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Zeng H, Li S, Chang H, Zhai Y, Wang H, Weng H, Han Z. Circ_002033 Regulates Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Oxidative Damage of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells via the miR-199a-5p-MAP3K11 Axis in Heat Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:14386-14401. [PMID: 38869955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Heat stress is becoming the major factor regarding dairy cow health and milk quality because of global warming. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a special type of noncoding RNAs, which are related to regulating many biological processes. Nonetheless, little is known concerning their effects on heat-stressed bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). Here, this study found a novel circRNA, circ_002033, using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and explored the role and underlying regulatory mechanism in proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative damage in a heat-stressed bovine mammary epithelial cell line (MAC-T). According to the previous RNA-seq analysis, the abundance of circ_002033 in mammary gland tissue of heat-stressed cows increased relative to nonheat-stressed counterparts. This study found that the knockdown of circ_002033 promoted proliferation and alleviated apoptosis and oxidative damage in heat-stressed MAC-T. Mechanistically, circ_002033 localizes to miR-199a-5p in the cytoplasm of MAC-T to regulate mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 11 (MAP3K11) expression. Meanwhile, miR-199a-5p and MAP3K11 are also involved in regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of heat-stressed MAC-T. Importantly, circ_002033 knockdown promoted the expression of miR-199a-5p while decreasing that of MAP3K11, thereby enhancing proliferation while alleviating apoptosis and oxidative damage in heat-stressed MAC-T. In summary, we found that circ_002033 regulates the proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative damage of heat-stressed BMECs through the miR-199a-5p/MAP3K11 axis, providing the theoretical molecular foundation for mitigating heat stress of dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanfang Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shujie Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haomiao Chang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yunfei Zhai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haihui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hantong Weng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhaoyu Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Wang Y, Wu Y, Yang S, Gao R, Lv X, Yang Z, Jiao P, Zhang N, Loor JJ, Chen Z. m 6A Methylation Mediates the Function of the circRNA-08436/miR-195/ELOVL6 Axis in Regards to Lipid Metabolism in Dairy Goat Mammary Glands. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1715. [PMID: 38929334 PMCID: PMC11201019 DOI: 10.3390/ani14121715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The nutritional value of goat milk is determined by the composition of its fatty acids, with particular importance placed on the role of unsaturated fatty acids in promoting human health. CircRNAs have been known to affect fatty acid metabolism through different pathways. In this study, high-throughput sequencing was employed to construct expression profiles of mammary tissue harvested during the dry period and peak lactation stages of dairy goats. Differentially expressed circRNAs and mRNAs were screened, revealing significantly higher expression levels of circRNA-08436 and ELOVL6 during the peak lactation period compared with the dry period. Thus, circRNA-08436 and ELOVL6 were chosen for subsequent studies. The findings demonstrated that circRNA-08436 not only promotes the synthesis of triglyceride (TAG) and cholesterol in goat mammary epithelial cells (GMECs), but also increases the concentrations of saturated fatty acids in the cells. Through the utilization of software prediction, the dual luciferase reporter system, and qRT-PCR, it was observed that circRNA-08436 binds to miR-195, with its overexpression reducing the expression levels of miR-195 and inhibiting TAG synthesis. In addition, circRNA-08436 upregulated the expression levels of the miR-195 target gene ELOVL6. The data also revealed that YTHDC1 facilitated the transport of circRNA-08436 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, while YTHDC2 in the cytoplasm functioned as a "reader" to identify and degrade circRNA-08436. Taken together, these findings contribute to a better understanding of the molecular regulation of fatty acid metabolism in the mammary glands of dairy goats, thus offering a sound theoretical basis for the production of high-quality goat milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of Xinjiang, Institute of Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830000, China; (Y.W.); (N.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Grass Feeding Livestock, Minisitry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (S.Y.); (R.G.); (X.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Yanni Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (S.Y.); (R.G.); (X.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Sitian Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (S.Y.); (R.G.); (X.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Rui Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (S.Y.); (R.G.); (X.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Xiaoyang Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (S.Y.); (R.G.); (X.L.); (Z.Y.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhangping Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (S.Y.); (R.G.); (X.L.); (Z.Y.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Peixin Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of Xinjiang, Institute of Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830000, China; (Y.W.); (N.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Grass Feeding Livestock, Minisitry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Juan J. Loor
- Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Zhi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of Xinjiang, Institute of Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830000, China; (Y.W.); (N.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Grass Feeding Livestock, Minisitry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (S.Y.); (R.G.); (X.L.); (Z.Y.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Feng X, Tong L, Ma L, Mu T, Yu B, Ma R, Li J, Wang C, Zhang J, Gu Y. Mining key circRNA-associated-ceRNA networks for milk fat metabolism in cows with varying milk fat percentages. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:323. [PMID: 38561663 PMCID: PMC10983688 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10252-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cow milk fat is an essential indicator for evaluating and measuring milk quality and cow performance. Growing research has identified the molecular functions of circular RNAs (circRNAs) necessary for mammary gland development and lactation in mammals. METHOD The present study analyzed circRNA expression profiling data in mammary epithelial cells (MECs) from cows with highly variable milk fat percentage (MFP) using differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). RESULTS A total of 309 differentially expressed circRNAs (DE-circRNAs) were identified in the high and low MFP groups. WGCNA analysis revealed that the pink module was significantly associated with MFP (r = - 0.85, P = 0.007). Parental genes of circRNAs in this module were enriched mainly in lipid metabolism-related signaling pathways, such as focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, adherens junction and AMPK. Finally, six DE-circRNAs were screened from the pink module: circ_0010571, circ_0007797, circ_0002746, circ_0003052, circ_0004319, and circ_0012840. Among them, circ_0002746, circ_0003052, circ_0004319, and circ_0012840 had circular structures and were highly expressed in mammary tissues. Subcellular localization revealed that these four DE-circRNAs may play a regulatory role in the mammary glands of dairy cows, mainly as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). Seven hub target genes (GNB1, GNG2, PLCB1, PLCG1, ATP6V0C, NDUFS4, and PIGH) were obtained by constructing the regulatory network of their ceRNAs and then analyzed by CytoHubba and MCODE plugins in Cytoscape. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these genes are crucial and most probable ceRNA regulators in milk fat metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified several vital circRNAs and ceRNAs affecting milk fat synthesis, providing new research ideas and a theoretical basis for cow lactation, milk quality, and breed improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Lijia Tong
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Lina Ma
- NingXia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 750002, Yinchuan, China
| | - Tong Mu
- School of Life Science, Yan'an University, 716000, Yanan, China
| | - Baojun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ruoshuang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jiwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Chuanchuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China.
| | - Yaling Gu
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
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Lyu CC, Meng Y, Che HY, Suo JL, He YT, Zheng Y, Jiang H, Zhang JB, Yuan B. MSI2 Modulates Unsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism by Binding FASN in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20359-20371. [PMID: 38059915 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of fatty acid metabolism is crucial for milk flavor and quality. Therefore, it is important to explore the genes that play a role in fatty acid metabolism and their mechanisms of action. The RNA-binding protein Musashi2 (MSI2) is involved in the regulation of numerous biological processes and plays a regulatory role in post-transcriptional translation. However, its role in the mammary glands of dairy cows has not been reported. The present study examined MSI2 expression in mammary glands from lactating and dry milk cows. Experimental results in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) showed that MSI2 was negatively correlated with the ability to synthesize milk fat and that MSI2 decreased the content of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) in BMECs. Silencing of Msi2 increased triglyceride accumulation in BMECs and increased the proportion of UFAs. MSI2 affects TAG synthesis and milk fat synthesis by regulating fatty acid synthase (FASN). In addition, RNA immunoprecipitation experiments in BMECs demonstrated for the first time that MSI2 can bind to the 3'-UTR of FASN mRNA to exert a regulatory effect. In conclusion, MSI2 affects milk fat synthesis and fatty acid metabolism by regulating the triglyceride synthesis and UFA content through binding FASN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Chen Lyu
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Hao-Yu Che
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Jin-Long Suo
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yun-Tong He
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Jia-Bao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Bao Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
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Wang S, Pan C, Sheng H, Yang M, Yang C, Feng X, Hu C, Ma Y. Construction of a molecular regulatory network related to fat deposition by multi-tissue transcriptome sequencing of Jiaxian red cattle. iScience 2023; 26:108346. [PMID: 38026203 PMCID: PMC10665818 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) refers to the fat that accumulates between muscle bundles or within muscle cells, whose content significantly impacts the taste, tenderness, and flavor of meat products, making it a crucial economic characteristic in livestock production. However, the intricate mechanisms governing IMF deposition, involving non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), genes, and complex regulatory networks, remain largely enigmatic. Identifying adipose tissue-specific genes and ncRNAs is paramount to unravel these molecular mysteries. This study, conducted on Jiaxian red cattle, harnessed whole transcriptome sequencing to unearth the nuances of circRNAs and miRNAs across seven distinct tissues. The interplay of these ncRNAs was assessed through differential expression analysis and network analysis. These findings are not only pivotal in unveiling the intricacies of fat deposition mechanisms but also lay a robust foundation for future research, setting the stage for enhancing IMF content in Jiaxian red cattle breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Cuili Pan
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Hui Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Mengli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Chaoyun Yang
- Xichang College, Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xue Feng
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Chunli Hu
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Yun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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Sahito JZA, Deng S, Qin L, Xiao L, Zhang D, Huang B. CeRNA Network Reveals the Circular RNA Characterization in Goat Ear Fibroblasts Reprogramming into Mammary Epithelial Cells. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1831. [PMID: 37895180 PMCID: PMC10606430 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNA that play a crucial role in the development and lactation of mammary glands in mammals. A total of 107 differentially expressed circRNAs (DE circRNAs) were found, of which 52 were up-regulated and 55 were down-regulated. We also found that DE circRNA host genes were mainly involved in GO terms related to the development process of mammary epithelial cells and KEGG pathways were mostly related to mammary epithelial cells, lactation, and gland development. Protein network analysis found that DE circRNAs can competitively bind to miRNAs as key circRNAs by constructing a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. CircRNAs competitively bind to miRNAs (miR-10b-3p, miR-671-5p, chi-miR-200c, chi-miR-378-3p, and chi-miR-30e-5p) involved in goat mammary gland development, mammary epithelial cells, and lactation, affecting the expression of core genes (CDH2, MAPK1, ITGB1, CAMSAP2, and MAPKAPK5). Here, we generated CiMECs and systematically explored the differences in the transcription profile for the first time using whole-transcriptome sequencing. We also analyzed the interaction among mRNA, miRNA, and cirRNA and predicted that circRNA plays an important role in the maintenance of mammary epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jam Zaheer Ahmed Sahito
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (J.Z.A.S.); (S.D.); (L.Q.); (L.X.); (D.Z.)
| | - Shan Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (J.Z.A.S.); (S.D.); (L.Q.); (L.X.); (D.Z.)
| | - Liangshan Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (J.Z.A.S.); (S.D.); (L.Q.); (L.X.); (D.Z.)
| | - Lianggui Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (J.Z.A.S.); (S.D.); (L.Q.); (L.X.); (D.Z.)
| | - Dandan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (J.Z.A.S.); (S.D.); (L.Q.); (L.X.); (D.Z.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Ben Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (J.Z.A.S.); (S.D.); (L.Q.); (L.X.); (D.Z.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
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Xue Q, Huang Y, Cheng C, Wang Y, Liao F, Duan Q, Wang X, Miao C. Progress in epigenetic regulation of milk synthesis, with particular emphasis on mRNA regulation and DNA methylation. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:1675-1693. [PMID: 37409592 PMCID: PMC10446801 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2225939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inadequate milk secretion and a lack of nutrients in humans and mammals are serious problems. It is of great significance to clarify the mechanisms of milk synthesis and treatment methods. Epigenetic modification, represented by RNA methylation, is an important way of gene expression regulation that profoundly affects human gene expression and participates in various physiological and pathological mechanisms. Epigenetic disorders also have an important impact on the production and secretion of milk. This review systematically summarized the research results of epigenetics in the process of lactation in PubMed, Web of Science, NSTL, and other databases and reviewed the effects of epigenetics on human and mammalian lactation, including miRNAs, circRNAs, lncRNAs, DNA methylations, and RNA methylations. The abnormal expression of miRNAs was closely related to the synthesis and secretion of milk fat, milk protein, and other nutrients in the milk of cattle, sheep, and other mammals. MiRNAs are also involved in the synthesis of human milk and the secretion of nutrients. CircRNAs and lncRNAs mainly target miRNAs and regulate the synthesis of nutrients in milk by ceRNA mechanisms. The abnormal expression of DNA and RNA methylation also has an important impact on milk synthesis. Epigenetic modification has the potential to regulate the milk synthesis of breast epithelial cells. Analyzing the mechanisms of human and mammalian milk secretion deficiency and nutrient deficiency from the perspective of epigenetics will provide a new perspective for the treatment of postpartum milk deficiency in pregnant women and mammalian milk secretion deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yurong Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Chenglong Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Faxue Liao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, China
| | - Qiangjun Duan
- Department of Experimental (Practical Training) Teaching Center, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Chenggui Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Institute of Rheumatism, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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8
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Sun P, Chen M, Sooranna SR, Shi D, Liu Q, Li H. The emerging roles of circRNAs in traits associated with livestock breeding. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1775. [PMID: 36631071 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Many indicators can be used to evaluate the productivity and quality of livestock, such as meat and milk production as well as fat deposition. Meat and milk production are measures of livestock performance, while fat deposition affects the taste and flavor of the meat. The circRNAs, are non-coding RNAs, that are involved in the regulation of all these three traits. We review the functions and mechanisms of circRNAs in muscle and fat development as well as lactation to provide a theoretical basis for circRNA research in animal husbandry. Various phenotypic changes presented in livestock may be produced by different circRNAs. Our current concern is how to use the roles played by circRNAs to our advantage to produce the best possible livestock. Hence, we describe the advantages and disadvantages of knockout techniques for circRNAs. In addition, we also put forward our thoughts regarding the mechanism and network of circRNAs to provide researchers with novel ideas of how molecular biology can help us advance our goals in animal farming. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Recognition RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA-Protein Complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Mengjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Suren R Sooranna
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Deshun Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Qingyou Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Chen Z, Wang Y, Wang K, Zhang Z, Han M, Li G, Zhang B, Yang Y, Loor JJ, Yang Z, Wang M, Dai R, Zhong F. CircRNA-02191 regulating unsaturated fatty acid synthesis by adsorbing miR-145 to enhance CD36 expression in bovine mammary gland. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125306. [PMID: 37315673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
CD36 functions as a receptor for long-chain fatty acids, promoting the absorption and transport of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids. However, the regulatory influence of upstream circRNAs or miRNAs on its expression in cow mammary gland remains unclear. Herein, we performed high-throughput sequencing to screen for differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in bovine mammary tissue during the late-lactation and the dry period to screen and conducted bioinformatics analysis to identify 420 miRNA/mRNA pairs, including miR-145/CD36. Experimental results indicate that miR-145 can directly target CD36 and inhibit its expression. Additionally, the circRNA-02191 sequence is predicted to contain a miR-145 binding site. As shown by dual luciferase reporter system detection, circRNA-02191 bound to miR-145 and its overexpression significantly reduced the expression of miR-145. Furthermore, the overexpression of miR-145 inhibited triglyceride accumulation, while circRNA-02191 enhanced the expression of the miR-145 target gene CD36. The above results indicate that circRNA-02191 can regulate triglyceride and fatty acid components by binding miR-145 and subsequently alleviating the inhibitory effect of miR-145 on the expression of CD36. Taken together, these findings present a novel approach to improve milk quality by analyzing the regulatory effect and mechanism regulating the circ02191/miR-145/CD36 pathway on fatty acid synthesis in the mammary gland of dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhenbin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mengli Han
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Zhangping Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Rong Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China.
| | - Fagang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China.
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10
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Comprehensive Profiling of ceRNA (circRNA-miRNA-mRNA) Networks in Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Mammary Gland Axis of Dairy Cows under Heat Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010888. [PMID: 36614329 PMCID: PMC9821774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) is directly correlated with mammary gland dysfunction and the hypothalamic-pituitary-mammary gland (HPM) axis is involved in regulating stress responses and lactation in dairy cows. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play major roles in regulating transcription and post-transcription but their expression in the HPM axis of dairy cows under HS is still unclear. In the present study, we performed RNA sequencing to identify diferentially expressed (DE) circRNAs, DE microRNAs(miRNAs) and DEmRNAs, and performed bioinformatics analysis on those in HPM axis-related tissues of heat-stressed and normal cows. A total of 1680, 1112 and 521 DEcircRNAs, 120, 493 and 108 DEmiRNAs, 274, 6475 and 3134 DEmRNAs were identified in the hypothalamic, pituitary, and mammary gland tissues, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses indicated that the MAPK signaling pathway is potentially a key pathway. Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks related to HS response and lactation regulation were established in three tissues. In conclusion, our results indicate that HS induces differential circRNA expression profiles in HPM axis-related tissues, and the predicted ceRNA network provides a molecular basis for regulating the stress response and lactation regulation in heat-stressed dairy cows.
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11
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Ma H, Bian S, Li Y, Ni A, Zhang R, Ge P, Han P, Wang Y, Zhao J, Zong Y, Yuan J, Sun Y, Chen J. Analyses of circRNAs profiles of the lactating and nonlactating crops in pigeon (Columba livia). Poult Sci 2022; 102:102464. [PMID: 36680859 PMCID: PMC9871334 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pigeon has the specific biological ability to produce pigeon milk (also known as crop milk) by its crop. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important noncoding RNAs acting as the sponges of miRNAs, but the molecular mechanism of circRNAs regulating crop milk production has not been reported in pigeon. We compared expression profiles of crops during lactating and nonlactating crops, and networks of competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) were constructed. The results showed a total of 8,723 circRNAs were identified, and there were 770 differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs) between these two different periods of crops. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the host genes of DECs were enriched in GnRH, MAPK, Insulin, Wnt, and AMPK signaling pathways. Furthermore, gga_circ_0000300 interacted with miR-92-2-5p, which targeted genes participating in lactation and milk composition synthesis. Gga_circ_0003018, gga_circ_0003019 and gga_circ_0003020 could bind with let-7c-5p regulating SOCS3 in crop milk production. These findings provide the circRNAs expression profiles and facilitate the analysis of molecular mechanism of crop milk production in pigeon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shixiong Bian
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yunlei Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Aixin Ni
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pingzhuang Ge
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pengmin Han
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030800, China
| | - Yuanmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinmeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yunhe Zong
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingwei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanyan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jilan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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12
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Chen Z, Lu Q, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Cao X, Wang K, Lu X, Yang Z, Loor JJ, Jiao P. Circ007071 Inhibits Unsaturated Fatty Acid Synthesis by Interacting with miR-103-5p to Enhance PPARγ Expression in the Dairy Goat Mammary Gland. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:13719-13729. [PMID: 36222227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Understanding more precisely the mechanisms controlling the metabolism of fatty acid in the mammary gland of dairy goats is essential for future improvements in milk quality. Particularly since recent data have underscored a key role for circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the mammary gland function, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to identify expression levels of circRNAs in the mammary tissue of dairy goats during early and peak lactation in the present study. Compared with early lactation, results demonstrated that the expression level of circ007071 during peak lactation was 12.02-fold up-regulated. Subsequent studies in goat mammary epithelial cells (GMECs) revealed that circ007071 stimulated the synthesis of triglycerides (TAG) and cholesterol, as well as increased the content of saturated fatty acids (C16:0 and C18:0). More importantly, using a double luciferase reporting system allowed us to detect the circ007071 sequence at a binding site of miR-103-5p, indicating that it targeted this miRNA. Overexpression of circ007071 significantly decreased the abundance of miR-103-5p and led to inhibition of TAG synthesis. In contrast, the abundance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a target gene of miR-103-5p, was reinforced with the overexpression of circ007071. Thus, we conclude that one key function of circ007071 in the regulation of milk fat synthesis is to attenuate the inhibitory effect of miR-103-5p on PPARγ via direct interactions with miRNA. As a result, the process of TAG and saturated fatty acid is able to proceed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Qinyue Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Xinlong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Zhiyue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xiang Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Xiaotan Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Zhangping Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Peixin Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
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13
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Liu Q, Zhang M, Guo T, Wu S, Zong Y, Xu C, Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Cao Z. Expression Profiling of Circular RNAs in Early Pregnant Jianghuai Buffaloes. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12202748. [PMID: 36290133 PMCID: PMC9597768 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary CircRNA transcriptome sequencing technology is widely used in the study of germ-line stem cell proliferation and differentiation and early embryonic development, but the research on early pregnancy diagnosis in female animals is still in the preliminary stage, and the specific regulatory mechanism has not been reported. Here, we identified numerous differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs) in the venous blood of the distinctive local breed of Chinese Jianghuai buffalo. Analysis of the enrichment showed that DECs were mainly enriched in the epidermal growth factor receptor-signaling pathway that is important for embryonic development and pregnancy maintenance. These findings have provided a better understanding of buffalo pregnancy establishment and a potential basis for improving early pregnancy diagnosis techniques in buffalo. Abstract Circular RNA (circRNA) is expressed in cells and tissues of several species. However, the expression of circRNAs in the blood of Jianghuai buffaloes during early pregnancy has not been reported. In this study, we identified the DECs in the blood of Jianghuai buffaloes and annotated the functions of these DECs. The results showed that there were 890 DECs between the pregnant and non-pregnant groups, of which more than 80% were exon-derived circRNAs, including 323 up-regulated circRNAs and 567 down-regulated circRNAs. Enrichment analysis revealed that DECs were mainly enriched in the epidermal growth factor receptor-signaling pathway important for embryonic development and pregnancy maintenance. In addition, most DECs have multiple miRNA targets, suggesting that these DECs have the potential to function as miRNA sponges. In conclusion, several DECs are present between pregnant and non-pregnant Jianghuai buffaloes, and these DECs are associated with embryo implantation and pregnancy establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuchen Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Mengya Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Tenglong Guo
- Department of Animal Engineering, Huaian Bioengineering Vocational College, Huaian 223001, China
| | - Sucheng Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yanfeng Zong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Changzhi Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zhihua Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); Tel.: +86-551-6578-6537 (Y.Z. & Z.C.)
| | - Zubing Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); Tel.: +86-551-6578-6537 (Y.Z. & Z.C.)
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14
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Jiao P, Zhang M, Wang Z, Liang G, Xie X, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Jiang Q, Loor JJ. Circ003429 Regulates Unsaturated Fatty Acid Synthesis in the Dairy Goat Mammary Gland by Interacting with miR-199a-3p, Targeting the YAP1 Gene. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23074068. [PMID: 35409428 PMCID: PMC8999533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid composition is a key factor affecting the flavor and quality of goat milk. CircRNAs are now recognized as important regulators of transcription, and they play an important role in the control of fatty acid synthesis. Thus, understanding the regulatory mechanisms controlling this process in ruminant mammary glands is of great significance. In the present study, mammary tissue from dairy goats during early lactation and the dry period (nonlactating) were collected and used for high-throughput sequencing. Compared to levels during the dry period, the expression level of circ003429 during early lactation was lower (12.68-fold downregulated). In isolated goat mammary epithelial cells, circ003429 inhibited the synthesis of triglycerides (TAG) and decreased the content of unsaturated fatty acids (C16:1, C18:1, and C18:2), indicating that this circRNA plays an important role in regulating lipid synthesis. A binding site for miR-199a-3p in the circ003429 sequence was detected, and a dual-luciferase reporter system revealed that circ003429 targets miR-199a-3p. Overexpression of circ003429 (pcDNA-circ003429) downregulated the abundance of miR-199a-3p. In contrast, overexpression of miR-199a-3p increased TAG content and decreased mRNA abundance of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) (a target gene of miR-199a-3p), and TAG content was decreased and mRNA abundance was increased in response to overexpression of circ003429. These results indicate that circ003429 alleviates the inhibitory effect of miR-199a-3p on the mRNA abundance of YAP1 by binding miR-199a-3p, resulting in subsequent regulation of the synthesis of TAG and unsaturated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (P.J.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (G.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Meimei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (P.J.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (G.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ziwei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (P.J.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (G.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Gege Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (P.J.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (G.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiaolai Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (P.J.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (G.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yonggen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (P.J.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (G.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zhi Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (J.J.L.)
| | - Qianming Jiang
- Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Juan J. Loor
- Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (J.J.L.)
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15
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Identification and Characterization of Circular RNAs in Mammary Tissue from Holstein Cows at Early Lactation and Non-Lactation. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030478. [PMID: 35327670 PMCID: PMC8946036 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, circular RNAs (circRNAs) from Holstein cow mammary tissues were identified and compared between early lactation and non-lactation. After analysis, 10,684 circRNAs were identified, ranging from 48 to 99,406 bp, and the average size was 882 bp. The circRNAs were mainly distributed on chromosomes 1 to 11, and 89.89% of the circRNAs belonged to sense-overlapping circRNA. The exons contained with circRNAs ranged from 1 to 47 and were concentrated from 1 to 5. Compared with the non-lactating cows, 87 circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in the peak lactation cows. There were 68 upregulated circRNAs and 19 downregulated circRNAs. Enrichment analysis of circRNAs showed that GO analysis mainly focused on immune response, triglyceride transport, T cell receptor signaling pathway, etc. Pathway analysis mainly focused on cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, T helper 17 cell differentiation, fatty acid biosynthesis, the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, etc. Specific primers were designed for two proximal ends of the circRNA junction sites to allow for PCR validation of four randomly selected circRNAs and carry out circRNA-miRNA interaction research. This study revealed the expression profile and characteristics of circRNAs in mammary tissue from Holstein cows at early lactation and non-lactation, thus providing rich information for the study of circRNA functions and mechanisms, as well as potential candidate miRNA genes for studying lactation in Holstein cows.
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16
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CircEZH2 Regulates Milk Fat Metabolism through miR-378b Sponge Activity. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12060718. [PMID: 35327115 PMCID: PMC8944462 DOI: 10.3390/ani12060718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Heat stress has seriously threatened the performance and health of dairy cows and has become one of the most important factors restricting the development of the dairy industry. In our previous study, we found that heat stress markedly altered the expression patterns of circRNAs in dairy cow’s mammary gland tissue, and heat-induced circRNAs participated in the regulation of milk fat metabolism through competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks. Therefore, we evaluated the roles of heat-induced circEZH2 in the regulation of milk fat metabolism in this study. In more detail, we found that circEZH2 affects the proliferation, apoptosis, and lipid metabolism of mammary gland epithelial cells, and successfully verified the targeting relationship of circEZH2-bta-miR378b-LPL and circEZH2-bta-miR378b-CD36. This experiment expands the basic data on the role of circRNA in milk fat regulation, and provides a theoretical basis for alleviating heat stress in dairy cows. Abstract In this study, we evaluated the roles of heat-induced circEZH2 in the regulation of milk fat metabolism. CircEZH2 overexpression increased HC11 cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis. These changes were accompanied by increased expression of proliferation marker proteins (PCNA, Cyclin D, and Cyclin E) and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2, while expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and cleaved-caspase was reduced. SiRNA-mediated silencing of EZH2 in HC11 cells had the opposite effects. CircEZH2 overexpression promoted the uptake of a fluorescent fatty acid (Bodipy) as well as expression of the fatty acid transport-related protein CD36, lipolysis-related protein LPL, and unsaturated fatty acid metabolism-related proteins FADS1 and SCD1. Dual luciferase reporter assays verified the targeting relationship of the two ceRNA networks, circEZH2-miR378b-LPL and circEZH2-miR378b-CD36. This information provides further clarification of the role of circRNAs in milk fat regulation in addition to a theoretical basis for alleviating the effects of heat stress on milk production by dairy cows.
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17
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The Role of microRNAs in the Mammary Gland Development, Health, and Function of Cattle, Goats, and Sheep. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:ncrna7040078. [PMID: 34940759 PMCID: PMC8708473 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7040078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk is an integral and therefore complex structural element of mammalian nutrition. Therefore, it is simple to conclude that lactation, the process of producing milk, is as complex as the mammary gland, the organ responsible for this biochemical activity. Nutrition, genetics, epigenetics, disease pathogens, climatic conditions, and other environmental variables all impact breast productivity. In the last decade, the number of studies devoted to epigenetics has increased dramatically. Reports are increasingly describing the direct participation of microRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, in the regulation of mammary gland development and function. This paper presents a summary of the current state of knowledge about the roles of miRNAs in mammary gland development, health, and functions, particularly during lactation. The significance of miRNAs in signaling pathways, cellular proliferation, and the lipid metabolism in agricultural ruminants, which are crucial in light of their role in the nutrition of humans as consumers of dairy products, is discussed.
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18
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Chen Z, Cao X, Lu Q, Zhou J, Wang Y, Wu Y, Mao Y, Xu H, Yang Z. circ01592 regulates unsaturated fatty acid metabolism through adsorbing miR-218 in bovine mammary epithelial cells. Food Funct 2021; 12:12047-12058. [PMID: 34761771 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02797b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The composition of fatty acids plays a key role in regulating milk flavor and quality. Therefore, to improve the quality of milk, it is particularly important to study the regulatory mechanism of fatty acid metabolism in dairy cows. In this study, the expression profiles at non-lactation, peak-lactation, mid-lactation and late-lactation were constructed by high-throughput sequencing. Considering non-lactation as the control group and the other points as the experimental groups, the differentially expressed genes were screened. ELOVL5 was significantly upregulated and was selected for subsequent analyses. Bioinformatics prediction, a dual-luciferase assay, qPCR analysis and western blot analysis were used for verification. The results showed that ELOVL5 was a downstream target gene of miR-218 that regulated milk fat metabolism. A dual-luciferase assay and expression level analysis showed that circ01592 can directly bind to miR-218 and that overexpression of circ01592 (pcDNA-circ01592) significantly reduced the expression of miR-218 and enhanced the expression of ELOVL5, the target gene of miR-218 in BMECs. A functional study of BMECs showed that circ01592 promoted the synthesis of TAG and increased the content of UFA. The function of miR-218 was opposite to that of circ01592. Overall, the data showed that circ01592 promoted TAG synthesis and fatty acid composition by binding miR-218, alleviating the inhibitory effect of miR-218 on ELOVL5 expression. These mechanisms provide a new research approach and theoretical basis for improving milk quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qinyue Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jingpeng Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanni Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongjiang Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Huifen Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhangping Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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19
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Lu Q, Chen Z, Ji D, Mao Y, Jiang Q, Yang Z, Loor JJ. Progress on the Regulation of Ruminant Milk Fat by Noncoding RNAs and ceRNAs. Front Genet 2021; 12:733925. [PMID: 34790222 PMCID: PMC8591074 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.733925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk fat is not only a key factor affecting the quality of fresh milk but also a major target trait forbreeding. The regulation of milk fat involves multiple genes, network regulation and signal transduction. To explore recent discoveries of pathway regulation, we reviewed the published literature with a focus on functional noncoding RNAs and epigenetic regulation in ruminants. Results indicate that miRNAs play key roles in the regulation of milk fat synthesis and catabolism in ruminants. Although few data are available, merging evidence indicates that lncRNAs and circRNAs act on milk fat related genes through indirect action with microRNAs or RNAs in the ceRNA network to elicit positive effects on transcription. Although precise regulatory mechanisms remain unclear, most studies have focused on the regulation of the function of target genes through functional noncoding RNAs. Data to help identify factors that can regulate their own expression and function or to determine whether self-regulation involves positive and/or negative feedback are needed. Despite the growing body of research on the role of functional noncoding RNA in the control of ruminant milk fat, most data are still not translatable for field applications. Overall, the understanding of mechanisms whereby miRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, and ceRNA regulate ruminant milk fat remains an exciting area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- QinYue Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dejun Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongjiang Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qianming Jiang
- Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Zhangping Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
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20
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Chen Z, Lu Q, Liang Y, Cui X, Wang X, Mao Y, Yang Z. Circ11103 Interacts with miR-128/ PPARGC1A to Regulate Milk Fat Metabolism in Dairy Cows. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:4490-4500. [PMID: 33826315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The quality of milk is inseparable from its milk components, and fatty acid content is a key factor affecting the quality of milk. In this study, the miRNA and mRNA profiles of the bovine mammary gland tissue during the dry period and the peak lactation period were determined through high-throughput sequencing. In total, 72 miRNA-mRNA regulatory pathways were screened, including miR-128/PPARGC1A regulatory pathways. miR-128 can directly target PPARGC1A and inhibit its expression. In addition, the study also observed that there was a miR-128 binding site in the sequence of the circular RNA circ11103, and circ11103 significantly reduced the expression of miR-128. circ11103 upregulated the triglyceride levels in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) and increased the contents of unsaturated fatty acids. However, miR-128 decreased triglyceride and cholesterol levels in BMECs. This study aims to analyze the mechanism governing the regulatory effect of circ11103 on milk fat metabolism, which provides new insights into improving milk quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Qinyue Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yusheng Liang
- Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Xiangshun Cui
- Laboratory of Animal Developmental Biology, Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yongjiang Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Zhangping Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
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21
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Functional Role of circRNAs in the Regulation of Fetal Development, Muscle Development, and Lactation in Livestock. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5383210. [PMID: 33688493 PMCID: PMC7914090 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5383210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
circRNAs are a class of endogenous noncoding RNA molecules with closed loop structures. They are mainly responsible for regulating gene expression in eukaryotic cells. With the emergence of high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and new types of bioinformatics tools, thousands of circRNAs have been discovered, making circRNA one of the research hotspots. Recent studies have shown that circRNAs play an important regulatory role in the growth, reproduction, and formation of livestock products. They can not only regulate mammalian fetal growth and development but also have important regulatory effects on livestock muscle development and lactation. In this review, we briefly introduce the putative biogenic pathways and regulatory functions of circRNA and highlight our understanding of circRNA and its latest advances in fetal development, muscle development, and lactation biogenesis as well as expression in livestock. This review will provide a theoretical basis for the research and development of related industries.
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22
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The miR-145-5p/CD36 pathway mediates PCB2-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Genes Genomics 2021; 43:161-171. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-020-01025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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