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Cao L, Liu Y, Sun L, Zhu Z, Yang D, Xia Z, Jin D, Dai Z, Rang J, Xia L. Enhanced triacylglycerol metabolism contributes to the efficient biosynthesis of spinosad in Saccharopolyspora spinosa. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2024; 9:809-819. [PMID: 39072147 PMCID: PMC11277812 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Triacylglycerol (TAG) is crucial for antibiotic biosynthesis derived from Streptomyces, as it serves as an important carbon source. In this study, the supplementation of exogenous TAG led to a 3.92-fold augmentation in spinosad production. The impact of exogenous TAG on the metabolic network of Saccharopolyspora spinosa were deeply analyzed through comparative proteomics. To optimize TAG metabolism and enhance spinosad biosynthesis, the lipase-encoding genes lip886 and lip385 were overexpressed or co-expressed. The results shown that the yield of spinosad was increased by 0.8-fold and 0.4-fold when lip886 and lip385 genes were overexpressed, respectively. Synergistic co-expression of these genes resulted in a 2.29-fold increase in the yield of spinosad. Remarkably, the combined overexpression of lip886 and lip385 in the presence of exogenous TAG elevated spinosad yields by 5.5-fold, led to a drastic increase in spinosad production from 0.036 g/L to 0.234 g/L. This study underscores the modification of intracellular concentrations of free fatty acids (FFAs), short-chain acyl-CoAs, ATP, and NADPH as mechanisms by which exogenous TAG modulates spinosad biosynthesis. Overall, the findings validate the enhancement of TAG catabolism as a beneficial strategy for optimizing spinosad production and provide foundational insights for engineering secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathways in another Streptomyces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Yangchun Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Zirong Zhu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Danlu Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Ziyuan Xia
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Duo Jin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Zirui Dai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Jie Rang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Liqiu Xia
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
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Cao L, Zhu Z, Qin H, Xia Z, Xie J, Li X, Rang J, Hu S, Sun Y, Xia L. Effects of a Pirin-like protein on strain growth and spinosad biosynthesis in Saccharopolyspora spinosa. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:5439-5451. [PMID: 37428187 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12636-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Pirin family proteins perform a variety of biological functions and widely exist in all living organisms. A few studies have shown that Pirin family proteins may be involved in the biosynthesis of antibiotics in actinomycetes. However, the function of Pirin-like proteins in S. spinosa is still unclear. In this study, the inactivation of the sspirin gene led to serious growth defects and the accumulation of H2O2. Surprisingly, the overexpression and knockout of sspirin slightly accelerated the consumption and utilization of glucose, weakened the TCA cycle, delayed sporulation, and enhanced sporulation in the later stage. In addition, the overexpression of sspirin can enhance the β-oxidation pathway and increase the yield of spinosad by 0.88 times, while the inactivation of sspirin hardly produced spinosad. After adding MnCl2, the spinosad yield of the sspirin overexpression strain was further increased to 2.5 times that of the wild-type strain. This study preliminarily revealed the effects of Pirin-like proteins on the growth development and metabolism of S. spinosa and further expanded knowledge of Pirin-like proteins in actinomycetes. KEY POINTS: • Overexpression of the sspirin gene possibly triggers carbon catabolite repression (CCR) • Overexpression of the sspirin gene can promote the synthesis of spinosad • Knockout of the sspirin gene leads to serious growth and spinosad production defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Zirong Zhu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Qin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Ziyuan Xia
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Jiao Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Rang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Shengbiao Hu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Yunjun Sun
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Liqiu Xia
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China.
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Tang J, He H, Li Y, Liu Z, Xia Z, Cao L, Zhu Z, Shuai L, Liu Y, Wan Q, Luo Y, Zhang Y, Rang J, Xia L. Comparative Proteomics Reveals the Effect of the Transcriptional Regulator Sp13016 on Butenyl-Spinosyn Biosynthesis in Saccharopolyspora pogona. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12554-12565. [PMID: 34657420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Butenyl-spinosyn is a highly effective and broad-spectrum biopesticide produced by Saccharopolyspora pogona. However, the yield of this compound is difficult to increase because the regulatory mechanism of secondary metabolism is still unknown. Here, the transcriptional regulator Sp13016 was discovered to be highly associated with butenyl-spinosyn synthesis and bacterial growth. Overexpression of sp13016 improved butenyl-spinosyn production to a level that was 2.84-fold that of the original strain, while deletion of sp13016 resulted in a significant decrease in yield and growth inhibition. Comparative proteomics revealed that these phenotypic changes were attributed to the influence of Sp13016 on the central carbon metabolism pathway to regulate the supply of precursors. Our research helps to reveal the regulatory mechanism of butenyl-spinosyn biosynthesis and provides a reference for increasing the yield of natural products of Actinomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Lushan Road 36, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Haocheng He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Lushan Road 36, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yunlong Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Lushan Road 36, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Zhudong Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Lushan Road 36, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Ziyuan Xia
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Lushan Road 36, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Li Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Lushan Road 36, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Zirong Zhu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Lushan Road 36, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Ling Shuai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Lushan Road 36, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Lushan Road 36, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Qianqian Wan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Lushan Road 36, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yuewen Luo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Lushan Road 36, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Youming Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Lushan Road 36, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Jie Rang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Lushan Road 36, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Liqiu Xia
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Lushan Road 36, Changsha 410081, China
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Tang J, Zhu Z, He H, Liu Z, Xia Z, Chen J, Hu J, Cao L, Rang J, Shuai L, Liu Y, Sun Y, Ding X, Hu S, Xia L. Bacterioferritin: a key iron storage modulator that affects strain growth and butenyl-spinosyn biosynthesis in Saccharopolyspora pogona. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:157. [PMID: 34391414 PMCID: PMC8364703 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Butenyl-spinosyn, produced by Saccharopolyspora pogona, is a promising biopesticide due to excellent insecticidal activity and broad pesticidal spectrum. Bacterioferritin (Bfr, encoded by bfr) regulates the storage and utilization of iron, which is essential for the growth and metabolism of microorganisms. However, the effect of Bfr on the growth and butenyl-spinosyn biosynthesis in S. pogona has not been explored. Results Here, we found that the storage of intracellular iron influenced butenyl-spinosyn biosynthesis and the stress resistance of S. pogona, which was regulated by Bfr. The overexpression of bfr increased the production of butenyl-spinosyn by 3.14-fold and enhanced the tolerance of S. pogona to iron toxicity and oxidative damage, while the knockout of bfr had the opposite effects. Based on the quantitative proteomics analysis and experimental verification, the inner mechanism of these phenomena was explored. Overexpression of bfr enhanced the iron storage capacity of the strain, which activated polyketide synthase genes and enhanced the supply of acyl-CoA precursors to improve butenyl-spinosyn biosynthesis. In addition, it induced the oxidative stress response to improve the stress resistance of S. pogona. Conclusion Our work reveals the role of Bfr in increasing the yield of butenyl-spinosyn and enhancing the stress resistance of S. pogona, and provides insights into its enhancement on secondary metabolism, which provides a reference for optimizing the production of secondary metabolites in actinomycetes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-021-01651-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Zirong Zhu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Haocheng He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Zhudong Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Ziyuan Xia
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jianming Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jinjuan Hu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Li Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jie Rang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Ling Shuai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yunjun Sun
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xuezhi Ding
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Shengbiao Hu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Liqiu Xia
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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Comparative transcriptomic analysis of two Saccharopolyspora spinosa strains reveals the relationships between primary metabolism and spinosad production. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14779. [PMID: 34285307 PMCID: PMC8292330 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94251-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharopolyspora spinosa is a well-known actinomycete for producing the secondary metabolites, spinosad, which is a potent insecticides possessing both efficiency and safety. In the previous researches, great efforts, including physical mutagenesis, fermentation optimization, genetic manipulation and other methods, have been employed to increase the yield of spinosad to hundreds of folds from the low-yield strain. However, the metabolic network in S. spinosa still remained un-revealed. In this study, two S. spinosa strains with different spinosad production capability were fermented and sampled at three fermentation periods. Then the total RNA of these samples was isolated and sequenced to construct the transcriptome libraries. Through transcriptomic analysis, large numbers of differentially expressed genes were identified and classified according to their different functions. According to the results, spnI and spnP were suggested as the bottleneck during spinosad biosynthesis. Primary metabolic pathways such as carbon metabolic pathways exhibited close relationship with spinosad formation, as pyruvate and phosphoenolpyruvic acid were suggested to accumulate in spinosad high-yield strain during fermentation. The addition of soybean oil in the fermentation medium activated the lipid metabolism pathway, enhancing spinosad production. Glutamic acid and aspartic acid were suggested to be the most important amino acids and might participate in spinosad biosynthesis.
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