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Rizki IF, Panjaitan FR, Mulyono ME, Bajra BD. The utilization of natural deep eutectic solvent composition in tocotrienol and tocopherol extraction from crude palm oil and its acylglycerol products. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Khallouki F, Saber S, Bouddine T, Hajji L, Elbouhali B, Silvente-Poirot S, Poirot M. In vitro and In vivo oxidation and cleavage products of tocols: From chemical tuners to “VitaminEome” therapeutics. A narrative review. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Zheng J, Long Y, Chen W, Zhi W, Xu T, Wang L, Hu A. Quality changes of repeatedly fried palm oil and extracted oil from fried loach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2021-0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Fried loach is a kind of popular flavor food. The effects of repeated frying on peroxide value (PV), acid value (AV), P-anisidine value (P-AV), total polar components (TPC) and free fatty acids (FFA) of palm oil and extracted oil from fried loach (EOL) were studied. The loach was fried in palm oil at 170 °C for 3 min and the frying was repeated 10 times. The oil from fried loach was collected and analyzed. The results showed that the TPC of palm oil exceeded the standard limit (3 mg/g) when frying 10 times. The PV and TPC of EOL were unqualified after 9 and 4 times frying (19.17 meq O2/kg and 31% respectively). The AV of the EOL reached 2.46 mg/g after 9 times frying. Palm oil has better frying performance than EOL because of its balanced proportion of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Palm oil can be used for 9 times frying, while the EOL has been damaged after 4 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
- Tianjin Kuanda Aquatic Food Co. Ltd. , Tianjin 300162 , PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Long
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
| | - Wen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
| | - Wenli Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
| | - Tingting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
| | - Aijun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
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Hyaluronic-acid-based β-cyclodextrin grafted copolymers as biocompatible supramolecular hosts to enhance the water solubility of tocopherol. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119542. [PMID: 32553494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA), a common biopolymer found in the extracellular fluid, was grafted with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to form a composite polymer that could form inclusion complexes with tocopherol (VE), enhancing its water-solubility and serving as a model drug delivery system. Herein, different copolymers were prepared with varying HA:β-CD ratios and characterized. VE loading capacity was directly correlated with increased β-CD composition in the polymers and morphological changes were observed upon VE binding. The host materials and their VE inclusion complexes are not cytotoxic, and are thus useful for VE and drug delivery.
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Analysis of oxidation products of α-tocopherol in extra virgin olive oil using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2020; 306:125582. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Zheng L, Jin J, Shi L, Huang J, Chang M, Wang X, Zhang H, Jin Q. Gamma tocopherol, its dimmers, and quinones: Past and future trends. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 60:3916-3930. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1711704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liyou Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jun Jin
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Longkai Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Ming Chang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Tang C, Tao G, Wang Y, Liu Y, Li J. Identification of α-Tocopherol and Its Oxidation Products by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:669-677. [PMID: 31855428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine α-tocopherol (α-T) and its thermal oxidation products simultaneously. A novel method based on an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was developed. This approach was achieved by means of a BEH C18 analytical column under gradient elution conditions with eluents of acetonitrile/isopropanol (1:9, v/v) and acetonitrile/water (4:6, v/v). Compounds were elucidated through exact molecular mass and fragmentation ions obtained from the Q-TOF-MS detector. Two oxidation products, α-tocopheryl quinone and 5-formyl-γ-tocopherol, were identified, and one new compound was determined. This approach offered a simple, precise, and reliable method to determine oxidation products of α-T, which may give a way to understand the mechanism of the thermal oxidative process of α-T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guanjun Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jinwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , People's Republic of China
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Ye Q, Meng X, Jiang L. Identification and assessment of residual levels of the main oxidation product of tert-butylhydroquinone in frying oils after heating and its cytotoxicity to RAW 264.7 cells. Food Chem 2018; 264:293-300. [PMID: 29853379 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
tert-Butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) losses and the residual levels of 2-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone (TBBQ) in tripalmitin at different heating temperatures with or without reflux over various time intervals were investigated. Heating at 120 °C resulted in the slowest TBHQ loss and the highest TBBQ levels (52.61-62.93 μg/mL). The highest TBBQ concentrations (111.73-164.67 μg/mL) at 5 and 8 h and residual concentrations of 10.23-46.95 μg/mL during heating at 170 °C over 24 h were observed. Furthermore, the potential cytotoxicity of TBBQ to RAW 264.7 cells was evaluated with the MTT assay, Hoechst 33258 staining test, and flow cytometry analysis. Results indicate that TBBQ dose- and time-dependently decreased the growth of cells and inhibited DNA synthesis by regulating the S/G2 transition. The TBBQ concentration giving 50% inhibition in RAW 264.7 cells was 10.71 μg/mL. This threshold value is lower than the residual level of TBBQ in oil, indicating the necessity for concerns over the safety of fried food in terms of TBBQ residues.
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Key Words
- 2,5-Di-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone (PubChem CID: 17161)
- 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone (PubChem CID: 2374)
- 2,6-Di-tert-butylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (PubChem CID: 12867)
- 2,6-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone (PubChem CID: 75550)
- 2-tert-Butyl-1,4-benzoquinone
- 2-tert-Butyl-1,4-benzoquinone (PubChem CID: 19211)
- 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (PubChem CID: 64965)
- Apoptosis
- Oxidation
- RAW 264.7 cells
- Thymoquinone (PubChem CID: 10281)
- Viability
- tert-Butylhydroquinone
- tert-Butylhydroquinone (PubChem CID: 16043)
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ye
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghe Meng
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lianzhou Jiang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
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Alsabil K, Viault G, Suor-Cherer S, Helesbeux JJ, Merza J, Dumontet V, Peña-Rodriguez LM, Richomme P, Séraphin D. Efficient ortho-formylation in vitamin E series, application to the semi-synthesis of natural 5- and 7-formyl-δ-tocotrienols revealing an unprecedented 5-bromo-7-formyl exchange. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Che W, Bao Y, Tang F. Down-regulation of C35 decreased the cell viability and migration of breast ductal carcinoma cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183941. [PMID: 28859163 PMCID: PMC5578656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Resistance to human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-targeted therapies is common, and results in treatment failure and new tumor progression. C35 is over-expressed in many invasive breast cancer endogenously, and functions as an oncogene in breast cancer cell lines. Methods The current study aims to investigate effects of C35 on cell viability and migration of HER2-positive breast tumor cells and explore possible mechanisms. The protein expression of C35 in BT-474 breast ductal carcinoma cells was interfered by siRNAs. MTT assay was utilized to detect the viability of BT474 breast ductal carcinoma cells after transfection. The migration of BT474 breast ductal carcinoma cells was examined by cell wound scratch assay. Results In addition, the protein expression of C35, HER2, AKT and p-AKT in breast ductal carcinoma cells were detected by Western Blot. The protein expression of C35 was weaker in siRNA1 and siRNA2 groups compared with the control group. The relative expression ratio of C35 to β-actin decreased significantly in siRNA2 and siRNA1 groups. When C35 expression was interfered by siRNA1 and siRNA2 for 48 h, the viability of BT474 breast ductal carcinoma cells decreased compared with the control group. In addition, the migration of breast ductal carcinoma cells decreased when C35 expression was interfered by siRNA1 for 24 h, and interfered by siRNA1 and siRNA2 for 48 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Che
- Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Bao
- Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Tang
- Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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11
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Kanchi MM, Shanmugam MK, Rane G, Sethi G, Kumar AP. Tocotrienols: the unsaturated sidekick shifting new paradigms in vitamin E therapeutics. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:1765-1781. [PMID: 28789906 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin E family members: tocotrienols and tocopherols are widely known for their health benefits. Decades of research on tocotrienols have shown they have diverse biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective and skin protection benefits, as well as improved cognition, bone health, longevity and reduction of cholesterol levels in plasma. Tocotrienols also modulate several intracellular molecular targets and, most importantly, have been shown to improve lipid profiles, reduce total cholesterol and reduce the volume of white matter lesions in human clinical trials. This review provides a comprehensive update on the little-known therapeutic potentials of tocotrienols, which tocopherols lack in a variety of inflammation-driven diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu M Kanchi
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Muthu K Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Grishma Rane
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore; School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
| | - Alan P Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, 119074, Singapore; Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; Medical Science Cluster, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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12
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Shahidi F, de Camargo AC. Tocopherols and Tocotrienols in Common and Emerging Dietary Sources: Occurrence, Applications, and Health Benefits. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1745. [PMID: 27775605 PMCID: PMC5085773 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Edible oils are the major natural dietary sources of tocopherols and tocotrienols, collectively known as tocols. Plant foods with low lipid content usually have negligible quantities of tocols. However, seeds and other plant food processing by-products may serve as alternative sources of edible oils with considerable contents of tocopherols and tocotrienols. Tocopherols are among the most important lipid-soluble antioxidants in food as well as in human and animal tissues. Tocopherols are found in lipid-rich regions of cells (e.g., mitochondrial membranes), fat depots, and lipoproteins such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Their health benefits may also be explained by regulation of gene expression, signal transduction, and modulation of cell functions. Potential health benefits of tocols include prevention of certain types of cancer, heart disease, and other chronic ailments. Although deficiencies of tocopherol are uncommon, a continuous intake from common and novel dietary sources of tocopherols and tocotrienols is advantageous. Thus, this contribution will focus on the relevant literature on common and emerging edible oils as a source of tocols. Potential application and health effects as well as the impact of new cultivars as sources of edible oils and their processing discards are presented. Future trends and drawbacks are also briefly covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada.
| | - Adriano Costa de Camargo
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada.
- Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food & Nutrition, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil.
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