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Xiang Y, Liu Y, Gong M, Tong Y, Liu Y, Zhao G, Yang J. Preparation of Novel Biodegradable Polymer Slow-Release Fertilizers to Improve Nutrient Release Performance and Soil Phosphorus Availability. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102242. [PMID: 37242815 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Inspired by the gradual collapse of carbon chain and the gradual release of organic elements into the external environment during the degradation of biodegradable polymers, a novel biodegradable polymer slow-release fertilizer containing nutrient nitrogen and phosphorus (PSNP) was prepared in this study. PSNP contains phosphate fragment and urea formaldehyde (UF) fragment, which are prepared by solution condensation reaction. Under the optimal process, the nitrogen (N) and P2O5 contents of PSNP were 22% and 20%, respectively. The expected molecular structure of PSNP was confirmed by SEM, FTIR, XRD, and TG. PSNP can release N and phosphorus (P) nutrients slowly under the action of microorganisms, and the cumulative release rates of N and P in 1 month were only 34.23% and 36.91%, respectively. More importantly, through soil incubation experiment and leaching experiment, it was found that UF fragments released in the degradation process of PSNP can strongly complex soil high-valence metal ions, thus inhibiting the phosphorus nutrient released by degradation to be fixed in the soil and ultimately effectively increasing the soil available P content. Compared with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), a small molecule phosphate fertilizer that is easily soluble, the available P content of PSNP in the 20-30 cm soil layer is almost twice that of ADP. Our study provides a simple copolymerization method to prepare PSNP with excellent slow-release N and P nutrients, which can promote the development of sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiang
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Yaqing Liu
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Mingshan Gong
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Yingfang Tong
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Guizhe Zhao
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Jianming Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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2
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Channab BE, El Idrissi A, Zahouily M, Essamlali Y, White JC. Starch-based controlled release fertilizers: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124075. [PMID: 36940767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
Starch, as a widely available renewable resource, has the potential to be used in the production of controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs) that support sustainable agriculture. These CRFs can be formed by incorporating nutrients through coating or absorption, or by chemically modifying the starch to enhance its ability to carry and interact with nutrients. This review examines the various methods of creating starch-based CRFs, including coating, chemical modification, and grafting with other polymers. In addition, the mechanisms of controlled release in starch-based CRFs are discussed. Overall, the potential benefits of using starch-based CRFs in terms of resource efficiency and environmental protection are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badr-Eddine Channab
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse & Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, URAC 24, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan II, Casablanca B.P. 146, Morocco.
| | - Ayoub El Idrissi
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse & Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, URAC 24, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan II, Casablanca B.P. 146, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Zahouily
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse & Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, URAC 24, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan II, Casablanca B.P. 146, Morocco; Natural Resources Valorization Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research, Rabat, Morocco; Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Younes Essamlali
- Natural Resources Valorization Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research, Rabat, Morocco; Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States.
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3
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Zhou X, Xu D, Xu D, Yan Z, Zhang Z, Zhong B, Wang X. Solid-Liquid Phase Equilibrium of Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate and Agricultural Grade Ammonium Polyphosphate (Degree of Polymerization Ranging from 1 to 8) for Mixed Irrigation Strategy. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:35885-35900. [PMID: 36249349 PMCID: PMC9558714 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble ammonium polyphosphate (APP) has the advantages of good solubility and slow-release characteristics and has the potential to be used in combination with monoammonium phosphate (MAP) as a high phosphorus content slow-release fertilizer to improve the utilization rate of phosphorus during irrigation. Herein, the effects of the APP1 concentration and temperature (278.2-313.2 K) on the solubility of MAP, solution density, and pH value in the ternary equilibrium system (APP1-MAP-water) were measured. The simplified Apelblat model, two empirical polynomials, and rational two-dimensional functions can describe the experimental solubility data, solution density, and pH value well, respectively, with reliable modeling parameters (R 2 > 0.99). In the OptiMax1001 reactor, the focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM), the particle-view measurement (PVM), and the ReactIR 15 probes were used to observe and reverse verify that they can be synergistically codissolved to achieve economic efficiency. Basic thermodynamic data and models can guide their collaborative application in irrigation to improve the phosphorus utilization rate.
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4
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Giroto AS, do Valle SF, Guimarães GGF, Wuyts N, Ohrem B, Jablonowski ND, Ribeiro C, Mattoso LHC. Zinc loading in urea-formaldehyde nanocomposites increases nitrogen and zinc micronutrient fertilization efficiencies in poor sand substrate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 841:156688. [PMID: 35716738 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural output needs significant increases to feed the growing population. Fertilizers are essential for plant production systems, with nitrogen (N) being the most limiting nutrient for plant growth. It is commonly supplied to crops as urea. Still, due to volatilization, up to 50 % of the total N application is lost. Slow or controlled release fertilizers are being developed to reduce these losses. The co-application of zinc (Zn) as a micronutrient can increase N absorption. Thus, we hypothesize that the controlled delivery of both nutrients (N and Zn) in an integrated system can improve uptake efficiency. Here we demonstrate an optimized fertilizer nanocomposite based on urea:urea-formaldehyde matrix loaded with ZnSO4 or ZnO. This nanocomposite effectively stimulates maize development, with consequent adequate N uptake, in an extreme condition - a very nutrient-poor sand substrate. Our results indicate that the Zn co-application is beneficial for plant development. However, there were advantages for ZnO due to its high Zn content. We discuss that the dispersion favors the Zn delivery as the nanoparticulated oxide in the matrix. Concerning maize development, we found that root morphology is altered in the presence of the fertilizer nanocomposite. Increased root length and surface area may improve soil nutrient uptake, potentially accompanied by increased root exudation of essential compounds for N release from the composite structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda S Giroto
- Embrapa Instrumentação, National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA), XV Novembro Street, CP: 741, 13560-206 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Stella F do Valle
- Embrapa Instrumentação, National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA), XV Novembro Street, CP: 741, 13560-206 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Chemistry, Washington Luiz Highway, km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Gelton G F Guimarães
- Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina, 6800 Highway, Antônio Heil, Itajaí, Santa Catarina 88318112, Brazil
| | - Nathalie Wuyts
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Science, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Benedict Ohrem
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Science, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Nicolai D Jablonowski
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Science, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Caue Ribeiro
- Embrapa Instrumentação, National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA), XV Novembro Street, CP: 741, 13560-206 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Henrique C Mattoso
- Embrapa Instrumentação, National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA), XV Novembro Street, CP: 741, 13560-206 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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5
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Li J, Liu Y, Liu J, Cui X, Hou T, Cheng D. A novel synthetic slow release fertilizer with low energy production for efficient nutrient management. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 831:154844. [PMID: 35351509 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chemical synthetic slow release fertilizer had become a major breakthrough in the green fertilizer industry due to its superior nutrient management and degradation properties. However, the traditional chemical synthetic slow release fertilizers contain only nitrogen and consume high energy during drying. Herein, a low cost green chemical synthetic slow release fertilizer (PSRF/KCl) was prepared from urea, formaldehyde and diammonium phosphate by spray drying method. Compared with the traditional drying process, the comprehensive energy consumption is reduced by 38.13%. The SEM, FTIR, and TG characteristics of PSRF/KCl showed that it has excellent water solubility, special morphological characteristics and thermal properties. In addition, the application of PSRF/KCl in Chinese cabbage showed that PSRF/KCl could increase the yield by 26.2%. All the results showed that PSRF/KCl is a green chemical synthetic slow release fertilizer, which has broad application prospects in modern sustainable agriculture, and its matching spray drying process can effectively reduce production costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Wendeng Agricultural Bureau, Weihai 264400, Shandong, China
| | - Xian Cui
- Wendeng Agricultural Bureau, Weihai 264400, Shandong, China
| | - Tiandong Hou
- Shanghe Agricultural Bureau, Ji'nan 251699, Shandong, China
| | - Dongdong Cheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.
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6
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Qi X, Guo Y, Chen Q, Zhao X, Ao X. Preparation and performance of a kitchen waste oil‐modified polyvinyl alcohol‐grafted urea slow‐release fertilizer. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang China
| | - Yu Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang China
| | - Qianlin Chen
- Institute of Advanced Technology Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang China
| | - Xiaohan Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang China
| | - Xianquan Ao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang China
- Institute of Advanced Technology Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang China
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7
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Kassem I, Ablouh EH, El Bouchtaoui FZ, Kassab Z, Khouloud M, Sehaqui H, Ghalfi H, Alami J, El Achaby M. Cellulose nanocrystals-filled poly (vinyl alcohol) nanocomposites as waterborne coating materials of NPK fertilizer with slow release and water retention properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:1029-1042. [PMID: 34411612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Effective fertilizers management is essential for sustainable agricultural practices. One way to improve agronomic practices is by using slow-release fertilizers (SRF) that have shown interesting role in optimizing nutrients availability for plants growth. Considering the current ecological concerns, coated SRF using ecofriendly materials continue to attract great attention. In this context, novel waterborne and biodegradable coating nanocomposite formulations were elaborated from cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-filled poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) for slow release NPK fertilizer with water retention property. CNC were extracted from hemp stalks using sulfuric acid hydrolysis process and their physico-chemical characteristics were investigated. CNC with various weight loadings (6, 10, 14.5 wt%) were incorporated into PVA polymer via solvent mixing method to produce viscous coating nanocomposite formulations with moderated shear viscosity. Uniform PVA@CNC coating microlayer was applied on the surface of NPK fertilizer granules in Wurster chamber of a fluidized bed dryer at controlled spraying and drying parameters. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium release profiles from coated NPK fertilizer were determined in water and soil. It was found that the coating materials extended the N-P-K nutrients release time from 3 days for uncoated fertilizer to 10 and 30 days for neat PVA- and CNC/PVA-coated fertilizer in soil medium, indicating the positive role of the presence of CNC in the PVA-based coatings. The morphology, coating rate and crushing strength of the as-prepared coated products were investigated in addition to their effect on water holding capacity and water retention of the soil. Enhanced crushing strength and water retention with a positive effect on the soil moisture were observed after coating NPK fertilizer, mainly with high CNC content (14.5 wt%). Therefore, these proposed nanocomposite coating materials showed a great potential for producing a new class of SRF with high nutrients use efficiency and water retention capacity, which could be beneficial to sustainable crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsane Kassem
- Materials Science, Energy and Nanoengineering Department (MSN), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguerir 43150, Morocco
| | - El-Houssaine Ablouh
- Materials Science, Energy and Nanoengineering Department (MSN), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguerir 43150, Morocco.
| | - Fatima-Zahra El Bouchtaoui
- Materials Science, Energy and Nanoengineering Department (MSN), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Zineb Kassab
- Materials Science, Energy and Nanoengineering Department (MSN), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Mehdi Khouloud
- Chemical & Biochemical Sciences-Green Process Engineering (CBS-GPE), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, OCP Jorf Lasfar Industrial Complex, P.O. Box 118, El Jadida 24025, Morocco
| | - Houssine Sehaqui
- Materials Science, Energy and Nanoengineering Department (MSN), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Hakim Ghalfi
- Innovation OCP, OCP Jorf Lasfar Industrial Complex, P.O. Box 118, El Jadida 24025, Morocco
| | - Jones Alami
- Materials Science, Energy and Nanoengineering Department (MSN), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Mounir El Achaby
- Materials Science, Energy and Nanoengineering Department (MSN), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguerir 43150, Morocco.
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8
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Giroto AS, do Valle SF, Guimarães GGF, Jablonowski ND, Ribeiro C, Mattoso LHC. Different Zn loading in Urea-Formaldehyde influences the N controlled release by structure modification. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7621. [PMID: 33828167 PMCID: PMC8027403 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87112-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen fertilization has been a critical factor for high crop productivity, where urea is currently the most used N source due to its high concentration and affordability. Nevertheless, urea fast solubilization leads to frequent losses and lower agronomic efficiency. The modification of urea structure by condensation with formaldehyde has been proposed to improve nutrient uptake by plants and to reduce environmental losses. Herein we show that the co-formulation with Zn strongly modifies the N release (in lab conditions) and, more important, the Zn source—ZnSO4 or ZnO—has a critical role. Urea–formaldehyde (UF) served as a matrix for the zinc sources, and chemical characterizations revealed that Zn particles influenced the length of the polymeric chain formation. Release tests in an aqueous medium showed that the UF matrix favors ZnO release and, on the other hand, delays ZnSO4 delivery. Soil incubation with the fertilizer composites proved the slow-release of N from UF, is ideal for optimizing nutritional efficiency. Our results indicated that the ZnO-UF system has beneficial effects for both nutrients, i.e., reduces N volatilization and increases Zn release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda S Giroto
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, XV Novembro Street, CP: 741, São Carlos, SP, 13560-206, Brazil
| | - Stella F do Valle
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, XV Novembro Street, CP: 741, São Carlos, SP, 13560-206, Brazil.,Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Washington Luiz Highway, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Gelton G F Guimarães
- Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina, 6800 Highway, Antônio Heil, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, 88318112, Brazil
| | - Nicolai D Jablonowski
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Science, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Caue Ribeiro
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, XV Novembro Street, CP: 741, São Carlos, SP, 13560-206, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Henrique C Mattoso
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, XV Novembro Street, CP: 741, São Carlos, SP, 13560-206, Brazil
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Zhang W, Xiang Y, Fan H, Wang L, Xie Y, Zhao G, Liu Y. Biodegradable Urea-Formaldehyde/PBS and Its Ternary Nanocomposite Prepared by a Novel and Scalable Reactive Extrusion Process for Slow-Release Applications in Agriculture. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:4595-4606. [PMID: 32212653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Novel binary composite urea-formaldehyde/poly(butylene succinate) (UF/PBS) and its ternary nanocomposite UF/PBS/potassium dihydrogen phosphate (MKP) were prepared by a simple and scalable reactive extrusion approach using methylolurea (MU), PBS, and MKP as the raw materials. The results show that MUs react by melt polycondensation to form UFs with different polymerization degrees at the high temperature in the extruder, giving the two polymer components molecular segment-scale mixing in composites. Meanwhile, MKPs dissolved in the water generated by the melt polycondensation are perfectly confined to the nanometer scale during their precipitation process in ternary composites due to the hydrogen bonding interactions between them and UF and the "cage effect" of UF and PBS macromolecule chains. Both composites have excellent processability, mechanical properties, and slow-release performances. Compared with UF prepared by direct synthesis or reactive extrusion, N release speeds of the two composites are much lower in the early incubation stage but much higher in the subsequent stages; ternary composites can also impart MKP with excellent slow-release properties. This study can provide a good feasibility for large-scale applications of UF-based or PBS-based composites and nanocomposites used as slow-release fertilizers or other products in agriculture or horticulture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Hairui Fan
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Yifei Xie
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Guizhe Zhao
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Yaqing Liu
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
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10
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Structures, Properties and Potential Applications of Corncob Residue Modified by Carboxymethylation. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12030638. [PMID: 32168912 PMCID: PMC7183323 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, corncob residue (CR) valorization was simply and efficiently realized via carboxymethylation, and its enhanced performance as fillers in urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin was investigated. The structures of corncob residue and carboxymethylated derivative were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman techniques, respectively. The thermal stability, morphology, viscosity control, and adhesive strength were then investigated to evaluate its performance as fillers in UF resin composite. Similar to commercial flour, carboxymethylated CR could effectively disperse in UF resin. It also exhibited a better initial viscosity control between 30 and 50 °C. The adhesive test analysis showed that the shear strength of resin with carboxymethylated CR addition could reach 1.04 MPa, which was comparable to flour (0.99 MPa) and significantly higher than raw CR (0.45 MPa). Moreover, a low formaldehyde emission was observed.
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11
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Zhang Q, Zhang M, Shi H, Li Z, Yu L, Li X, Zhang Z, Wu Z. Enhancing flame retardance of epoxy resin by incorporation into ammonium polyphosphate/boron nitride nanosheets/zinc ferrite three‐dimensional porous aerogel via vacuum‐assisted infiltration. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoran Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid NanomaterialsHenan University Kaifeng 475004 People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid NanomaterialsHenan University Kaifeng 475004 People's Republic of China
| | - Huili Shi
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid NanomaterialsHenan University Kaifeng 475004 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid NanomaterialsHenan University Kaifeng 475004 People's Republic of China
| | - Laigui Yu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid NanomaterialsHenan University Kaifeng 475004 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid NanomaterialsHenan University Kaifeng 475004 People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials Xinxiang 453007 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid NanomaterialsHenan University Kaifeng 475004 People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Motive Power and Key Materials Xinxiang 453007 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhishen Wu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid NanomaterialsHenan University Kaifeng 475004 People's Republic of China
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12
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Nayak M, Swain DK, Sen R. Strategic valorization of de-oiled microalgal biomass waste as biofertilizer for sustainable and improved agriculture of rice (Oryza sativa L.) crop. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 682:475-484. [PMID: 31128367 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Intensive use of chemical fertilizer results in environmental pollution that disturbs the local ecosystem and causes reduction in the long-term crop yield. There is a need to explore the alternative source of plant nutrition such as de-oiled microalgal biomass as biofertilizer for sustainable production of food crops in a relatively pollution free environment. This study reports sustainable and improved agriculture of rice crop (cv. IR 36) by valorizing de-oiled microalgal biomass waste (DOMBW) of Scenedesmus sp., as eco-friendly fertilizer. The microalga (MA) was cultivated in open raceway pond using wastewater and flue gas. Performance evaluation and comparison of DOMBW with respect to growth and yield of rice plants vis-à-vis commercial chemical fertilizers (CF) and vermicompost (VC) applied individually or together, established the superiority of the former. The experiment comprised of five nutrient management treatments (CF100, VC100, MA100, MA50+CF50, and MA50+VC50) meeting 100% nitrogen (N) recommendation either through a single source or combined application in the soil. Combining the application of microalgal based organic fertilizer with chemical fertilizer (MA50+CF50), showed the highest performance in terms of plant height, tiller number, biomass, and grain yield. At the harvest stage, MA50+CF50 also resulted in maximum plant dry weight, panicle weight, and 1000-grain weight in comparison to other treatments. This study revealed that the application of DOMBW as a biofertilizer is potentially sustainable and effective in improving the yields of rice crop with reduced use of chemical fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoranjan Nayak
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
| | - Dillip Kumar Swain
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
| | - Ramkrishna Sen
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
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Abstract
Wood flour particleboards (WFP), like other wood-based items, require the addition of fire retardants (FRs) to reduce their high flammability. In this work, a waste lignosulfonate (CaLS) from paper mill is used as a low-cost FR to reduce WFP flammability. CaLS is purified by dialysis and the dialysed lignosulfonate (LD) is used, alone or combined with ammonium polyphosphate (APP), as a FR additive in the preparation of urea-formaldehyde WFP. The fire behaviour of the modified WFPs is studied by cone calorimetry. The use of 15 wt.% LD reduces the peak of heat release rate (HRR) and total smoke production by 25%, also increasing char formation. HRR peak is further reduced up to 40%, if APP is introduced in the formulation. This work discloses a viable and cost-effective strategy for improving the fire retardancy performance of WFP by partial replacement of a commercial FR with a fully renewable additive, isolated through a green and cost-effective process.
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Song J, Zhao H, Zhao G, Xiang Y, Liu Y. Novel Semi-IPN Nanocomposites with Functions of both Nutrient Slow-Release and Water Retention. 1. Microscopic Structure, Water Absorbency, and Degradation Performance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7587-7597. [PMID: 31199651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have been conducted on the use of general nanotechnology-based principles for providing nutrients to crops. Water and fertilizer are the most important inputs in determining crop yield and profit. In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. The maximum water absorption ratios of SAPWS, SAPHEC, SI-PSRF/SAPWS, and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC can reach 200.00 g/g, 240.00 g/g, 119.91g/g, and 127.43 g/g, respectively. Effects of the structures of these four materials on their degradation performances were studied via a tomato pot experiment. The changes in microstructures of these materials during the degradation processes were characterized by TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, XPS, and other techniques. Results show that the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system is higher than that of SAP+PSRF (the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP). Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Song
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , North University of China , Taiyuan 030051 , China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province , North University of China , Taiyuan 030051 , China
| | - Haidong Zhao
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , North University of China , Taiyuan 030051 , China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province , North University of China , Taiyuan 030051 , China
| | - Guizhe Zhao
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , North University of China , Taiyuan 030051 , China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province , North University of China , Taiyuan 030051 , China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , North University of China , Taiyuan 030051 , China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province , North University of China , Taiyuan 030051 , China
| | - Yaqing Liu
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , North University of China , Taiyuan 030051 , China
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province , North University of China , Taiyuan 030051 , China
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