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Zheng Y, Song Y, Feng J, Wen D, Chang M, Song M, Cao H, Ling M, Yu Y, Tao Y, Li W, Wang X. Triple-target small molecule for PRRSV and ASFV infections. Bioorg Chem 2025; 163:108637. [PMID: 40449151 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2025.108637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2025] [Revised: 05/22/2025] [Accepted: 05/26/2025] [Indexed: 06/02/2025]
Abstract
Pigs are vital sources of food and biological products. However, viruses such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and African swine fever virus (ASFV) pose significant threats to the global swine industry, resulting in substantial financial losses. Currently, there are no available drugs or effective vaccines to combat these viruses. This study presents a small molecule, denoted as C14, which demonstrates promising potential to target porcine CD163, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of PRRSV, and S273R of ASFV, and exhibits activity against both PRRSV (half maximal effective concentration [EC50] = 0.34 μM) and ASFV (EC50 < 0.1 μM). By employing the strategy of similar topological structure binding properties of protein targets (STSBPT), interactions between C14 and targets were further analysed. The results indicate that the 5-Å regions of C14 within the active pockets of these macromolecular targets exhibit highly similar structural features, which may facilitate the development of antiviral drugs. Chemical synthesis, docking simulations, and antiviral activity assays were further conducted, and it was found that the structure of C14 is devoid of redundant elements, making it a prime candidate as core scaffold for subsequent structural optimization. This study provides a valuable reference for the development of multi-target antiviral drugs against PRRSV and ASFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youle Zheng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanbin Song
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jin Feng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Defeng Wen
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Mengyu Chang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mengping Song
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Hua Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Min Ling
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yixin Yu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yanfei Tao
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Wentao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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Zheng Y, Ling M, Feng J, Yu Y, Song M, Tao Y, Zhang A, Wang X. Inhibition of PRRSV replication by fangchinoline and cepharanthine from medicinal herbs through targeting of the CD163 protein. Vet Microbiol 2025; 306:110536. [PMID: 40349495 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2025] [Revised: 04/20/2025] [Accepted: 04/24/2025] [Indexed: 05/14/2025]
Abstract
Pigs are significant sources of food and bioproducts. However, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) poses a substantial threat to the global swine industry, leading to considerable economic losses. Efforts are still ongoing to explore effective vaccines or therapeutics to combat this pathogen. Plants stand as one of the richest sources of pharmacologically active natural products, continually furnishing promising antiviral components. This study utilizes computational screening and integrated in vitro and in vivo approaches to identify herbal compounds with anti-PRRSV activity. The binding affinity of these compounds for the CD163 protein is further confirmed through computer-aided drug design and cellular thermal shift assay. Porcine infection and therapeutic interventions studies are performed to comprehensively assess the anti-PRRSV efficacy of herbal formulations. The compounds fangchinoline (EC50 = 2.03 µM) and cepharanthine (EC50 = 1.27 µM) exhibit potent inhibition of PRRSV replication and uniquely target CD163. Furthermore, herbal formulations containing cepharanthine effectively inhibit PRRSV replication in vivo and alleviated symptoms significantly. Targeting CD163 with compounds like fangchinoline and cepharanthine presents a promising strategy for developing anti-PRRSV therapeutics. These findings offer valuable insights for the development of in vivo treatments and highlight the potential of Stephania-derived ingredients in combating PRRSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youle Zheng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Min Ling
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jin Feng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yixin Yu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Mengping Song
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yanfei Tao
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Anding Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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