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Ye X, Zhang H, Li Q, Ren H, Xu X, Li X. Structural-Activity Relationship of Rare Ginsenosides from Red Ginseng in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108625. [PMID: 37239965 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare ginsenosides are the major components of red ginseng. However, there has been little research into the relationship between the structure of ginsenosides and their anti-inflammatory activity. In this work, BV-2 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or nigericin, the anti-inflammatory activity of eight rare ginsenosides, and the target proteins expression of AD were compared. In addition, the Morris water maze test, HE staining, thioflavins staining, and urine metabonomics were used to evaluate the effect of Rh4 on AD mice. Our results showed that their configuration influences the anti-inflammatory activity of ginsenosides. Ginsenosides Rk1, Rg5, Rk3, and Rh4 have significant anti-inflammatory activity compared to ginsenosides S-Rh1, R-Rh1, S-Rg3, and R-Rg3. Ginsenosides S-Rh1 and S-Rg3 have more pronounced anti-inflammatory activity than ginsenosides R-Rh1 and R-Rg3, respectively. Furthermore, the two pairs of stereoisomeric ginsenosides can significantly reduce the level of NLRP3, caspase-1, and ASC in BV-2 cells. Interestingly, Rh4 can improve the learning ability of AD mice, improve cognitive impairment, reduce hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and Aβ deposition, and regulate AD-related pathways such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the sphingolipid metabolism. Our findings conclude that rare ginsenosides with a double bond have more anti-inflammatory activity than those without, and 20(S)-ginsenosides have more excellent anti-inflammatory activity than 20(R)-ginsenosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Ye
- Centre of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- Centre of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Qian Li
- Centre of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Hongmin Ren
- Centre of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xinfang Xu
- Centre of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xiangri Li
- Centre of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
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Yang H, Cao Q, Yuan Z, Wu X, Li M. Enhanced therapeutic efficacy of a novel self-micellizing nanoformulation-loading fisetin against acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:2431-2448. [PMID: 34632809 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the feasibility of using dipotassium glycyrrhizinate (DG) as a nanocarrier-loading fisetin (FIT) with strengthened treatment efficacies against liver injury induced by acetaminophen overdose. Methods: DG-FIT was prepared, and its efficacy against liver injury induced by acetaminophen overdose was evaluated. Results: DG-FIT was successfully fabricated with excellent physicochemical properties. DG-FIT could be easily dissolved in water to form a clear micelle solution with high FIT encapsulation efficiency. FIT in DG-FIT exhibited a dramatically improved aqueous solubility. DG-FIT improved intestinal permeation. Regarding in vivo efficacies, DG-FIT exhibited significant effect against acetaminophen overdose by suppressing oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines involved. Conclusion: DG-FIT formulation possibly represents a promising method for strengthening the efficacy of FIT against acetaminophen-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, 266034, China
| | - Qilong Cao
- Qingdao Haier Biotech Co. Ltd, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhixin Yuan
- Qingdao Haier Biotech Co. Ltd, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianggen Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengshuang Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, 266034, China
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Zhu D, Zhou Q, Li H, Li S, Dong Z, Li D, Zhang W. Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Steamed Notoginseng by an Efficient LC-MS/MS Method for Simultaneously Quantifying Twenty-three Triterpenoids. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8187-8198. [PMID: 29989810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Steamed Panax notoginseng (SNG) has been widely used as a restorative medicine instead of the raw one, but its pharmacokinetic profile is entirely unknown. To address this, we've developed an LC-MS/MS method with high efficiency and sensitivity for simultaneous quantification of 23 triterpenoids (notoginsenosides Fa, Fc, R1, 20( S)-R2, 20( R)-R2, ginsenosides F4, Rb1, Rg1, Rd, Re, Rb2, 20( S)-Rh1, 20( R)-Rh1, Rh4, R k1, R k3, 20( S)-Rg2, 20( S)-Rg3, 20( R)-Rg3, Rg5, C-K, 20( S)-PPT, 20( S)-PPD) from SNG in rat plasma. This validated approach exhibits great linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery, and stability for all analytes. Furthermore, we, for the first time, applied this method to the pharmacokinetic study of SNG and proposed Rb1, Fa, Rd, R k1, Rg5, R k3, Rh4, and 20( S)-PPD to be suitable pharmacokinetic markers of SNG due to their high exposure levels of systemic plasma. Hence, this developed approach would be a powerful tool for future in vivo investigation of various sources of notoginseng-related samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals (Beijing Normal University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Geographical Science , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Qile Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Nutritional Resources , Beijing Academy of Science and Technology , Beijing 100069 , China
| | - Hong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Geographical Science , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Shiming Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources , Huanggang Normal University , Huanggang , Hubei 438000 , China
| | - Zhaoqi Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Dong Li
- Beijing Institute of Nutritional Resources , Beijing Academy of Science and Technology , Beijing 100069 , China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Geographical Science , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
- National and Local United Engineering Research Center for Panax Notoginseng Resources Protection and Utilization Technology , Kunming 650000 , China
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