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Shapiro AJ, O'Dea RM, Li SC, Ajah JC, Bass GF, Epps TH. Engineering Innovations, Challenges, and Opportunities for Lignocellulosic Biorefineries: Leveraging Biobased Polymer Production. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2023; 14:109-140. [PMID: 37040783 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-101121-084152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Alternative polymer feedstocks are highly desirable to address environmental, social, and security concerns associated with petrochemical-based materials. Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) has emerged as one critical feedstock in this regard because it is an abundant and ubiquitous renewable resource. LCB can be deconstructed to generate valuable fuels, chemicals, and small molecules/oligomers that are amenable to modification and polymerization. However, the diversity of LCB complicates the evaluation of biorefinery concepts in areas including process scale-up, production outputs, plant economics, and life-cycle management. We discuss aspects of current LCB biorefinery research with a focus on the major process stages, including feedstock selection, fractionation/deconstruction, and characterization, along with product purification, functionalization, and polymerization to manufacture valuable macromolecular materials. We highlight opportunities to valorize underutilized and complex feedstocks, leverage advanced characterization techniques to predict and manage biorefinery outputs, and increase the fraction of biomass converted into valuable products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison J Shapiro
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Robert M O'Dea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Sonia C Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Jamael C Ajah
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Garrett F Bass
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Thomas H Epps
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Center for Research in Soft Matter and Polymers (CRiSP), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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2
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Awasthi MK, Sar T, Gowd SC, Rajendran K, Kumar V, Sarsaiya S, Li Y, Sindhu R, Binod P, Zhang Z, Pandey A, Taherzadeh MJ. A comprehensive review on thermochemical, and biochemical conversion methods of lignocellulosic biomass into valuable end product. FUEL 2023; 342:127790. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2023.127790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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3
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Constantinescu-Aruxandei D, Oancea F. Closing the Nutrient Loop-The New Approaches to Recovering Biomass Minerals during the Biorefinery Processes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2096. [PMID: 36767462 PMCID: PMC9915181 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The recovery of plant mineral nutrients from the bio-based value chains is essential for a sustainable, circular bioeconomy, wherein resources are (re)used sustainably. The widest used approach is to recover plant nutrients on the last stage of biomass utilization processes-e.g., from ash, wastewater, or anaerobic digestate. The best approach is to recover mineral nutrients from the initial stages of biomass biorefinery, especially during biomass pre-treatments. Our paper aims to evaluate the nutrient recovery solutions from a trans-sectorial perspective, including biomass processing and the agricultural use of recovered nutrients. Several solutions integrated with the biomass pre-treatment stage, such as leaching/bioleaching, recovery from pre-treatment neoteric solvents, ionic liquids (ILs), and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) or integrated with hydrothermal treatments are discussed. Reducing mineral contents on silicon, phosphorus, and nitrogen biomass before the core biorefinery processes improves processability and yield and reduces corrosion and fouling effects. The recovered minerals are used as bio-based fertilizers or as silica-based plant biostimulants, with economic and environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florin Oancea
- Department of Bioresources, Bioproducts Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
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4
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Ovejero-Pérez A, Rigual V, Domínguez JC, Alonso MV, Oliet M, Rodriguez F. Effect of autohydrolysis and ionosolv treatments on eucalyptus fractionation and recovered lignin properties †. RSC Adv 2023; 13:10338-10348. [PMID: 37020891 PMCID: PMC10068429 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08013c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Wood fractionation is key for the integral valorization of its three main components. In this sense, recovering the hemicellulosic fraction after the ionosolv treatment of lignocellulosic materials is one of the main drawbacks of this process. Thus, the incorporation of a previous autohydrolyisis step to recover the hemicellulosic sugars before the ionosolv treatment is an interesting approach. The influence of both treatments, autohydrolysis and ionosolv, on the biomass fractions recovery yields was studied by a central composite design of experiments, varying the autohydrolysis temperature in a 175–195 °C range and ionosolv time between 1–5 h. Lignin recovery and cellulose purity were maximized at 184 °C and 3.5 h of autohydrolysis temperature and ionosolv time, respectively. In addition, lignin properties were incorporated to the statistical model, revealing lignin recondensation at severe conditions and a higher influence of the ionosolv treatment on lignin characteristics. These results remarked the importance of studying the effect of both treatments in the whole fractionation process and not each process separately and enhanced the understanding of the treatments combination in a complete fractionation biorefinery approach. This work enhances the understanding of the effect of autohydrolysis and ionosolv treatments combination on fractionation yields and lignin properties.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ovejero-Pérez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid28040 MadridSpain
| | - Victoria Rigual
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid28040 MadridSpain
| | - Juan C. Domínguez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid28040 MadridSpain
| | - M. Virginia Alonso
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid28040 MadridSpain
| | - Mercedes Oliet
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid28040 MadridSpain
| | - Francisco Rodriguez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid28040 MadridSpain
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5
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Zhou M, Tian X. Development of different pretreatments and related technologies for efficient biomass conversion of lignocellulose. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 202:256-268. [PMID: 35032493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Lignocellulose, a kind of biological resource widely existing in nature, which can be transformed into value-added biochemical products through saccharification, fermentation or chemical catalysis. Pretreatments are the necessary step to increase the accessibility and digestibility of lignocellulose. This paper comprehensively reviewed different pretreatment progress of lignocellulose in recent year, including mechanical/thermal, biological, inorganic solvent, organic solvent and unconventional physical-chemical pretreatments, focusing on quantifying the influence of pretreatments on subsequent biomass conversion. In addition, related pretreatment techniques such as genetic engineering, reactor configurations, downstream process and visualization technology of pretreatment were discussed. Finally, this review presented the challenge of lignocellulose pretreatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingjun Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Hasanov I, Shanmugam S, Kikas T. Extraction and isolation of lignin from ash tree (Fraxinus exselsior) with protic ionic liquids (PILs). CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133297. [PMID: 34921853 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Protic ionic liquids (PILs) have been considered effective solvents for the selective separation and recovery of cellulose from lignocellulosic biomass. However, PILs can also be utilized for the extraction and conversion of lignin into fuels and value-added products. The objective of this work was to study the extraction of lignin from ash tree (Fraxinus exselsior) hardwood biomass using three different PILs-pyridinium acetate, pyridinium formate [Py][For], and pyrrolidinium acetate. Fiber analysis was used to determine the biochemical composition of the left-over biomass after lignin separation. FTIR and NMR were applied to determine the structure of dissolved lignin. Additionally, the regeneration potential and recyclability of PILs were assessed. Our results demonstrate that treatment with [Py][For] at 75 °C yields the highest percentage of lignin dissolution from biomass. This indicates that PILs could be used for Kraft lignin dissolution as well as separation of lignin from raw, milled biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isa Hasanov
- Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Technology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56, 51014, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Sabarathinam Shanmugam
- Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Technology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56, 51014, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Timo Kikas
- Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Technology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
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7
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Measurement of evaporation entropy, evaporation enthalpy, and Gibbs free energy for the [C4Dmim]Gly and [C4Dmim]Ala. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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8
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Shoja SMR, Abdouss M, Beigi AAM. Synthesis and characterization of physicochemical properties of imidazolium-based ionic liquids and their application for simultaneous determination of sulfur compounds. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.129917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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9
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Faghihi E, Mokhtarani B, Mortaheb HR, Heydar KT, Mirzaei M, Sharifi A. Vapor Liquid Equilibria for Ionic Liquid/Ethanol/Water Systems and the Effect of Anion Hydrolysis. Chem Eng Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202000114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erfaneh Faghihi
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran P.O. Box 14335-186 Tehran Iran
| | - Babak Mokhtarani
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran P.O. Box 14335-186 Tehran Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mortaheb
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran P.O. Box 14335-186 Tehran Iran
| | - Kourosh Tabar Heydar
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran P.O. Box 14335-186 Tehran Iran
| | - Mojtaba Mirzaei
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran P.O. Box 14335-186 Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Sharifi
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran P.O. Box 14335-186 Tehran Iran
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10
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Dias RM, Petrin LCG, H. B. Sosa F, da Costa Lopes AM, Coutinho JAP, da Costa MC. Investigation of Kraft Lignin Solubility in Protic Ionic Liquids and Their Aqueous Solutions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael M. Dias
- Department of Process and Product Design (DDPP) - School of Chemical Engineering (FEQ), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Albert Einstein, 500, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-852, Brazil
| | - Lívia C. G. Petrin
- Department of Process and Product Design (DDPP) - School of Chemical Engineering (FEQ), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Albert Einstein, 500, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-852, Brazil
| | - Filipe H. B. Sosa
- Department of Process and Product Design (DDPP) - School of Chemical Engineering (FEQ), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Albert Einstein, 500, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-852, Brazil
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - André M. da Costa Lopes
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João A. P. Coutinho
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mariana C. da Costa
- Department of Process and Product Design (DDPP) - School of Chemical Engineering (FEQ), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Albert Einstein, 500, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-852, Brazil
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11
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Performance of 1-(3-Sulfopropyl)-3-Methylimidazolium Hydrogen Sulfate as a Catalyst for Hardwood Upgrading into Bio-Based Platform Chemicals. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10080937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The acidic ionic liquid 1-(3-sulfopropyl)-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([C3SO3Hmim]HSO4) was employed as a catalyst for manufacturing polysaccharide-derived products (soluble hemicellulose-derived saccharides, furans, and/or organic acids) from Eucalyptus globulus wood. Operation was performed in aqueous media supplemented with [C3SO3Hmim]HSO4 and methyl isobutyl ketone, following two different processing schemes: one-pot reaction or the solubilization of hemicelluloses by hydrothermal processing followed by the separate manufacture of the target compounds from both hemicellulose-derived saccharides and cellulose. Depending on the operational conditions, the one-pot reaction could be directed to the formation of furfural (at molar conversions up to 92.6%), levulinic acid (at molar conversions up to 45.8%), or mixtures of furfural and levulinic acid (at molar conversions up to 81.3% and 44.8%, respectively). In comparison, after hydrothermal processing, the liquid phase (containing hemicellulose-derived saccharides) yielded furfural at molar conversions near 78%, whereas levulinic acid was produced from the cellulose-enriched, solid phase at molar conversions up to 49.5%.
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12
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Manufacture of Platform Chemicals from Pine Wood Polysaccharides in Media Containing Acidic Ionic Liquids. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12061215. [PMID: 32471027 PMCID: PMC7362180 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pinus pinaster wood samples were subjected to chemical processing for manufacturing furans and organic acids from the polysaccharide fractions (cellulose and hemicellulose). The operation was performed in a single reaction stage at 180 or 190 °C, using a microwave reactor. The reaction media contained wood, water, methyl isobutyl ketone, and an acidic ionic liquid, which acted as a catalyst. In media catalyzed with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, up to 60.5% pentosan conversion into furfural was achieved, but the conversions of cellulose and (galacto) glucomannan in levulinic acid were low. Improved results were achieved when AILs bearing a sulfonated alkyl chain were employed as catalysts. In media containing 1-(3-sulfopropyl)-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate as a catalyst, near quantitative conversion of pentosans into furfural was achieved at a short reaction time (7.5 min), together with 32.8% conversion of hexosans into levulinic acid. Longer reaction times improved the production of organic acids, but resulted in some furfural consumption. A similar reaction pattern was observed in experiments using 1-(3-sulfobutyl)-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate as a catalyst.
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13
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Recent developments in modification of lignin using ionic liquids for the fabrication of advanced materials–A review. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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Penín L, Lange H, Santos V, Crestini C, Parajó JC. Characterization of Eucalyptus nitens Lignins Obtained by Biorefinery Methods Based on Ionic Liquids. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020425. [PMID: 31968654 PMCID: PMC7024354 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of hydrothermal processing for hemicellulose solubilization and delignification with an ionic liquid, i.e., either 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate or triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate. Delignification experiments were carried out a 170 °C for 10–50 min. The solid phases from treatments, i.e., cellulose-enriched solids, were recovered by centrifugation, and lignin was separated from the ionic liquid by water precipitation. The best delignification conditions were identified on the basis of the results determined for delignification percentage, lignin recovery yield, and cellulose recovery in solid phase. The lignins obtained under selected conditions were characterized in deep by 31P-NMR, 13C-NMR, HSQC, and gel permeation chromatography. The major structural features of the lignins were discussed in comparison with the results determined for a model Ionosolv lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Penín
- Chemical Engineering Department, Polytechnical Building, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (L.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Heiko Lange
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Via Domenico Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Valentín Santos
- Chemical Engineering Department, Polytechnical Building, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (L.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Claudia Crestini
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University of Venice ‘Ca’Foscari’, Via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (J.C.P.); Tel.: +349-88-387-033 (J.C.P.)
| | - Juan Carlos Parajó
- Chemical Engineering Department, Polytechnical Building, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (L.P.); (V.S.)
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (J.C.P.); Tel.: +349-88-387-033 (J.C.P.)
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai V. Ignat'ev
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB); Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB); Consultant, Merck KGaA; 64293 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Maik Finze
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB); Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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16
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Feasibility of ionic liquid as extractant for bio-butanol extraction: Experiment and simulation. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Wang S, Li F, Wu D, Zhang P, Wang H, Tao X, Ye J, Nabi M. Enzyme Pretreatment Enhancing Biogas Yield from Corn Stover: Feasibility, Optimization, and Mechanism Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:10026-10032. [PMID: 30189728 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, feasibility, optimization, and mechanisms of enzyme pretreatment to enhance anaerobic digestion of corn stover were investigated. Results showed that the enzyme pretreatment efficiently enhanced the biogas yield, and the optimal conditions of enzyme pretreatment were an enzyme load of 30 FPU/g, a pretreatment time of 24 h, and a solid content of 60 g/L. Under the optimal conditions, the cumulative biogas yield increased by 36.9%, which was mainly attributed to disruption of surface structure and degradation of noncrystalline cellulose in the enzyme-pretreated corn stover. The kinetic analysis indicated that enzyme pretreatment significantly enhanced the hydrolysis rate and biogas production rate to 0.15/d and 23.89 mL/gVS, and shortened the lag phase time to 1.2 d. Correlation analysis illustrated that the SCOD yield of 250-350 mg/g from corn stover after enzyme pretreatment was suitable for the further anaerobic digestion of corn stover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Wang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083 , China
- Xiong'an Institute of Eco-Environment , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , China
| | - Fan Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Dan Wu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Panyue Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Xiong'an Institute of Eco-Environment , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , China
| | - Xue Tao
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Junpei Ye
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Mohammad Nabi
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083 , China
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18
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Abstract
Chemocatalytic transformation of lignocellulosic biomass to value-added chemicals has attracted global interest in order to build up sustainable societies. Cellulose, the first most abundant constituent of lignocellulosic biomass, has received extensive attention for its comprehensive utilization of resource, such as its catalytic conversion into high value-added chemicals and fuels (e.g., HMF, DMF, and isosorbide). However, the low reactivity of cellulose has prevented its use in chemical industry due to stable chemical structure and poor solubility in common solvents over the cellulose. Recently, homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysis for the conversion of cellulose has been expected to overcome this issue, because various types of pretreatment and homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts can be designed and applied in a wide range of reaction conditions. In this review, we show the present situation and perspective of homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysis for the direct conversion of cellulose into useful platform chemicals.
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Dong Y, Takeshita T, Miyafuji H, Nokami T, Itoh T. Direct Extraction of Polysaccharides from Moso Bamboo (Phylostachys heterocycla) Chips Using a Mixed Solvent System of an Amino Acid Ionic Liquid with Polar Aprotic Solvent. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Dong
- Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Centria University of Applied Sciences, Talonpojankatu 2, FI-67100, Kokkola, Finland
| | - Tokio Takeshita
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Hisashi Miyafuji
- Division of Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Toshiki Nokami
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Itoh
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
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Sengupta A, Zabala A, Tan SY, Broadstock A, Suryanarayanan TS, Gopalan V. Characterization of an ionic liquid-tolerant β-xylosidase from a marine-derived fungal endophyte. Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 95:585-591. [DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2017-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are used in lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) pretreatment because of their ability to disrupt the extensive hydrogen-bonding network in cellulose and hemicellulose, and thereby decrease LCB recalcitrance to subsequent enzymatic degradation. However, this approach necessitates the development of cellulases and hemicellulases that can tolerate ∼20% (w/v) IL, an amount that either co-precipitates with the sugar polymers after the initial pretreatment or is typically used in single-pot biomass deconstructions. By investigating the secretomes from 4 marine-derived fungal endophytes, we identified a β-xylosidase derived from Trichoderma harzianum as the most promising in terms of tolerating 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium-dimethyl phosphate (EMIM-DMP), an IL. When tested with p-nitrophenyl-β-d-xyloside, this extracellular xylosidase retained ∼50% activity even in 1.2 mol·L–1 (20% w/v) EMIM-DMP after incubation for 48 h. When tested on the natural substrate xylobiose, there was ∼85% of the initial activity in 1.2 mol·L–1 EMIM-DMP after incubation for 9 h and ∼80% after incubation for 48 h. Despite previous findings associating thermostability and IL tolerance, our findings related to the mesophilic T. harzianum β-xylosidase(s) emphasize the need to include the marine habitat in the bioprospecting dragnet for identification of new IL-tolerant LCB-degrading enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Angela Zabala
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Si Yu Tan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Arthur Broadstock
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Trichur S. Suryanarayanan
- Vivekananda Institute of Tropical Mycology (VINSTROM), Ramakrishna Mission Vidyapith, Chennai 600004, India
| | - Venkat Gopalan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Wang H, Chen W, Zhang X, Liu C, Sun R. Esterification Mechanism of Bagasse Modified with Glutaric Anhydride in 1-Allyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 10:E966. [PMID: 28820479 PMCID: PMC5578332 DOI: 10.3390/ma10080966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The esterification of bagasse with glutaric anhydride could increase surface adhesion compatibility and the surface of derived polymers has the potential of immobilizing peptides or proteins for biomedical application. Due to its complicated components, the esterification mechanism of bagasse esterified with glutaric anhydride in ionic liquids has not been studied. In this paper, the homogenous esterification of bagasse with glutaric anhydride was comparatively investigated with the isolated cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin in 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl) to reveal the reaction mechanism. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) indicated that the three components (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin) were all involved in the esterification. The percentage of substitution (PS) of bagasse was gradually improved with the increased dosage of glutaric anhydride (10-40 mmol/g), which was primarily attributed to the increased esterification of cellulose and hemicelluloses. However, the PS fluctuation of lignin led to a decrease in the PS of bagasse at high glutaric anhydride dosage (50 mmol/g). The esterification reactivity of bagasse components followed the order of lignin > hemicelluloses > cellulose. The esterification mechanism was proposed as a nucleophilic substitution reaction. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis indicated that lignin aliphatic hydroxyls were prior to be esterified, and primary hydroxyls were more reactive than secondary hydroxyls in cellulose and hemicelluloses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Chuanfu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Runcang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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22
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Zhang Z, Song J, Han B. Catalytic Transformation of Lignocellulose into Chemicals and Fuel Products in Ionic Liquids. Chem Rev 2016; 117:6834-6880. [PMID: 28535680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Innovative valorization of naturally abundant and renewable lignocellulosic biomass is of great importance in the pursuit of a sustainable future and biobased economy. Ionic liquids (ILs) as an important kind of green solvents and functional fluids have attracted significant attention for the catalytic transformation of lignocellulosic feedstocks into a diverse range of products. Taking advantage of some unique properties of ILs with different functions, the catalytic transformation processes can be carried out more efficiently and potentially with lower environmental impacts. Also, a new product portfolio may be derived from catalytic systems with ILs as media. This review focuses on the catalytic chemical conversion of lignocellulose and its primary ingredients (i.e., cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) into value-added chemicals and fuel products using ILs as the reaction media. An outlook is provided at the end of this review to highlight the challenges and opportunities associated with this interesting and important area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanrong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinliang Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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23
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24
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Zhang X, Wilson K, Lee AF. Heterogeneously Catalyzed Hydrothermal Processing of C 5-C 6 Sugars. Chem Rev 2016; 116:12328-12368. [PMID: 27680093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Biomass has been long exploited as an anthropogenic energy source; however, the 21st century challenges of energy security and climate change are driving resurgence in its utilization both as a renewable alternative to fossil fuels and as a sustainable carbon feedstock for chemicals production. Deconstruction of cellulose and hemicellulose carbohydrate polymers into their constituent C5 and C6 sugars, and subsequent heterogeneously catalyzed transformations, offer the promise of unlocking diverse oxygenates such as furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, xylitol, sorbitol, mannitol, and gluconic acid as biorefinery platform chemicals. Here, we review recent advances in the design and development of catalysts and processes for C5-C6 sugar reforming into chemical intermediates and products, and highlight the challenges of aqueous phase operation and catalyst evaluation, in addition to process considerations such as solvent and reactor selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingguang Zhang
- European Bioenergy Research Institute, Aston University , Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Wilson
- European Bioenergy Research Institute, Aston University , Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
| | - Adam F Lee
- European Bioenergy Research Institute, Aston University , Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
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25
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Raj T, Gaur R, Dixit P, Gupta RP, Kagdiyal V, Kumar R, Tuli DK. Ionic liquid pretreatment of biomass for sugars production: Driving factors with a plausible mechanism for higher enzymatic digestibility. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 149:369-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.04.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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26
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Fukaya Y, Asai RI, Kadotani S, Nokami T, Itoh T. Extraction of Polysaccharides from Japanese Cedar Using Phosphonate-Derived Polar Ionic Liquids Having Functional Groups. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20160073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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27
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Peleteiro S, Santos V, Parajó JC. Furfural production in biphasic media using an acidic ionic liquid as a catalyst. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 153:421-428. [PMID: 27561513 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.07.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids are valuable tools for biorefineries. This study provides an experimental assessment on the utilization of an acidic ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate) as a catalyst for furfural production in water/solvent media. The substrates employed in experiments were commercial xylose (employed as a reference compound) or hemicellulosic saccharides obtained by hydrothermal processing of Eucalyptus globulus wood (which were employed as produced, after membrane concentration or after freeze-drying). A variety of reaction conditions (defined by temperature, reaction time and type of organic solvent) were considered. The possibility of recycling the catalyst was assessed in selected experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Peleteiro
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), University of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Valentín Santos
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), University of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Juan C Parajó
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), University of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain.
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28
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Peleteiro S, Rivas S, Alonso JL, Santos V, Parajó JC. Furfural production using ionic liquids: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 202:181-191. [PMID: 26708486 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Furfural, a platform chemical with a bright future, is commercially obtained by acidic processing of xylan-containing biomass in aqueous media. Ionic liquids (ILs) can be employed in processed for furfural manufacture as additives, as catalysts and/or as reaction media. Depending on the IL utilized, externally added catalysts (usually, Lewis acids, Brönsted acids and/or solid acid catalysts) can be necessary to achieve high reaction yields. Oppositely, acidic ionic liquids (AILs) can perform as both solvents and catalysts, enabling the direct conversion of suitable substrates (pentoses, pentosans or xylan-containing biomass) into furfural. Operating in IL-containing media, the furfural yields can be improved when the product is continuously removed along the reaction (for example, by stripping or extraction), to avoid unwanted side-reactions leading to furfural consumption. These topics are reviewed, as well as the major challenges involved in the large scale utilization of ILs for furfural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Peleteiro
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), Universtity of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Sandra Rivas
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), Universtity of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - José Luis Alonso
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), Universtity of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Valentín Santos
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), Universtity of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Parajó
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), Universtity of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain.
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29
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Yan B, Shao G, Li K, Ma Y, Wei L, Zhao D. Thermodynamic screening of lignin dissolution in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate–water mixtures. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23596k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin dissolution in [C4mim]OAc–water mixtures is an exothermal process. Adding water facilitates the mixtures to reach thermodynamic stable state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yan
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Guolin Shao
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Kunlan Li
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Yingchong Ma
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Ligang Wei
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Deyang Zhao
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian
- China
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