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Chen Y, Li D, Xu Y, Lu Z, Luo Z. 5-Azacytidine accelerates mandarin fruit post-ripening and enhances lignin-based pathogen defense through remarkable gene expression activation. Food Chem 2024; 458:140261. [PMID: 38964094 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
5-Azacytidine (AZ) is a DNA methylation inhibitor that has recently demonstrated potential in regulating fruit quality through exogenous application. In this study, we treated mandarin fruits for 4-day storage. Noteworthy were the induced degreening and the enhanced citrus aroma of fruits under AZ treatment, involving the promotion of chlorophyll degradation, carotenoid biosynthesis, and limonene biosynthesis. Key genes associated with these processes exhibited expression level increases of up to 123.8 times. Additionally, AZ treatment activated defense-related enzymes and altered phenylpropanoid carbon allocation towards lignin biosynthesis instead of flavonoid biosynthesis. The expression levels of lignin biosynthesis-related genes increased by nearly 100 times, leading to fortified lignin that is crucial for citrus defense against Penicillium italicum. Currently, the underlying mechanisms of such intense AZ-induced changes in gene expressions remain unclear and further research could help establish AZ treatment as a viable strategy for citrus preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpei Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqun Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China; Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanjun Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zisheng Luo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China; Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, People's Republic of China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Processing, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Sun J, Fan Z, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Lin M, Wang H, Lin Y, Chen Y, Lin H. The effect of ε-poly-l-lysine treatment on molecular, physiological and biochemical indicators related to resistance in longan fruit infected by Phomopsis longanae Chi. Food Chem 2023; 416:135784. [PMID: 36889017 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Postharvest longan fruits are subjected to Phomopsis longanae Chi (P. longanae) infection that lead to fruit quality deterioration. We hypothesized that ε-poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) could enhance fruit disease resistance in longans. Through physiological and transcriptomic analyses, the results showed that, compared to P. longanae-infected longan fruit, ε-PL + P. longanae treatment reduced the disease development of longan fruits. Additionally, ε-PL + P. longanae treatment increased the contents of disease-resistant substances (lignin and H2O2) and the activities of disease-resistance enzymes (CHI, PAL, PPO, C4H, CAD, GLU, 4CL, and POD). Furthermore, the expressions of genes relevant to the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway and plant-pathogen interaction pathway (Rboh, FLS2, WRKY29, FRK1, and PR1) were up-regulated by ε-PL + P. longanae treatment. These findings demonstrated that ε-PL treatment inhibited the disease development of postharvest longan fruits were associated with the increased accumulation of disease-resistant related substances, as well as the raised activities and genes expressions of disease-resistance related enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzheng Sun
- Institute of Postharvest Technology of Agricultural Products, College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Postharvest Biology of Subtropical Special Agricultural Products, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Institute of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China
| | - Zhongqi Fan
- Institute of Postharvest Technology of Agricultural Products, College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Postharvest Biology of Subtropical Special Agricultural Products, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yazhen Chen
- Institute of Postharvest Technology of Agricultural Products, College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Postharvest Biology of Subtropical Special Agricultural Products, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yuji Jiang
- Institute of Postharvest Technology of Agricultural Products, College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Postharvest Biology of Subtropical Special Agricultural Products, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Mengshi Lin
- Food Science Program, Division of Food, Nutrition & Exercise Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Postharvest Technology of Agricultural Products, College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Postharvest Biology of Subtropical Special Agricultural Products, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yifen Lin
- Institute of Postharvest Technology of Agricultural Products, College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Postharvest Biology of Subtropical Special Agricultural Products, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yihui Chen
- Institute of Postharvest Technology of Agricultural Products, College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Postharvest Biology of Subtropical Special Agricultural Products, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Hetong Lin
- Institute of Postharvest Technology of Agricultural Products, College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Postharvest Biology of Subtropical Special Agricultural Products, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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Xie L, Yang Q, Wu Y, Xiao J, Qu H, Jiang Y, Li T. Fumonisin B1 Biosynthesis Is Associated with Oxidative Stress and Plays an Important Role in Fusarium proliferatum Infection on Banana Fruit. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5372-5381. [PMID: 36947157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fungal response to oxidative stress during infection on postharvest fruit is largely unknown. Here, we found that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment inhibited the growth of Fusarium proliferatum causing crown rot of banana fruit, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation. H2O2 exposure increased endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) production in F. proliferatum, possibly by modulating FUM or ROS-related gene expression. Importantly, H2O2 treatment inhibited F. proliferatum growth in vivo but induced FB1 accumulation in banana peel. Finally, we constructed the FpFUM21 deletion mutant (ΔFpfum21) of F. proliferatum that was attenuated in FB1 biosynthesis and less tolerant to oxidative stress. Moreover, the ΔFpfum21 strain was less virulent compared to the wild type (WT) due to the inability to induce FB1 production in the banana host. These results suggested that FB1 biosynthesis is associated with oxidative stress in F. proliferatum and contributes to fungal infection on banana fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Qiuxiao Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yanfei Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense 32004, Spain
| | - Hongxia Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Taotao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
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