red fluorescence in bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Zhang
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Danmin Liu
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Nan Tian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Xiuhong Wang
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.,Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Institute of Laser Engineering, Key Laboratory of Trans-scale Laser Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Wujuan Yan
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zikun Huang
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongzhe Zhang
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100124, China
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