1
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Vu N, Mejia-Rodriguez D, Bauman NP, Panyala A, Mutlu E, Govind N, Foley JJ. Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics Complete Active Space Configuration Interaction Theory. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:1214-1227. [PMID: 38291561 PMCID: PMC10876286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c01207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Polariton chemistry has attracted great attention as a potential route to modify chemical structure, properties, and reactivity through strong interactions among molecular electronic, vibrational, or rovibrational degrees of freedom. A rigorous theoretical treatment of molecular polaritons requires the treatment of matter and photon degrees of freedom on equal quantum mechanical footing. In the limit of molecular electronic strong or ultrastrong coupling to one or a few molecules, it is desirable to treat the molecular electronic degrees of freedom using the tools of ab initio quantum chemistry, yielding an approach we refer to as ab initio cavity quantum electrodynamics, where the photon degrees of freedom are treated at the level of cavity quantum electrodynamics. Here, we present an approach called Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics Complete Active Space Configuration Interaction theory to provide ground- and excited-state polaritonic surfaces with a balanced description of strong correlation effects among electronic and photonic degrees of freedom. This method provides a platform for ab initio cavity quantum electrodynamics when both strong electron correlation and strong light-matter coupling are important and is an important step toward computational approaches that yield multiple polaritonic potential energy surfaces and couplings that can be leveraged for ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of polariton chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Vu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina
Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Daniel Mejia-Rodriguez
- Physical
and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Nicholas P. Bauman
- Physical
and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Ajay Panyala
- Physical
and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Erdal Mutlu
- Physical
and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical
and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Jonathan J. Foley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina
Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
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2
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Rana B, Hohenstein EG, Martínez TJ. Simulating the Excited-State Dynamics of Polaritons with Ab Initio Multiple Spawning. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:139-151. [PMID: 38110364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, there has been a growth of interest in polaritonic chemistry, where the formation of hybrid light-matter states (polaritons) can alter the course of photochemical reactions. These hybrid states are created by strong coupling between molecules and photons in resonant optical cavities and can even occur in the absence of light when the molecule is strongly coupled with the electromagnetic fluctuations of the vacuum field. We present a first-principles model to simulate nonadiabatic dynamics of such polaritonic states inside optical cavities by leveraging graphical processing units (GPUs). Our first implementation of this model is specialized for a single molecule coupled to a single-photon mode confined inside the optical cavity but with any number of excited states computed using complete active space configuration interaction (CASCI) and a Jaynes-Cummings-type Hamiltonian. Using this model, we have simulated the excited-state dynamics of a single salicylideneaniline (SA) molecule strongly coupled to a cavity photon with the ab initio multiple spawning (AIMS) method. We demonstrate how the branching ratios of the photodeactivation pathways for this molecule can be manipulated by coupling to the cavity. We also show how one can stop the photoreaction from happening inside of an optical cavity. Finally, we also investigate cavity-based control of the ordering of two excited states (one optically bright and the other optically dark) inside a cavity for a set of molecules, where the dark and bright states are close in energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Rana
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Edward G Hohenstein
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Todd J Martínez
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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3
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Rizo L, Janesko BG. Reimagining the Wave Function in Density Functional Theory: Exploring Strongly Correlated States in Pancake-Bonded Radical Dimers. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:3684-3691. [PMID: 37053451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c08616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Pancake bonding between π-conjugated radicals challenges conventional electronic structure approximations, due to the presence of both dispersion (van der Waals) interactions and "strong" electron correlation. Here we use a reimagined wave function-in-density functional theory (DFT) approach to model pancake bonds. Our generalized self-interaction correction extends DFT's reference system of noninteracting electrons, by introducing electron-electron interactions within an active space. We show that a small variation on our previous derivation recovers a DFT-corrected complete active space method proposed by Pijeau and Hohenstein. Comparison of the two approaches shows that the latter provides reasonable dissociation curves for single bonds and pancake bonds, including excited states inaccessible to conventional linear response time-dependent DFT. The results motivate broader adoption of wavefunction-in-DFT approaches for modeling pancake bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Rizo
- Intense Laser Physics Theory Unit, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790, United States
| | - Benjamin G Janesko
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2800 S. University Drive, Fort Worth, Texas 75039, United States
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4
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Levine BG, Durden AS, Esch MP, Liang F, Shu Y. CAS without SCF-Why to use CASCI and where to get the orbitals. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:090902. [PMID: 33685182 DOI: 10.1063/5.0042147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) method has seen broad adoption due to its ability to describe the electronic structure of both the ground and excited states of molecules over a broader swath of the potential energy surface than is possible with the simpler Hartree-Fock approximation. However, it also has a reputation for being unwieldy, computationally costly, and un-black-box. Here, we discuss a class of alternatives, complete active space configuration interaction (CASCI) methods, paying particular attention to their application to electronic excited states. The goal of this Perspective is fourfold. First, we argue that CASCI is not merely an approximation to CASSCF, in that it can be designed to have important qualitative advantages over CASSCF. Second, we present several insights drawn from our experience experimenting with different schemes for computing orbitals to be employed in CASCI. Third, we argue that CASCI is well suited for application to nanomaterials. Finally, we reason that, with the rise in new low-scaling approaches for describing multireference systems, there is a greater need than ever to develop new methods for defining orbitals that provide an efficient and accurate description of both static correlation and electronic excitations in a limited active space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G Levine
- Institute for Advanced Computational Science and Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Andrew S Durden
- Institute for Advanced Computational Science and Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Michael P Esch
- Institute for Advanced Computational Science and Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Fangchun Liang
- Institute for Advanced Computational Science and Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Yinan Shu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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5
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Chaudhuri RK, Chattopadhyay S. Description of the Methylene Amidogene Radical and Its Anion with an Economical Treatment of Correlation Effects Using Density Functional Theory Orbitals. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:543-558. [PMID: 33417452 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c08635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ground and low-lying excited state electronic structural properties (such as equilibrium geometries, harmonic frequencies, excitation energies, barrier energy, and so on) of the methylene amidogene radical (H2CN) and its anion (H2CN-) have been studied using the CASCI (complete active space configuration interaction) and SSMRPT (state-specific multireference Møller-Plesset perturbation theory) methods with density function theory (DFT) orbitals. Here, the span of the active orbitals have been obtained from Kohn-Sham DFT using B3LYP exchange-correlation functionals in the CASCI (DFT-CASCI) approximation to describe nondynamic correlation associated with electronic degeneracies. The DFT-SSMRPT protocol provides an attractive way to deal with both dynamical and nondynamical correlation effects in strongly correlated systems such as H2CN and H2CN-. The present work clearly indicates that the electronic absorption band near 35,050 cm-1 corresponds to the B̃2A1 ← X̃2B2 transition. DFT-SSMRPT findings are in close agreement with high-level theoretical estimates. It is concluded that the transition at 1725 cm-1 could be due to the CN stretching of the trans-HCNH isomer which is originally assigned to the CN stretch of H2CN in the experiment. The present results confirm most of the previous vibrational assignments. It is not possible to definitively assign a transition to the 35,600 cm-1 band with the present estimations, suggesting further experiment is urgently called for.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sudip Chattopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, India
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6
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Seritan S, Bannwarth C, Fales BS, Hohenstein EG, Isborn CM, Kokkila‐Schumacher SIL, Li X, Liu F, Luehr N, Snyder JW, Song C, Titov AV, Ufimtsev IS, Wang L, Martínez TJ. TeraChem
: A graphical processing unit
‐accelerated
electronic structure package for
large‐scale
ab initio molecular dynamics. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Seritan
- Department of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute Stanford University Stanford California USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California USA
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Department of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute Stanford University Stanford California USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California USA
| | - Bryan S. Fales
- Department of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute Stanford University Stanford California USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California USA
| | - Edward G. Hohenstein
- Department of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute Stanford University Stanford California USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California USA
| | - Christine M. Isborn
- Department of Chemistry University of California Merced Merced California USA
| | | | - Xin Li
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | | | | | - Chenchen Song
- Department of Physics University of California Berkeley Berkeley California USA
- Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
| | | | - Ivan S. Ufimtsev
- Department of Structural Biology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California USA
| | - Lee‐Ping Wang
- Department of Chemistry University of California Davis Davis California USA
| | - Todd J. Martínez
- Department of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute Stanford University Stanford California USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California USA
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7
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Bannwarth C, Yu JK, Hohenstein EG, Martínez TJ. Hole-hole Tamm-Dancoff-approximated density functional theory: A highly efficient electronic structure method incorporating dynamic and static correlation. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:024110. [PMID: 32668944 DOI: 10.1063/5.0003985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of photochemical reaction dynamics requires accurate as well as computationally efficient electronic structure methods for the ground and excited states. While time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) is not able to capture static correlation, complete active space self-consistent field methods neglect much of the dynamic correlation. Hence, inexpensive methods that encompass both static and dynamic electron correlation effects are of high interest. Here, we revisit hole-hole Tamm-Dancoff approximated (hh-TDA) density functional theory for this purpose. The hh-TDA method is the hole-hole counterpart to the more established particle-particle TDA (pp-TDA) method, both of which are derived from the particle-particle random phase approximation (pp-RPA). In hh-TDA, the N-electron electronic states are obtained through double annihilations starting from a doubly anionic (N+2 electron) reference state. In this way, hh-TDA treats ground and excited states on equal footing, thus allowing for conical intersections to be correctly described. The treatment of dynamic correlation is introduced through the use of commonly employed density functional approximations to the exchange-correlation potential. We show that hh-TDA is a promising candidate to efficiently treat the photochemistry of organic and biochemical systems that involve several low-lying excited states-particularly those with both low-lying ππ* and nπ* states where inclusion of dynamic correlation is essential to describe the relative energetics. In contrast to the existing literature on pp-TDA and pp-RPA, we employ a functional-dependent choice for the response kernel in pp- and hh-TDA, which closely resembles the response kernels occurring in linear response and collinear spin-flip TDDFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bannwarth
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Jimmy K Yu
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Edward G Hohenstein
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Todd J Martínez
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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8
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Manna S, Chaudhuri RK, Chattopadhyay S. Taming the excited states of butadiene, hexatriene, and octatetraene using state specific multireference perturbation theory with density functional theory orbitals. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:244105. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0007198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shovan Manna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, India
| | | | - Sudip Chattopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, India
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9
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Salvitti G, Negri F, Pérez-Jiménez ÁJ, San-Fabián E, Casanova D, Sancho-García JC. Investigating the (Poly)Radicaloid Nature of Real-World Organic Compounds with DFT-Based Methods. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:3590-3600. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c01239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Salvitti
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Alicante, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, IT-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Negri
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, IT-40126 Bologna, Italy
- INSTM UdR Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Emilio San-Fabián
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Alicante, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - David Casanova
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), E-20018 Donostia, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48013 Bilbao, Spain
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10
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Sayfutyarova ER, Hammes-Schiffer S. Substituent Effects on Photochemistry of Anthracene-Phenol-Pyridine Triads Revealed by Multireference Calculations. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 142:487-494. [PMID: 31846322 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Inverted region behavior for concerted proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) was recently demonstrated for biomimetic anthracene-phenol-pyridine molecular triads. Photoexcitation of the anthracene to a locally excited state (LES) is followed by concerted electron transfer from the phenol to the anthracene and proton transfer from the phenol to the pyridine, forming a relatively long-lived charge separated state (CSS). The long-lived CSS and the inverted region behavior associated with the decay from the CSS to the ground state through charge recombination were experimentally observed only for triads with certain substituents on the anthracene and the pyridine. To explain this distinction, we computed the proton potential energy curves in four substituted triads using the complete active space self-consistent-field method and multireference perturbation theory, including solvent effects with a dielectric continuum model. The calculations revealed a local electron-proton transfer (LEPT) state, in which both the electron and proton transfer from the phenol to the pyridine. When the LEPT state is lower in energy than the CSS, it may provide an alternative pathway for fast decay from the LES to the ground state and thereby preclude detection of the CSS and the inverted region behavior. These calculations predict that substituents stabilizing negative charge on the pyridine and destabilizing negative charge on the anthracene will favor the LEPT pathway, while substituents with the reverse effects will favor the CSS pathway, which could exhibit inverted region behavior. These insights about the stabilization of energy-storing charge-separated states have implications for designing and controlling PCET reactions in artificial photosynthetic systems and other energy conversion processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira R Sayfutyarova
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , 225 Prospect Street , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
| | - Sharon Hammes-Schiffer
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , 225 Prospect Street , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
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11
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Levine BG, Esch MP, Fales BS, Hardwick DT, Peng WT, Shu Y. Conical Intersections at the Nanoscale: Molecular Ideas for Materials. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2019; 70:21-43. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-042018-052425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The ability to predict and describe nonradiative processes in molecules via the identification and characterization of conical intersections is one of the greatest recent successes of theoretical chemistry. Only recently, however, has this concept been extended to materials science, where nonradiative recombination limits the efficiencies of materials for various optoelectronic applications. In this review, we present recent advances in the theoretical study of conical intersections in semiconductor nanomaterials. After briefly introducing conical intersections, we argue that specific defects in materials can induce conical intersections between the ground and first excited electronic states, thus introducing pathways for nonradiative recombination. We present recent developments in theoretical methods, computational tools, and chemical intuition for the prediction of such defect-induced conical intersections. Through examples in various nanomaterials, we illustrate the significance of conical intersections for nanoscience. We also discuss challenges facing research in this area and opportunities for progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G. Levine
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Michael P. Esch
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - B. Scott Fales
- Department of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Dylan T. Hardwick
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Wei-Tao Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Yinan Shu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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12
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Levine BG, Peng WT, Esch MP. Locality of conical intersections in semiconductor nanomaterials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:10870-10878. [PMID: 31106323 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01584a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A predictive theory connecting atomic structure to the rate of recombination would enable the rational design of semiconductor nanomaterials for optoelectronic applications. Recently our group has demonstrated that the theoretical study of conical intersections can serve this purpose. Here we review recent work in this area, focusing on the thesis that low-energy conical intersections in nanomaterials share a common feature: locality. We define a conical intersection as local if (a) the intersecting states differ by the excitation of an electron between spatially local orbitals, and (b) the intersection is accessed when the energies of these orbitals are tuned by local distortions of the geometry. After illustrating the locality of the conical intersection responsible for recombination at dangling bond defects in silicon, we demonstrate the locality of low-energy conical intersections in cases where locality may be a surprise. First, we demonstrate the locality of low-energy self-trapped conical intersections in a pristine silicon nanocrystal, which has no defects that one would expect to serve as the center of a local intersection. Second, we demonstrate that the lowest energy intersection in a silicon system with two neighboring dangling bond defects localizes to a single defect site. We discuss the profound implications of locality for predicting the rate of recombination and suggest that the locality of intersections could be exploited in the experimental study of recombination, where spectroscopic studies of molecular models of defects could provide new insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G Levine
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Wei-Tao Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Michael P Esch
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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14
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Ghosh S, Verma P, Cramer CJ, Gagliardi L, Truhlar DG. Combining Wave Function Methods with Density Functional Theory for Excited States. Chem Rev 2018; 118:7249-7292. [PMID: 30044618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We review state-of-the-art electronic structure methods based both on wave function theory (WFT) and density functional theory (DFT). Strengths and limitations of both the wave function and density functional based approaches are discussed, and modern attempts to combine these two methods are presented. The challenges in modeling excited-state chemistry using both single-reference and multireference methods are described. Topics covered include background, combining density functional theory with single-configuration wave function theory, generalized Kohn-Sham (KS) theory, global hybrids, range-separated hybrids, local hybrids, using KS orbitals in many-body theory (including calculations of the self-energy and the GW approximation), Bethe-Salpeter equation, algorithms to accelerate GW calculations, combining DFT with multiconfigurational WFT, orbital-dependent correlation functionals based on multiconfigurational WFT, building multiconfigurational wave functions from KS configurations, adding correlation functionals to multiconfiguration self-consistent-field (MCSCF) energies, combining DFT with configuration-interaction singles by means of time-dependent DFT, using range separation to combine DFT with MCSCF, embedding multiconfigurational WFT in DFT, and multiconfiguration pair-density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455-0431 , United States
| | - Pragya Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455-0431 , United States
| | - Christopher J Cramer
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455-0431 , United States
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455-0431 , United States
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455-0431 , United States
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15
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Sand AM, Hoyer CE, Truhlar DG, Gagliardi L. State-interaction pair-density functional theory. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:024106. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5036727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Sand
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and The Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, The University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, USA
| | - Chad E. Hoyer
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and The Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, The University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, USA
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and The Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, The University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, USA
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and The Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, The University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, USA
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16
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Snyder JW, Fales BS, Hohenstein EG, Levine BG, Martínez TJ. A direct-compatible formulation of the coupled perturbed complete active space self-consistent field equations on graphical processing units. J Chem Phys 2018; 146:174113. [PMID: 28477593 DOI: 10.1063/1.4979844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently developed an algorithm to compute response properties for the state-averaged complete active space self-consistent field method (SA-CASSCF) that capitalized on sparsity in the atomic orbital basis. Our original algorithm was limited to treating small to moderate sized active spaces, but the recent development of graphical processing unit (GPU) based direct-configuration interaction algorithms provides an opportunity to extend this to large active spaces. We present here a direct-compatible version of the coupled perturbed equations, enabling us to compute response properties for systems treated with arbitrary active spaces (subject to available memory and computation time). This work demonstrates that the computationally demanding portions of the SA-CASSCF method can be formulated in terms of seven fundamental operations, including Coulomb and exchange matrix builds and their derivatives, as well as, generalized one- and two-particle density matrix and σ vector constructions. As in our previous work, this algorithm exhibits low computational scaling and is accelerated by the use of GPUs, making possible optimizations and nonadiabatic dynamics on systems with O(1000) basis functions and O(100) atoms, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Snyder
- Department of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - B Scott Fales
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Edward G Hohenstein
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
| | - Benjamin G Levine
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Todd J Martínez
- Department of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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17
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Pijeau S, Foster D, Hohenstein EG. Effect of Nonplanarity on Excited-State Proton Transfer and Internal Conversion in Salicylideneaniline. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:5555-5562. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b02426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiela Pijeau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Donneille Foster
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Edward G. Hohenstein
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
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18
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Suchan J, Hollas D, Curchod BFE, Slavíček P. On the importance of initial conditions for excited-state dynamics. Faraday Discuss 2018; 212:307-330. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fd00088c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The vast majority of ab initio excited-state simulations are performed within semiclassical, trajectory-based approaches. Apart from the underlying electronic-structure theory, the reliability of the simulations is controlled by a selection of initial conditions for the classical trajectories. We discuss appropriate choices of initial conditions for simulations of different experimental arrangements: dynamics initiated by continuum-wave (CW) laser fields or triggered by ultrashort laser pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Suchan
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague
- 16628 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Hollas
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague
- 16628 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | | | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague
- 16628 Prague
- Czech Republic
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19
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Pérez-Guardiola A, Sandoval-Salinas ME, Casanova D, San-Fabián E, Pérez-Jiménez AJ, Sancho-García JC. The role of topology in organic molecules: origin and comparison of the radical character in linear and cyclic oligoacenes and related oligomers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:7112-7124. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00135a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We discuss the nature of electron-correlation effects in carbon nanorings and nanobelts by a combined approach based on FT-DFT and RAS-SF methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Pérez-Guardiola
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- University of Alicante
- E-03080 Alicante
- Spain
| | - M. E. Sandoval-Salinas
- Departament de Ciéncia de Materials i Química Física
- Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB)
- Universitat de Barcelona
- E-08028 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - D. Casanova
- Kimika Fakultatea
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- E-20018 Donostia
- Spain
- IKERBASQUE
| | - E. San-Fabián
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- University of Alicante
- E-03080 Alicante
- Spain
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20
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Hollas D, Šištík L, Hohenstein EG, Martínez TJ, Slavíček P. Nonadiabatic Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics with the Floating Occupation Molecular Orbital-Complete Active Space Configuration Interaction Method. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 14:339-350. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hollas
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Šištík
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Edward G. Hohenstein
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- PhD
Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Todd J. Martínez
- Department
of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
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21
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Fales BS, Shu Y, Levine BG, Hohenstein EG. Complete active space configuration interaction from state-averaged configuration interaction singles natural orbitals: Analytic first derivatives and derivative coupling vectors. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:094104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5000476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B. Scott Fales
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Yinan Shu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Benjamin G. Levine
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Edward G. Hohenstein
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, USA
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22
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Shu Y, Fales BS, Peng WT, Levine BG. Understanding Nonradiative Recombination through Defect-Induced Conical Intersections. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:4091-4099. [PMID: 28799771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Defects are known to introduce pathways for the nonradiative recombination of electronic excitations in semiconductors, but implicating a specific defect as a nonradiative center remains challenging for both experiment and theory. In this Perspective, we present recent progress toward this goal involving the identification and characterization of defect-induced conical intersections (DICIs), points of degeneracy between the ground and first excited electronic states of semiconductor materials that arise from the deformation of specific defects. Analysis of DICIs does not require the assumption of weak correlation between the electron and hole nor of stationary nuclei. It is demonstrated that in some cases an energetically accessible DICI is present even when no midgap state is predicted by single-particle theories (e.g., density functional theory). We review recent theoretical and computational developments that enable the location of DICIs in semiconductor nanomaterials and present insights into the photoluminescence of silicon nanocrystals gleaned from DICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Shu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - B Scott Fales
- Department of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Wei-Tao Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Benjamin G Levine
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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23
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Pijeau S, Foster D, Hohenstein EG. Excited-State Dynamics of a Benzotriazole Photostabilizer: 2-(2′-Hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl)benzotriazole. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:6377-6387. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b04504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiela Pijeau
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Donneille Foster
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Edward G. Hohenstein
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Ph.D.
Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
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24
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Pijeau S, Foster D, Hohenstein EG. Excited-State Dynamics of 2-(2′-Hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole: Ultrafast Proton Transfer and Internal Conversion. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:4595-4605. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b01215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiela Pijeau
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Donneille Foster
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Edward G. Hohenstein
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Ph.D.
Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
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