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Pei H, He W, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Yang L, Li J, Ma Y, Li R, Li S, Li Q, Li J, Hu K, Teng H, Hu X, Zou L, Liu S, Yang Y. Insight into a natural novel histidine decarboxylase gene deletion in Enterobacter hormaechei RH3 from traditional Sichuan-style sausage. J Food Sci 2024; 89:566-580. [PMID: 38126118 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Histamine (HIS) is primarily formed from decarboxylated histidine by certain bacteria with histidine decarboxylase (hdc) activity and is the most toxic biogenic amine. Hdc, which is encoded by the hdc gene, serves as a key enzyme that controls HIS production in bacteria. In this paper, we characterized the changes in microbial and biogenic amines content of traditional Sichuan-style sausage before and after storage and demonstrated that Enterobacteriaceae play an important role in the formation of HIS. To screen for Enterobacteriaceae with high levels of HIS production, we isolated strain RH3 which has a HIS production of 2.27 mg/mL from sausages stored at 37°C for 180 days, using selective media and high-performance liquid chromatography. The strain RH3 can produce a high level of HIS after 28 h of fermentation with a significant hysteresis. Analysis of the physicochemical factors revealed that RH3 still retained its ability to partially produce HIS in extreme environments with pH 3.5 and 10.0. In addition, RH3 exhibited excellent salt tolerance (6.0% NaCl and 1.0% NaNO2 ). Subsequently, RH3 was confirmed as Enterobacter hormaechei with hdc gene deletion by PCR, western blot, and whole-genome sequencing analysis. Furthermore, RH3 exhibited pathogenicity rate of 75.60% toward the organism, indicating that it was not a food-grade safe strain, and demonstrated a high level of conservation in intraspecific evolution. The results of this experiment provide a new reference for studying the mechanism of HIS formation in microorganisms. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study provides a new direction for investigating the mechanism of histamine (HIS) formation by microorganisms and provides new insights for further controlling HIS levels in meat products. Further research can control the key enzymes that form HIS to control HIS levels in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Pei
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Wei He
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Yilun Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Lamei Yang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Jinhai Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Yixuan Ma
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Ran Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Shuhong Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Qin Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Jianlong Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Kaidi Hu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Hui Teng
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Xinjie Hu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Likou Zou
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Shuliang Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Yong Yang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
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Identification of Proteins Responsible for High Activity of Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitor in the Blood of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. FISHES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes7040161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine proteinase inhibitors (CPIs) protect tissues and organs against cysteine proteinases in animal blood and have attracted much attention for use in food processing and medical sciences for humans and animals. Several CPI proteins, which include stefins, cystatins, kininogens, histidine-rich glycoproteins (HRG) and fetuins, have been identified and characterized in mammals. Fish blood also contains high CPI activity, but the identity of the major protein responsible for this activity has not been clarified. This study was conducted to screen CPI activity by examining papain inhibitory activity from various different tissues in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and to identify major proteins for the activity in the blood. CPI activity was highest in the serum among the tissues screened in this study (at least fourfold higher than in other tissues)(P < 0.05). Major proteins for CPI activity in serum were purified using a CNBr-activated sepharose 4B column, gel filtration and an ion exchange FPLC column. From these purifications, two proteins with strong CPI activity were isolated and partially sequenced. Based on their molecular weights and partial amino sequences, the two major proteins with CPI activity from the blood in this species were found to be fetuin B (60 kDa) and kininogen (54 kDa).
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