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Sales AL, Cunha SC, Ferreira IM, Morgado J, Melo L, DePaula J, Miguel MAL, Farah A. Volatilome, Microbial, and Sensory Profiles of Coffee Leaf and Coffee Leaf-Toasted Maté Kombuchas. Foods 2024; 13:484. [PMID: 38338619 PMCID: PMC10855110 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Kombucha is a fermented beverage traditionally made from the leaves of Camelia sinensis. The market has drastically expanded recently, and the beverage has become more elaborated with new, healthy food materials and flavors. Pruning and harvesting during coffee production may generate tons of coffee leaves that are discarded although they contain substantial amounts of bioactive compounds, including those found in maté tea and coffee seeds. This study characterized the changes in volatilome, microbial, and sensory profiles of pure and blended arabica coffee leaf tea kombuchas between 3-9 days of fermentation. Acceptance was also evaluated by consumers from Rio de Janeiro (n = 103). Kombuchas (K) were prepared using black tea kombucha starter (BTKS) (10%), sucrose (10%), a symbiotic culture of Bacteria and Yeasts (SCOBY) (2.5%), and a pure coffee leaf infusion (CL) or a 50:50 blend with toasted maté infusion (CL-TM) at 2.5%. The RATA test was chosen for sensory profile characterization. One hundred volatile organic compounds were identified when all infusions and kombucha samples were considered. The potential impact compounds identified in CL K and CL-TM K were: methyl salicylate, benzaldehyde, hexanal, nonanal, pentadecanal, phenylethyl-alcohol, cedrol, 3,5-octadien-2-one, β-damascenone, α-ionone, β-ionone, acetic acid, caproic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, isovaleric acid, linalool, (S)-dihydroactinidiolide, isoamyl alcohol, ethyl hexanoate, and geranyl acetone. Aroma and flavor descriptors with higher intensities in CL K included fruity, peach, sweet, and herbal, while CL-TM K included additional toasted mate notes. The highest mean acceptance score was given to CL-TM K and CL K on day 3 (6.6 and 6.4, respectively, on a nine-point scale). Arabica coffee leaf can be a co-product with similar fingerprinting to maté and black tea, which can be explored for the elaboration of potentially healthy fermented beverages in food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Luísa Sales
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Café Prof. Luiz Carlos Trugo (NUPECAFÉ), Laboratóriode Química e Bioatividade de Alimentos, Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bl. J, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (A.L.S.); (J.M.); (J.D.)
- Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bl. I, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Sara C. Cunha
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4099-030 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.C.)
| | - Isabel M.P.L.V.O. Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4099-030 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.C.)
| | - Jéssika Morgado
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Café Prof. Luiz Carlos Trugo (NUPECAFÉ), Laboratóriode Química e Bioatividade de Alimentos, Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bl. J, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (A.L.S.); (J.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Lauro Melo
- Laboratório de Análise Sensorial e Estudos do Consumidor (LASEC), Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, CT, Bl. E, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil;
| | - Juliana DePaula
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Café Prof. Luiz Carlos Trugo (NUPECAFÉ), Laboratóriode Química e Bioatividade de Alimentos, Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bl. J, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (A.L.S.); (J.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Marco Antonio L. Miguel
- Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bl. I, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Adriana Farah
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Café Prof. Luiz Carlos Trugo (NUPECAFÉ), Laboratóriode Química e Bioatividade de Alimentos, Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bl. J, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (A.L.S.); (J.M.); (J.D.)
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DePaula J, Cunha SC, Ferreira IMPLVO, Porto ACV, G Cruz A, Petrarca M, Tereza Trevisan M, Revi I, Farah A. Volatile fingerprinting, sensory characterization, and consumer acceptance of pure and blended arabica coffee leaf teas. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113361. [PMID: 37803702 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Coffee leaves contain several bioactive compounds and have been traditionally consumed as a medicinal infusion in the East for centuries. Coffee production generates large amounts of leaves as by-products, which are often wasted in most producing countries because of the low acceptability in the West. Nevertheless, processing and blending coffee leaves may increase aroma and flavor complexity. This study evaluated the volatile and sensory profiles and consumer acceptance of coffee leaf teas compared to two among the most consumed teas (black and maté teas) in Rio de Janeiro. Infusions were made with one experimental and one commercial coffee leaf tea (CLT), two black teas (BT), and one toasted maté tea (TMT) for volatile (GC-MS/MS) and sensory profiles. As an attempt to improve coffee leaf tea acceptance, CLT were also blended (50%) with BT or TMT. Acceptance, Check All That Apply (CATA), and Projective Mapping sensory tests were performed with untrained assessors aged 18-49 (n = 100). Volatile data were standardized by centering and normalization. Sensory data were treated by ANOVA/Fisher test, PCA, and AHCMFA, considering differences at p < 0.05. Ninety-two volatile compounds distributed in 12 classes were identified in different samples. CLT, BT, and TMT infusions shared 19 compounds, including 9 potential impact compounds for aroma and flavor: α-ionone, β-ionone, hexanal, nonanal, decanal, benzaldehyde, trans-linalool oxide, linalool, and dihydroactinidiolide. The most cited flavor attributes for CLT infusions were herbs/green leaf, woody and refreshing. For TMT and BT, herbs/green leaf, woody, burnt, and fermented were the most cited. These attributes agreed with the volatile profiles. CLT shared 22 compounds with TMT and 28 with BT. Considering pure infusions, TMT presented the highest mean acceptance scores (6.7), followed by Com. and Exp. CLT (6.1 and 5.8, on a 9-point-hedonic scale, respectively). Blending with TMT increased mean acceptance of Exp. CLT (6.4), while blending with BT, downgraded the mean acceptance of Com. CLT (5.3). In Projective Mapping, CLT was considered to have a higher sensory resemblance with TMT than BT. If produced adequately, CLT was shown to have good market potential to support sustainable coffee production and promote health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana DePaula
- Laboratório de Química e Bioatividade de Alimentos & Núcleo de Pesquisa em Café Professor Luiz Carlos Trugo - NuPeCafé, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, ZC 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Sara C Cunha
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Departamento de Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4099-030 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Isabel M P L V O Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Departamento de Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4099-030 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ana Carolina V Porto
- Laboratório de Química e Bioatividade de Alimentos & Núcleo de Pesquisa em Café Professor Luiz Carlos Trugo - NuPeCafé, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, ZC 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Adriano G Cruz
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Alimentos, 20270-021, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Mateus Petrarca
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Departamento de Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4099-030 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria Tereza Trevisan
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Biotecnologia - Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do ZC 60.455-760 Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
| | - Ildi Revi
- Purity Coffee - Greenville, South Carolina, USA.
| | - Adriana Farah
- Laboratório de Química e Bioatividade de Alimentos & Núcleo de Pesquisa em Café Professor Luiz Carlos Trugo - NuPeCafé, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, ZC 21941-902, Brazil.
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Inhibition of Aflatoxin B1 Synthesis in Aspergillus flavus by Mate ( Ilex paraguariensis), Rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis) and Green Tea ( Camellia sinensis) Extracts: Relation with Extract Antioxidant Capacity and Fungal Oxidative Stress Response Modulation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238550. [PMID: 36500642 PMCID: PMC9739609 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant extracts may represent an ecofriendly alternative to chemical fungicides to limit aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination of foods and feeds. Mate (Ilex paraguariensis), rosemary (Romarinus officinalis) and green tea (Camellia sinensis) are well known for their beneficial properties, which are mainly related to their richness in bioactive phenolic compounds. AFB1 production is inhibited, with varying efficiency, by acetone/water extracts from these three plants. At 0.45 µg dry matter (DM)/mL of culture medium, mate and green tea extracts were able to completely inhibit AFB1 production in Aspergillus flavus, and rosemary extract completely blocked AFB1 biosynthesis at 3.6 µg DM/mL of culture medium. The anti-AFB1 capacity of the extracts correlated strongly with their phenolic content, but, surprisingly, no such correlation was evident with their antioxidative ability, which is consistent with the ineffectiveness of these extracts against fungal catalase activity. Anti-AFB1 activity correlated more strongly with the radical scavenging capacity of the extracts. This is consistent with the modulation of SOD induced by mate and green tea in Aspergillus flavus. Finally, rutin, a phenolic compound present in the three plants tested in this work, was shown to inhibit AFB1 synthesis and may be responsible for the anti-mycotoxin effect reported herein.
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Souza MC, Silva LC, Chaves JO, Salvador MP, Sanches VL, da Cunha DT, Foster Carneiro T, Rostagno MA. Simultaneous extraction and separation of compounds from mate ( Ilex paraguariensis) leaves by pressurized liquid extraction coupled with solid-phase extraction and in-line UV detection. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2021; 2:100008. [PMID: 35415638 PMCID: PMC8991615 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2020.100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
pH and temperature are the main variables affecting recovery and separation. The selection of the adsorbent is critical for the recovery of less polar compounds. Excellent separation of compounds in different fractions was achieved. The use of a UV–Vis detector allowed monitoring the process in real-time. The developed method provided higher recoveries than conventional methods.
The in-line coupling of the pressurized liquid extraction with a solid-phase adsorbent and a UV–Vis detector for the simultaneous extraction and separation of bioactive compounds from yerba mate (PLE-SPE-UV) was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, water was used as a solvent, while in the second stage, ethanol was used. For the optimization of the method, different adsorbents (Sepra C18-E, Isolute C18-EC, and Strata-X C18), temperatures (40–80 °C), solvent flow-rate (1–3 mL/min), and pH (4.0 and 8.0) were evaluated. By using a UV–Vis detector on-line, it is possible to monitor the process in real-time. The developed method allowed obtaining similar or higher recoveries of all the compounds classes than other methods, such as ultrasound-assisted extraction, stirring, maceration, and pressurized liquid extraction alone, in addition to separating them into fractions. The developed method could be used as sample preparation for the analysis of different compounds classes from mate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana C Souza
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Laise C Silva
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Jaisa O Chaves
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Mayara P Salvador
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Vitor L Sanches
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Diogo T da Cunha
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Tânia Foster Carneiro
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Mauricio A Rostagno
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
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Lipid oxidation and sensory characterization of Omega-3 rich buffalo burgers enriched with chlorogenic acids from the mate (Ilex paraguariensis) tree harvesting residues. Meat Sci 2021; 179:108534. [PMID: 33975259 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A freeze-dried extract from the bark of mate branches (BMBE) containing high chlorogenic acids (CGA) content (30 g 100 g-1) was produced. Then, chia oil was mixed with 7.5% BMBE and sonicated for 0, 10, and 20 min. Chia oil with or without the addition of BMBE was hydrogelled and used to produce buffalo burgers with 50% reduction in animal fat. CGA levels and the nutritional, oxidative, and sensory properties of the burgers were analyzed. A reduction of ~30% fat and an increase above 60% PUFA/SFA ratio was observed for the reformulated raw and cooked burgers. In addition, the Omega-6/Omega-3 PUFA ratio of the burgers decreased from 20.8 (raw) and 31.9 (cooked) to values lower than 2. The addition of BMBE enriched the burgers with CGA, preventing an increase in lipid oxidation caused by chia oil. The addition of BMBE-enriched hydrogelled chia oil not subjected to sonication did not affect the sensory properties of the burgers.
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FT-IR biomarkers of sexual dimorphism in yerba-mate plants: Seasonal and light accessibility effects. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Clifford MN, Kerimi A, Williamson G. Bioavailability and metabolism of chlorogenic acids (acyl‐quinic acids) in humans. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:1299-1352. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael N. Clifford
- School of Bioscience and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of Surrey Guildford UK
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash HealthFaculty of Medicine Nursing and Health SciencesMonash University Notting Hill Victoria Australia
| | - Asimina Kerimi
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash HealthFaculty of Medicine Nursing and Health SciencesMonash University Notting Hill Victoria Australia
| | - Gary Williamson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash HealthFaculty of Medicine Nursing and Health SciencesMonash University Notting Hill Victoria Australia
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Kim E, Li B, Payne GF. Electrochemical reverse engineering to probe for drug-phenol redox interactions. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.10.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Gebara KS, Gasparotto-Junior A, Santiago PG, Cardoso CAL, de Souza LM, Morand C, Costa TA, Cardozo-Junior EL. Daily Intake of Chlorogenic Acids from Consumption of Maté (Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.) Traditional Beverages. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:10093-10100. [PMID: 29056047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate the daily intake of chlorogenic acids (CGAs) and methylxanthines by consumers of maté traditional beverages (MTBs), terere and chimarrão (Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hill). In the studied population (450 citizens from Toledo, PR, Brazil), 63% consume the chimarrão and 37% terere, with weighted mean daily intakes estimated at 648-2160 and 244-746 mL, respectively. For every 100 mL of beverage consumed, the average amount of total phenol compounds extracted was 673.6 mg for chimarrão and 1184.9 mg for terere. Regarding CGAs composition, caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs) constitute about 38.4% for chimarrão and 55.3% for terere, and dicaffeoylquinic acids (diCQAs) represent 61.6 and 44.7% of the extracted compounds, respectively. The daily intake of phenolic compounds by MTB consumers was estimated for chimarrão (512.5-1708.5 mg/day) and terere (583.0-1779.7 mg/day). These results allow us to conclude that MTBs are important dietary sources of CGAs, mainly CQAs and di-CQAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karimi Sater Gebara
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Health Sciences College, Federal University of Grande Dourados , Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, s/n - J. Aeroporto, 79.804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto-Junior
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Health Sciences College, Federal University of Grande Dourados , Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, s/n - J. Aeroporto, 79.804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Patricia Gonçalves Santiago
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Health Sciences College, Federal University of Grande Dourados , Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, s/n - J. Aeroporto, 79.804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso
- Center for Research on Natural Resources, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul , Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, s/n - J. Aeroporto, 79.804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Lauro Mera de Souza
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe , 80.250-060 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Christine Morand
- INRA, Human Nutrition Unit, UCA , F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Telma Aparecida Costa
- Institute of Biological, Medical and Health Sciences, Universidade Paranaense , Av. Parigot de Souza, 3636 J. Prada, 85.903-170 Toledo, PR, Brazil
| | - Euclides Lara Cardozo-Junior
- Institute of Biological, Medical and Health Sciences, Universidade Paranaense , Av. Parigot de Souza, 3636 J. Prada, 85.903-170 Toledo, PR, Brazil
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Iacomino M, Weber F, Gleichenhagen M, Pistorio V, Panzella L, Pizzo E, Schieber A, d'Ischia M, Napolitano A. Stable Benzacridine Pigments by Oxidative Coupling of Chlorogenic Acid with Amino Acids and Proteins: Toward Natural Product-Based Green Food Coloring. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:6519-6528. [PMID: 28488442 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The occasional greening of sweet potatoes and other plant tissues observed during cooking or other food processing has been shown to arise from the autoxidative coupling of chlorogenic acid (CGA, 5-caffeoylquinic acid) with amino acid components, leading to trihydroxybenzacridine pigments. To explore the potential of this reaction for food coloring, we report herein the optimized biomimetic preparation of trihydroxybenzacridine pigments from CGA and amino acids such as glycine and lysine, their straightforward purification by gel filtration chromatography, the UHPLC-MS/MS analysis of the purified pigment fraction, and a detailed characterization of the pH-dependent trihydroxybenzacridine chromophore. Similar green pigments were also obtained by analogous reaction of CGA with a low-cost protein, bovine serum albumin, and by simply adding CGA to chicken egg white (CEW) under stirring. Neither the purified pigments from amino acids nor the pigmented CEW exerted significant toxicity against two human cell lines, Caco-2 and HepG2, at doses compatible with common use in food coloring. Additions of the pure pigments or pigmented CEW to different food matrices imparted intense green hues, and the thermal stability of these preparations proved satisfactory up to 90 °C. The potential application of the greening reaction for the sensing of fish deterioration is also disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariagrazia Iacomino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II , Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabian Weber
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, University of Bonn , Römerstrasse 164, Bonn D-53117, Germany
| | - Maike Gleichenhagen
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, University of Bonn , Römerstrasse 164, Bonn D-53117, Germany
| | - Valeria Pistorio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II , Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Panzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II , Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Elio Pizzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II , Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Andreas Schieber
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, University of Bonn , Römerstrasse 164, Bonn D-53117, Germany
| | - Marco d'Ischia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II , Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II , Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
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Correa VG, Gonçalves GA, de Sá-Nakanishi AB, Ferreira ICFR, Barros L, Dias MI, Koehnlein EA, de Souza CGM, Bracht A, Peralta RM. Effects of in vitro digestion and in vitro colonic fermentation on stability and functional properties of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil.) beverages. Food Chem 2017; 237:453-460. [PMID: 28764019 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is a plant that grows naturally in South America. From its leaves and thin stems different kinds of beverages are prepared (chimarrão, tererê and tea mate), all of them rich in bioactive substances. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and colonic fermentation on the stability of the polyphenols and on the antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumoral activities of the yerba mate beverages. The phenolic chromatographic profile revealed that both the in vitro digestion and the colonic fermentation caused a pronounced decrease in 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid in the preparations. However, 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid and salvianolic acid I were only barely affected in all preparations. Despite the decrease in the phytochemicals content, yerba mate beverages maintain their functional properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumoral activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa G Correa
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Graduate Program in Food Science, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Geferson A Gonçalves
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Graduate Program in Food Science, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Anacharis B de Sá-Nakanishi
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Graduate Program in Food Science, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), Campus de Santa Apolonia, Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Lillian Barros
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), Campus de Santa Apolonia, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Maria I Dias
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), Campus de Santa Apolonia, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Eloá A Koehnlein
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of South Border, Realeza, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Adelar Bracht
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Graduate Program in Food Science, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rosane M Peralta
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Graduate Program in Food Science, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
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Xie M, Chen G, Hu B, Zhou L, Ou S, Zeng X, Sun Y. Hydrolysis of Dicaffeoylquinic Acids from Ilex kudingcha Happens in the Colon by Intestinal Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:9624-9630. [PMID: 27977191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Monocaffeoylquinic acids (mono-CQAs) can be hydrolyzed or metabolized by pancreatin, intestinal brush border esterase, and microbiota in the colon. Data about the conversion of dicaffeoylquinic acids (diCQAs) in digestion are scarce. The diCQA-rich fraction including 3,4-, 3,5-, and 4,5-diCQAs was prepared from Ilex kudingcha, and the conversion in simulated gastricintestine was investigated. Artificial saliva, gastric and pancreatic fluids, Caco-2 monolayer cells, and anaerobic fermentation model were utilized to mimic digestions of the oral cavity, stomach, small intestine, and colon in vitro. The results revealed that diCQAs remained intact in simulated saliva, gastric, and pancreatic fluids and within Caco-2 cells. In anaerobic fermentation with human fecal slurry, diCQAs were hydrolyzed to mono-CQAs and caffeic acid, which were further metabolized to caffeic acid and dihydrocaffeic acid, respectively. The hydrolysis of diCQAs depended on the chemical structures, carbohydrates in the culture medium, and microbial compositions. Our research demonstrated that hydrolysis of diCQAs happened in the colon by intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhao Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guijie Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bing Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Li Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shiyi Ou
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yi Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
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