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Zhan Y, Chen Q, Song Y, Wei X, Zhao T, Chen B, Li C, Zhang W, Jiang Y, Tan Y, Du B, Xiao J, Wang K. Berbamine Hydrochloride inhibits lysosomal acidification by activating Nox2 to potentiate chemotherapy-induced apoptosis via the ROS-MAPK pathway in human lung carcinoma cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:1297-1317. [PMID: 36070022 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09756-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is typically activated in cancer cells as a rescue strategy in response to cellular stress (e.g., chemotherapy). Herein, we found that Berbamine Hydrochloride (Ber) can act as an effective inhibitor of the late stage of autophagic flux, thereby potentiating the killing effect of chemotherapy agents. Lung carcinoma cells exposed to Ber exhibited increased autophagosomes, marked by LC3-II upregulation. The increased level of p62 after Ber treatment indicated that the autophagic flux was blocked at the late stage. The lysosome staining assay and cathepsin maturation detection indicated impaired lysosomal acidification. We found that Nox2 exhibited intensified co-localization with lysosomes in Ber-treated cells. Nox2 is a key enzyme for superoxide anion production capable of transferring electrons into the lysosomal lumen, thereby neutralizing the inner protons; this might explain the aberrant acidification. This hypothesis is further supported by the observed reversal of lysosomal cathepsin maturation by Nox2 inhibitors. Finally, Ber combined with cisplatin exhibited a synergistic killing effect on lung carcinoma cells. Further data suggested that lung carcinoma cells co-treated with Ber and cisplatin accumulated excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), which typically activated MAPK-mediated mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. The enhanced anti-cancer effect of Ber combined with cisplatin was also confirmed in an in vivo xenograft mouse model. These findings indicate that Ber might be a promising adjuvant for enhancing the cancer cell killing effect of chemotherapy via the inhibition of autophagy. In this process, Nox2 might be a significant mediator of Ber-induced aberrant lysosomal acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Zhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qiugu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yue Song
- Department of Biochemistry, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xianli Wei
- Department of Medical Instruments, Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College, Guangzhou, 510520, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingxiu Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bonan Chen
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Chengxi Li
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yanjun Jiang
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Yuhui Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Biaoyan Du
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jianyong Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Dammarane triterpenoids with rare skeletons from Gynostemma pentaphyllum and their cytotoxic activities. Fitoterapia 2022; 162:105280. [PMID: 35964850 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Three unreported dammarane-type triterpenoids with rare skeletons (1-3), along with one undescribed gypenoside (4), were isolated from the aerial parts of Gynostemma pentaphyllum using diverse chromatographic materials and pre-HPLC. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and spectrometric data, while the absolute configurations of 1-3 were assessed via electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analyses. Notably, compounds 1-3 possess a 3,19-hemiketal bridge in the A ring. Saponin 4 possesses an unreported 20,25-oxa structural moiety. Their antiproliferative effects against HepG2, MCF-7, and DU145 cell lines were screened. Compounds 1-3 displayed moderate cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from 13.7 ± 0.2 to 32.0 ± 1.7 μM.
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Kong CY, Guo Z, Song P, Zhang X, Yuan YP, Teng T, Yan L, Tang QZ. Underlying the Mechanisms of Doxorubicin-Induced Acute Cardiotoxicity: Oxidative Stress and Cell Death. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:760-770. [PMID: 35002523 PMCID: PMC8741835 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.65258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a destructive disease that causes high levels of morbidity and mortality. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a highly efficient antineoplastic chemotherapeutic drug, but its use places survivors at risk for cardiotoxicity. Many studies have demonstrated that multiple factors are involved in DOX-induced acute cardiotoxicity. Among them, oxidative stress and cell death predominate. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying the source and effect of free radicals and dependent cell death pathways induced by DOX. Hence, we attempt to explain the cellular mechanisms of oxidative stress and cell death that elicit acute cardiotoxicity and provide new insights for researchers to discover potential therapeutic strategies to prevent or reverse doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Kong
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Yu-Pei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Teng Teng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Ling Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, RP China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, RP China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, RP China
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Nguyen NH, Ha TKQ, Yang JL, Pham HTT, Oh WK. Triterpenoids from the genus Gynostemma: Chemistry and pharmacological activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113574. [PMID: 33186700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE G. pentaphyllum, also known as Jiao-Gu-Lan, has been used traditionally as folk remedies for many diseases, including diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases in China and some countries in East and Southeast Asia. It is considered as an "immortality herb" in Guizhou Province, because it was consumed regularly by the elderly native inhabitants. Other species of the same genus Gynostemma such as G. longipes and G. laxum have been used as alternatives to G. pentaphyllum in ethno-medicine in Vietnam and other Asian countries. AIM OF THE REVIEW The review aims to summarize up-to-date study results on Gynostemma species, including traditional usage, phytochemical profile, pharmacological activities, and toxicological studies, in order to suggest future research orientation and therapeutic applications on acute and chronic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relevant literature on the genus Gynostemma was gathered from secondary databases (Web of Science and PubMed), books, and official websites. The latest literature cited in this review was published in February 2020. RESULTS The genus Gynostemma has been widely used in traditional medicine, mainly for treatment of diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and hepatosteatosis. To date, 328 dammarane-type saponins were isolated and structurally elucidated from Gynostemma species. Crude extracts, saponin-rich fractions (gypenosides), and pure compounds were reported to show a wide range of pharmacological activities in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. The most notable pharmacological effects were anti-cancer, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammatory activities. Toxicological studies were conducted only on G. pentaphyllum, showing that the plant extracts were relatively safe in both acute and long-term toxicity experiments at the given dosage while no toxicological studies were reported for the other species. CONCLUSIONS The review summarizes current studies on traditional uses, phytochemistry, biological properties, and toxicology of medicinal Gynostemma species. Till now, the majority of publications still focused only on G. pentaphyllum. However, the promising preliminary data of other Gynostemma species indicated the research potential of this genus, both in phytochemical and pharmacological aspects. Furthermore, clinical data are required to evaluate the efficacy and undesired effects of crude extracts, standard saponin fractions, and pure compounds prepared from Gynostemma medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Hieu Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, PHENIKAA University, Hanoi, 12116, Viet Nam; PHENIKAA Research and Technology Institute (PRATI), A&A Green Phoenix Group JSC, No. 167 Hoang Ngan, Trung Hoa, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 11313, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Kim Quy Ha
- College of Natural Sciences, Cantho University, Campus II, Cantho City, Viet Nam
| | - Jun-Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Ha Thanh Tung Pham
- Department of Botany, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Won Keun Oh
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Peng P, Jia D, Cao L, Lu W, Liu X, Liang C, Pan Z, Fang Z. Akebia saponin E, as a novel PIKfyve inhibitor, induces lysosome-associated cytoplasmic vacuolation to inhibit proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 266:113446. [PMID: 33031902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive malignancy with increasing mortality in China. Screening and identifying effective anticancer compounds from active traditional Chinese herbs for HCC are in demand. Akebia trifoliata (Thunb) Koidz, with pharmacological anti-HCC activities in clinical, has been shown in previous research. In the present research, we elucidated a potential anticancer effect of Akebia saponin E (ASE), which is isolated from the immature seeds of Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz, and revealed that ASE could induce severe expanded vacuoles in HCC cells. But the potential mechanism of vacuole-formation and the anti-HCC effects by ASE remain uncover. AIM OF THIS STUDY To elucidate the potential mechanism of vacuole-formation and the proliferation inhibition effects by ASE in HCC cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS MTT assay, colony formation assay and flow cytometry were performed to detect cell viability. Immunofluorescence analysis was used to examine the biomarkers of endomembrane. Cells were infected with tandem mRFP-GFP-LC3 lentivirus to assess autophagy flux. RNA-seq was conducted to analyze the genome-wide transcriptional between treatment cell groups. In vitro PIKfyve kinase assay is detected by the ADP-GloTM Kinase Assay Kit. RESULTS ASE could inhibit the proliferation of HCC with severe expanded vacuoles in vitro, and could significantly reduce the size and weight of xenograft tumor in vivo. Further, the vacuoles induced by ASE were aberrant enlarged lysosomes instead of autophagosome or autolysosomes. With cytoplasmic vacuolation, ASE induced a mTOR-independent TFEB activation for lysosomal biogenesis and a decrement of cholesterol levels in HCC cells. Furthermore, ASE could reduce the activity of PIKfyve (phosphoinositide kinase containing a FYVE-type finger), causing aberrant lysosomal biogenesis and cholesterol dyshomeostasis which triggered the expanded vacuole formation. CONCLUSION ASE can prospectively inhibit the kinase activity of PIKfyve to induce lysosome-associated cytoplasmic vacuolation, and may be utilized as an alternative candidate to treat human HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peike Peng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dongwei Jia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linna Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenli Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Liang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Pan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoqin Fang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Zhou Y, Zhou X, Huang X, Hong T, Zhang K, Qi W, Guo M, Nie S. Lysosome-Mediated Cytotoxic Autophagy Contributes to Tea Polysaccharide-Induced Colon Cancer Cell Death via mTOR-TFEB Signaling. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:686-697. [PMID: 33369397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Targeting autophagy and lysosome may serve as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Tea polysaccharide (TP) has shown promising antitumor effects. However, its mechanism remains elusive. Here, TP was found to have a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of colon cancer line HCT116 cells. RNA-seq analysis showed that TP upregulated autophagy and lysosome signal pathways, which was further confirmed through experiments. Immunofluorescence experiments indicated that TP activated transcription factor EB (TFEB), a key nuclear transcription factor modulating autophagy and lysosome biogenesis. In addition, TP inhibited the activity of mTOR, while it increased the expression of Lamp1. Furthermore, TP ameliorated the lysosomal damage and autophagy flux barrier caused by Baf A1 (lysosome inhibitor). Hence, our data suggested that TP repressed the proliferation of HCT116 cells by targeting lysosome to induce cytotoxic autophagy, which might be achieved through mTOR-TFEB signaling. In summary, TP may be used as a potential drug to overcome colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Xingtao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Tao Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Wucheng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Mi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
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Zheng K, Ma J, Wang Y, He Z, Deng K. Sulforaphane Inhibits Autophagy and Induces Exosome-Mediated Paracrine Senescence via Regulating mTOR/TFE3. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1901231. [PMID: 32476238 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201901231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The development of novel compounds that trigger non-apoptotic cell death may represent alternative therapeutic strategies for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) treatment. Cellular senescence suppresses tumorigenesis by halting the proliferation of tumor cells, implying the induction of senescence as a promising anticancer strategy, especially when combined with senolytic agents that specially kill senescent cells. This study is designed to screen novel anti-ESCC compounds from a natural product resource and identify its mechanism-of-action. METHODS AND RESULTS Identified are the significant anti-cancer effect and underlying mechanism of SFN, an isothiocyanate derived from cruciferous vegetables, through RNA sequencing, western blot, and immunofluorescent assays. It is found that SFN inhibits proliferation of ESCC cells through inducing senescence. Mechanistically, SFN induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) via disrupting the balance between glutathione and oxidized glutathione, leading to DNA damage. In addition, ROS deregulates autophagy and promotes lysosome abnormal biogenesis through regulating mTOR/TFE3 axis. Finally, the inhibited autophagic flux facilitates exosome production, resulting in exosome-mediated paracrine senescence. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests the important roles of autophagy and exosome-mediated paracrine senescence in cancer therapy and highlights SFN as a potent anti-ESCC drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Jingxin Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yifei Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Zhendan He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China.,Guangdong Key laboratory for Genome Stability & Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Novel Natural Health Care Products, Innovation Platform for Natural Small Drugs, Engineering Laboratory of Shenzhen Natural Small Molecule Innovative Drugs, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Kejun Deng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
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Gypenoside L Inhibits Proliferation of Liver and Esophageal Cancer Cells by Inducing Senescence. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24061054. [PMID: 30889805 PMCID: PMC6471500 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence is an irreversible state of cell cycle arrest that can be triggered by multiple stimuli, such as oxygen reactive species and DNA damage. Growing evidence has proven that senescence is a tumor-suppressive approach in cancer treatment. Therefore, developing novel agents that modulate senescence may be an alternative strategy against cancer. In our study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of gypenoside L (Gyp-L), a saponin isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum, on cancer cell growth. We found that Gyp-L increased the SA-β-galactosidase activity, promoted the production of senescence-associated secretory cytokines, and inhibited cell proliferation of human liver and esophageal cancer cells. Moreover, Gyp-L caused cell cycle arrest at S phase, and activated senescence-related cell cycle inhibitor proteins (p21 and p27) and their upstream regulators. In addition, Gyp-L activated p38 and ERK MAPK pathways and NF-κB pathway to induce senescence. Consistently, adding chemical inhibitors efficiently counteracted the Gyp-L-mediated senescence, growth inhibition, and cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. Furthermore, treatment with Gyp-L, enhanced the cytotoxicity of clinic therapeutic drugs, including 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin, on cancer cells. Overall, these results indicate that Gyp-L inhibits proliferation of cancer cells by inducing senescence and renders cancer cells more sensitive to chemotherapy.
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He M, Yi QY, Zhang WY, Bai L, Du F, Gu YY, Liu YJ, Wei P. Evaluation of anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo of iridium(iii) polypyridyl complexes. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01001g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Three new iridium(iii) polypyridyl complexes were synthesized. The cytotoxic activity in vitro and in vivo, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS and the expression of Bcl-2 family proteins were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao He
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Qiao-Yan Yi
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Wen-Yao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Lan Bai
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Fan Du
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yi-Ying Gu
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yun-Jun Liu
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery
| | - Peng Wei
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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