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Zhang G, Xiao P, Yuan M, Li Y, Xu Y, Li H, Sun J, Sun B. Roles of sulfur-containing compounds in fermented beverages with 2-furfurylthiol as a case example. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1196816. [PMID: 37457986 PMCID: PMC10348841 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1196816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aroma is a critical component of the flavor and quality of beverages. Among the volatile chemicals responsible for fragrance perception, sulfur compounds are unique odorants due to their extremely low odor threshold. Although trace amounts of sulfur compounds can enhance the flavor profile of beverages, they can lead to off-odors. Sulfur compounds can be formed via Maillard reaction and microbial metabolism, imparting coffee aroma and altering the flavor of beverages. In order to increase the understanding of sulfur compounds in the field of food flavor, 2-furfurylthiol (FFT) was chosen as a representative to discuss the current status of their generation, sensory impact, enrichment, analytical methods, formation mechanisms, aroma deterioration, and aroma regulation. FFT is comprehensively reviewed, and the main beverages of interest are typically baijiu, beer, wine, and coffee. Challenges and recommendations for FFT are also discussed, including analytical methods and mechanisms of formation, interactions between FFT and other compounds, and the development of specific materials to extend the duration of aroma after release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihu Zhang
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Yuan
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Youming Li
- Inner Mongolia Taibus Banner Grassland Brewing Co., Ltd., Xilin Gol League, China
| | - Youqiang Xu
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Hehe Li
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyuan Sun
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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Zhang G, Xiao P, Xu Y, Li H, Li H, Sun J, Sun B. Isolation and Characterization of Yeast with Benzenemethanethiol Synthesis Ability Isolated from Baijiu Daqu. Foods 2023; 12:2464. [PMID: 37444202 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Baijiu, a prevalent alcoholic beverage, boasts over 2000 aroma compounds, with sulfur-containing compounds being the most influential in shaping its flavor. Benzenemethanethiol, a distinctive odorant in baijiu, is known to enhance the holistic flavor profile of baijiu. Despite its importance, there is very little literature on the biotransformation mechanism of benzenemethanethiol. Thus, extensive research efforts have been made to elucidate the formation mechanism of this compound in order to improve baijiu production. In this study, 12 yeast strains capable of generating benzenemethanethiol were isolated from baijiu daqu, and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain J14 was selected for further investigation. The fermentation conditions were optimized, and it was found that the optimal conditions for producing benzenemethanethiol were at 28 °C for 24 h with a 4% (v/v) inoculum of 3.025 g/L L-cysteine. This is the first time that yeast has been shown to produce benzenemethanethiol isolated from the baijiu fermentation system. These findings also suggest that benzenemethanethiol can be metabolized by yeast using L-cysteine and benzaldehyde as precursor substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Youqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Honghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hehe Li
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jinyuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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Moreira RC, de Melo RPF, Martínez J, Marostica Junior MR, Pastore GM, Zorn H, Bicas JL. Supercritical CO 2 as a Valuable Tool for Aroma Technology. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37289784 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This review addresses the possibilities of using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) in the flavor industry in extraction and fractionation processes and its use as a reaction medium to generate aroma esters. The advantages and disadvantages are presented, comparing SC-CO2 processing with traditional methods. The most distinguishable features of SC-CO2 include mild reaction conditions, time savings, fewer toxicity concerns, higher sustainability, and the possibility of modulating solvent selectivity according to the process conditions (such as pressure and temperature). Thus, this review indicates the potential of using SC-CO2 to obtain a high selectivity of compounds that can be applied in aroma technology and related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Chelala Moreira
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Science and Nutrition. Monteiro Lobato Street, 80, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rayanne Priscilla França de Melo
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Engineering and Technology. Monteiro Lobato Street, 80, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Julian Martínez
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Engineering and Technology. Monteiro Lobato Street, 80, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Mario Roberto Marostica Junior
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Science and Nutrition. Monteiro Lobato Street, 80, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Glaucia Maria Pastore
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Science and Nutrition. Monteiro Lobato Street, 80, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Holger Zorn
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring, 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Juliano Lemos Bicas
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Science and Nutrition. Monteiro Lobato Street, 80, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Zhang L, Liu Q, Li Y, Liu S, Tu Q, Yuan C. Characterization of wine volatile compounds from different regions and varieties by HS-SPME/GC-MS coupled with chemometrics. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 6:100418. [PMID: 36588783 PMCID: PMC9801081 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.100418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
HS-SPME/GC-MS and aroma descriptive analysis were used to gain insights into the volatile and sensory details of 99 red wine samples collected from four varieties in five regions. The general volatile fingerprints of Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot wine samples in Xinjiang and Ningxia regions were similar, even though chemometric models could not discriminate between them. The main drivers of the diversity were secondary metabolites of grape such as terpenes, benzene-derivatives, and ketones. Fermentation-derivatives (esters and alcohols) were also responsible for region and variety-related differences in wines. Analysis of volatile compounds also showed that the primary factor accounting for diversity in wines in this study was region rather than variety. These results highlight the sensory attributes and volatiles of different regions and varieties, and provide a quantitative basis for screening for differential metabolites and potential markers in wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shuzhen Liu
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Qian Tu
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Chunlong Yuan
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China,Ningxia Helan Mountain's East Foothill Wine Experiment and Demonstration Station of Northwest A&F University, Yongning, Ningxia, 750104, China,Corresponding author. College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Beaulieu A, Giraud V, Magro P, Nougarede S, Maza E, Samson A, Geffroy O, Chervin C. Development of the Adapted Pivot Test method for descriptive sensory analyses with young untrained students. J SENS STUD 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/joss.12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr Beaulieu
- ENSAT, Toulouse‐INP, LRSV, GBF, CNRS, UPS Université de Toulouse Auzeville‐Tolosane France
| | - Valentin Giraud
- ENSAT, Toulouse‐INP, LRSV, GBF, CNRS, UPS Université de Toulouse Auzeville‐Tolosane France
| | - Pierre Magro
- ENSAT, Toulouse‐INP, LRSV, GBF, CNRS, UPS Université de Toulouse Auzeville‐Tolosane France
| | - Sylvain Nougarede
- ENSAT, Toulouse‐INP, LRSV, GBF, CNRS, UPS Université de Toulouse Auzeville‐Tolosane France
| | - Elie Maza
- ENSAT, Toulouse‐INP, LRSV, GBF, CNRS, UPS Université de Toulouse Auzeville‐Tolosane France
| | | | | | - Christian Chervin
- ENSAT, Toulouse‐INP, LRSV, GBF, CNRS, UPS Université de Toulouse Auzeville‐Tolosane France
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Changes in Volatile Compounds during Grape Brandy Production from ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ and ‘Syrah’ Grape Varieties. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10050988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Grape-based brandies are one of the most popular alcoholic beverages in the world. The most popular one, Cognac, comes from the Charentes region of Southwest France, and it is mostly produced from the grape variety ‘Ugni Blanc’. However, wines destined for the elaboration of wine spirits also come from different white grape varieties; ‘Colombard’, ‘Folle Blanche’, ‘Montils’, and ‘Semillon’. In this study, the possibility of using the red grape varieties ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ and ‘Syrah’ was investigated with an emphasis on the change of volatile compounds during the production process. During production, some specific volatile compounds such as 2-hexenal, 3-octanone, isopropyl myristate, ethyl palmitate, ethyl oleate, phenethyl acetate, 1-hexanol, and β-damascenone could be attributed to the primary aroma generated from the grape varieties. During the vinification and fermentation process, the development of ethyl hexanoate, ethyl octanoate, 3-methylbutanol, acetic acid, and octanoic acid occurred. Finally, 3-methylbutanol and predominant esters, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl decanoate, and ethyl laurate, were generated during the distillation and maturation process. The composition and concentration of determined predominant esters in produced brandies suggest that both brandies have volatile profiles comparable to some of the world’s most popular brandies.
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Carlin S, Piergiovanni M, Pittari E, Tiziana Lisanti M, Moio L, Piombino P, Marangon M, Curioni A, Rolle L, Rio Segade S, Versari A, Ricci A, Paola Parpinello G, Luzzini G, Ugliano M, Perenzoni D, Vrhovsek U, Mattivi F. The contribution of varietal thiols in the diverse aroma of Italian monovarietal white wines. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Quantification of Volatile Compounds in Wines by HS-SPME-GC/MS: Critical Issues and Use of Multivariate Statistics in Method Optimization. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9040662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to explore and discuss the two main aspects related to a HeadSpace Solid Phase Micro-Extraction Gas-Chromatography/Mass-Spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC/MS) quantitative analysis of volatile compounds in wines, both being fundamental to obtain reliable data. In the first section, recent advances in the use of multivariate optimization approaches during the method development step are described with a special focus on factorial designs and response surface methodologies. In the second section, critical aspects related to quantification methods are discussed. Indeed, matrix effects induced by the complexity of the volatile profile and of the non-volatile matrix of wines, potentially differing between diverse wines in a remarkable extent, often require severe assumptions if a reliable quantification is desired. Several approaches offering different levels of data reliability including internal standards, model wine calibration, a stable isotope dilution analysis, matrix-matched calibration and standard addition methods are reported in the literature and are discussed in depth here.
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