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Li F, Zeng K, Ming J. Lowering glycemic levels via gastrointestinal tract factors: the roles of dietary fiber, polyphenols, and their combination. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-37. [PMID: 37966135 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2278169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fiber (DF) and polyphenols (DP) are typical blood sugar-lowering components, and both play distinct yet interconnected roles in exerting their blood sugar-lowering effects. We comprehensively summarized the single and combined effects of DF and DP on blood glucose homeostasis through regulating the relevant factors in the upper gastrointestinal tract (UGT) and lower gastrointestinal tract (LGT). In the UGT, DF slowed down glucose metabolism by enhancing digesta viscosity and hindering enzyme-substrate interaction. DP primarily targeted enzymes and substrates. When combined, DP enhanced the adsorption capacity of DF for glucose. DF weakened DP's inhibitory effect on enzymes. Both DF and DP disrupted glucose intestinal uptake via physical or genomic modulation, but the co-consumption of DF and DP demonstrated a lower inhibitory effect on glucose uptake than DP alone. In the LGT, DF and DP showed synergistic or antagonistic effects on gut microbiota. Remarkably, whole foods exhibited potent prebiotic effects due to their compound-rich matrix, potentially enhancing glucose homeostasis and expanding dietary options for glucose regulation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhua Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Research Group Food Chem and Human Nutrition, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaifang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Ming
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Kim WH, Choi WJ, Kim JE, Choi J, Hong YD, Nam J, Park WS, Shim SM. Kinetic conversion of BIOGF1K enriched in compound K from in vitro 3-D human tissue model. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2023; 5:100165. [PMID: 37869704 PMCID: PMC10589745 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2023.100165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The purposes of current study were to investigate the effect of ginsenosides from BIOGF1K enriched in compound K (CK) and compound Y (CY) on the skin barrier function, the deposition in in vitro 3-D human tissue model (EpiDermFT™ Full Thickness 400), and to identify and quantify kinetic bioconversion of the ginsenosides in artificial skin by utilizing the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), respectively. Epidermal barrier integrity evaluated using transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was significantly higher in the BIOGF1K treatment than the CY or CK individual treatment throughout incubation (p < 0.05). Skin deposition (%) of CY and CK from BIOGF1K treatment was approximately 4 and 2 times higher than the CY and CK single component treatment, respectively. Total amount of CK found in human skin by deposition and bioconversion was approximately 1087.3, 528.82, and 867.76 μM after topical treatment of BIOGF1K, CK, and CY. Results from the current study reveal that topical treatment of BIOGF1K more effectively induced CK deposition as well as bioconversion of CY to CK than that of a single treatment of CY or CK, suggesting that BIOGF1K could be a useful cosmetic preparation for enhancing skin function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Hyun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Won-Jo Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Joonho Choi
- AMOREPACIFIC Research and Innovation Center, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, 17074, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Yong-Deok Hong
- AMOREPACIFIC Research and Innovation Center, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, 17074, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jin Nam
- AMOREPACIFIC Research and Innovation Center, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, 17074, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Won-Seok Park
- AMOREPACIFIC Research and Innovation Center, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, 17074, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Soon-Mi Shim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
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Effects of dynamic extraction conditions on the chemical composition and sensory quality traits of green tea. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Yao J, Liu H, Ma C, Pu L, Yang W, Lei Z. A Review on the Extraction, Bioactivity, and Application of Tea Polysaccharides. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154679. [PMID: 35897856 PMCID: PMC9329993 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea is a non-alcoholic drink containing various active ingredients, including tea polysaccharides (TPSs). TPSs have various biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, and anti-cancer activities. However, TPSs have a complex composition, which significantly limits the extraction and isolation methods, thus limiting their application. This paper provides insight into the composition, methodological techniques for isolation and extraction of the components, biological activities, and functions of TPSs, as well as their application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhiwei Lei
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-851-83761972
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Ndegwa FK, Kondam C, Aboagye SY, Esan TE, Waxali ZS, Miller ME, Gikonyo NK, Mbugua PK, Okemo PO, Williams DL, Hagen TJ. Traditional Kenyan herbal medicine: exploring natural products' therapeutics against schistosomiasis. J Helminthol 2022; 96:e16. [PMID: 35238288 PMCID: PMC10030042 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x22000074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Praziquantel (PZQ) remains the only drug of choice for the treatment of schistosomiasis, caused by parasitic flatworms. The widespread use of PZQ in schistosomiasis endemic areas for about four decades raises concerns about the emergence of resistance of Schistosoma spp. to PZQ under drug selection pressure. This reinforces the urgency in finding alternative therapeutic options that could replace or complement PZQ. We explored the potential of medicinal plants commonly used by indigenes in Kenya for the treatment of various ailments including malaria, pneumonia, and diarrhoea for their antischistosomal properties. Employing the Soxhlet extraction method with different solvents, seven medicinal plants Artemisia annua, Ajuga remota, Bredilia micranta, Cordia africana, Physalis peruviana, Prunus africana and Senna didymobotrya were extracted. Qualitative phytochemical screening was performed to determine the presence of various phytochemicals in the plant extracts. Extracts were tested against Schistosoma mansoni newly transformed schistosomula (NTS) and adult worms and the schistosomicidal activity was determined by using the adenosine triphosphate quantitation assay. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts showed different classes of compounds such as alkaloids, tannins, terpenes, etc., in plant extracts active against S. mansoni worms. Seven extracts out of 22 resulted in <20% viability against NTS in 24 h at 100 μg/ml. Five of the extracts with inhibitory activity against NTS showed >69.7% and ≥72.4% reduction in viability against adult worms after exposure for 24 and 48 h, respectively. This study provides encouraging preliminary evidence that extracts of Kenyan medicinal plants deserve further study as potential alternative therapeutics that may form the basis for the development of the new treatments for schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidensio K. Ndegwa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical & Industrial Pharmacy, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Chaitanya Kondam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Samuel Y. Aboagye
- Department of Microbial Pathogens & Immunity, Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL, USA
| | - Taiwo E. Esan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Zohra Sattar Waxali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Margaret E. Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Nicholas K. Gikonyo
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical & Industrial Pharmacy, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Paul K. Mbugua
- Department of Plant Sciences, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Paul O. Okemo
- Department of Microbiology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - David L. Williams
- Department of Microbial Pathogens & Immunity, Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL, USA
| | - Timothy J. Hagen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
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