Symons BCB, Bane MK, Popelier PLA. DL_FFLUX: A Parallel, Quantum Chemical Topology Force Field.
J Chem Theory Comput 2021;
17:7043-7055. [PMID:
34617748 PMCID:
PMC8582247 DOI:
10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00595]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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DL_FFLUX is a force
field based on quantum chemical topology that
can perform molecular dynamics for flexible molecules endowed with
polarizable atomic multipole moments (up to hexadecapole). Using the
machine learning method kriging (aka Gaussian process regression),
DL_FFLUX has access to atomic properties (energy, charge, dipole moment,
etc.) with quantum mechanical accuracy. Newly optimized and parallelized
using domain decomposition Message Passing Interface (MPI), DL_FFLUX
is now able to deliver this rigorous methodology at scale while still
in reasonable time frames. DL_FFLUX is delivered as an add-on to the
widely distributed molecular dynamics code DL_POLY 4.08. For the systems
studied here (103–105 atoms), DL_FFLUX
is shown to add minimal computational cost to the standard DL_POLY
package. In fact, the optimization of the electrostatics in DL_FFLUX
means that, when high-rank multipole moments are enabled, DL_FFLUX
is up to 1.25× faster than standard DL_POLY. The parallel DL_FFLUX
preserves the quality of the scaling of MPI implementation in standard
DL_POLY. For the first time, it is feasible to use the full capability
of DL_FFLUX to study systems that are large enough to be of real-world
interest. For example, a fully flexible, high-rank polarized (up to
and including quadrupole moments) 1 ns simulation of a system of 10 125
atoms (3375 water molecules) takes 30 h (wall time) on 18 cores.
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