1
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Taylor JT, Tozer DJ, Curchod BFE. On the description of conical intersections between excited electronic states with LR-TDDFT and ADC(2). J Chem Phys 2023; 159:214115. [PMID: 38059547 DOI: 10.1063/5.0176140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Conical intersections constitute the conceptual bedrock of our working understanding of ultrafast, nonadiabatic processes within photochemistry (and photophysics). Accurate calculation of potential energy surfaces within the vicinity of conical intersections, however, still poses a serious challenge to many popular electronic structure methods. Multiple works have reported on the deficiency of methods like linear-response time-dependent density functional theory within the adiabatic approximation (AA LR-TDDFT) or algebraic diagrammatic construction to second-order [ADC(2)]-approaches often used in excited-state molecular dynamics simulations-to describe conical intersections between the ground and excited electronic states. In the present study, we focus our attention on conical intersections between excited electronic states and probe the ability of AA LR-TDDFT and ADC(2) to describe their topology and topography, using protonated formaldimine and pyrazine as two exemplar molecules. We also take the opportunity to revisit the performance of these methods in describing conical intersections involving the ground electronic state in protonated formaldimine-highlighting in particular how the intersection ring exhibited by AA LR-TDDFT can be perceived either as a (near-to-linear) seam of intersection or two interpenetrating cones, depending on the magnitude of molecular distortions within the branching space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack T Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - David J Tozer
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Basile F E Curchod
- Centre for Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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2
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Barneschi L, Kaliakin D, Huix-Rotllant M, Ferré N, Filatov Gulak M, Olivucci M. Assessment of the Electron Correlation Treatment on the Quantum-Classical Dynamics of Retinal Protonated Schiff Base Models: XMS-CASPT2, RMS-CASPT2, and REKS Methods. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:8189-8200. [PMID: 37937990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
We compare the performance of three different multiconfigurational wave function-based electronic structure methods and two implementations of the spin-restricted ensemble-referenced Kohn-Sham (REKS) method. The study is characterized by three features: (i) it uses a small set of quantum-classical trajectories rather than potential energy surface mapping, (ii) it focuses, exclusively, on the photoisomerization of retinal protonated Schiff base models, and (iii) it probes the effect of both methyl substitution and the increase in length of the conjugate π-system. For each tested method, the corresponding analytical gradients are used to drive the quantum-classical (Tully's FSSH method) trajectory propagation, including the recent multistate XMS-CASPT2 and RMS-CASPT2 gradients. It is shown that while CASSCF, XMS-CASPT2, and RMS-CASPT2 yield consistent photoisomerization dynamics descriptions, REKS produces, in some of these systems, qualitatively different behavior that is attributed to a flatter and topographically different excited state potential energy surface. The origin of this behavior can be traced back to the effect of the employed density functional approximation. The above studies are further expanded by benchmarking, at the CASSCF and REKS levels, the electronic structure methods using a QM/MM model of the visual pigment rhodopsin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Barneschi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Danil Kaliakin
- Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Miquel Huix-Rotllant
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut Chimie Radicalaire, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Ferré
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut Chimie Radicalaire, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Michael Filatov Gulak
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, United States
| | - Massimo Olivucci
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
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3
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Janoš J, Slavíček P. What Controls the Quality of Photodynamical Simulations? Electronic Structure Versus Nonadiabatic Algorithm. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:8273-8284. [PMID: 37939301 PMCID: PMC10688183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The field of nonadiabatic dynamics has matured over the last decade with a range of algorithms and electronic structure methods available at the moment. While the community currently focuses more on developing and benchmarking new nonadiabatic dynamics algorithms, the underlying electronic structure controls the outcome of nonadiabatic simulations. Yet, the electronic-structure sensitivity analysis is typically neglected. In this work, we present a sensitivity analysis of the nonadiabatic dynamics of cyclopropanone to electronic structure methods and nonadiabatic dynamics algorithms. In particular, we compare wave function-based CASSCF, FOMO-CASCI, MS- and XMS-CASPT2, density-functional REKS, and semiempirical MRCI-OM3 electronic structure methods with the Landau-Zener surface hopping, fewest switches surface hopping, and ab initio multiple spawning with informed stochastic selection algorithms. The results clearly demonstrate that the electronic structure choice significantly influences the accuracy of nonadiabatic dynamics for cyclopropanone even when the potential energy surfaces exhibit qualitative and quantitative similarities. Thus, selecting the electronic structure solely on the basis of the mapping of potential energy surfaces can be misleading. Conversely, we observe no discernible differences in the performance of the nonadiabatic dynamics algorithms across the various methods. Based on the above results, we discuss the present-day practice in computational photodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Janoš
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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4
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Cuéllar-Zuquin J, Pepino AJ, Fdez. Galván I, Rivalta I, Aquilante F, Garavelli M, Lindh R, Segarra-Martí J. Characterizing Conical Intersections in DNA/RNA Nucleobases with Multiconfigurational Wave Functions of Varying Active Space Size. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:8258-8272. [PMID: 37882796 PMCID: PMC10851440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
We characterize the photochemically relevant conical intersections between the lowest-lying accessible electronic excited states of the different DNA/RNA nucleobases using Cholesky decomposition-based complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) algorithms. We benchmark two different basis set contractions and several active spaces for each nucleobase and conical intersection type, measuring for the first time how active space size affects conical intersection topographies in these systems and the potential implications these may have toward their description of photoinduced phenomena. Our results show that conical intersection topographies are highly sensitive to the electron correlation included in the model: by changing the amount (and type) of correlated orbitals, conical intersection topographies vastly change, and the changes observed do not follow any converging pattern toward the topographies obtained with the largest and most correlated active spaces. Comparison across systems shows analogous topographies for almost all intersections mediating population transfer to the dark 1nO/Nπ* states, while no similarities are observed for the "ethylene-like" conical intersection ascribed to mediate the ultrafast decay component to the ground state in all DNA/RNA nucleobases. Basis set size seems to have a minor effect, appearing to be relevant only for purine-based derivatives. We rule out structural changes as a key factor in classifying the different conical intersections, which display almost identical geometries across active space and basis set change, and we highlight instead the importance of correctly describing the electronic states involved at these crossing points. Our work shows that careful active space selection is essential to accurately describe conical intersection topographies and therefore to adequately account for their active role in molecular photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Cuéllar-Zuquin
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, P.O. Box 22085, ES-46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Julieta Pepino
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ignacio Fdez. Galván
- Department
of Chemistry − BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ivan Rivalta
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
- ENSL,
CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, 46 Allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Francesco Aquilante
- Theory
and Simulation of Materials (THEOS), and National Centre for Computational
Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Garavelli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Roland Lindh
- Department
of Chemistry − BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Javier Segarra-Martí
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, P.O. Box 22085, ES-46071 Valencia, Spain
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5
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Nishimoto Y. Analytic first-order derivatives of CASPT2 with IPEA shift. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:2888841. [PMID: 37144712 DOI: 10.1063/5.0147611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Complete active space second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) is useful for accurately predicting properties of complex electronic structures, but it is well known that it systematically underestimates excitation energies. The underestimation can be corrected using the ionization potential-electron affinity (IPEA) shift. In this study, analytic first-order derivatives of CASPT2 with the IPEA shift are developed. CASPT2-IPEA is not invariant with respect to rotations among active molecular orbitals, and two additional constraint conditions are necessary in the CASPT2 Lagrangian to formulate analytic derivatives. The method developed here is applied to methylpyrimidine derivatives and cytosine, and minimum energy structures and conical intersections are located. By comparing energies relative to the closed-shell ground state, we find that the agreement with experiments and high-level calculations is indeed improved by the inclusion of the IPEA shift. The agreement of geometrical parameters with high-level calculations may also be improved in some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Nishimoto
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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6
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Iino T, Shiozaki T, Yanai T. Algorithm for analytic nuclear energy gradients of state averaged DMRG-CASSCF theory with newly derived coupled-perturbed equations. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:054107. [PMID: 36754810 DOI: 10.1063/5.0130636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an algorithm for evaluating analytic nuclear energy gradients of the state-averaged density matrix renormalization group complete-active-space self-consistent field (SA-DMRG-CASSCF) theory based on the newly derived coupled-perturbed (CP) DMRG-CASSCF equations. The Lagrangian for the conventional SA-CASSCF analytic gradient theory is extended to the SA-DMRG-CASSCF variant that can fully consider a whole set of constraints on the parameters of multi-root canonical matrix product states formed at all the DMRG block configurations. An efficient algorithm to solve the CP-DMRG-CASSCF equations for determining the multipliers was developed. The complexity of the resultant analytic gradient algorithm is overall the same as that of the unperturbed SA-DMRG-CASSCF algorithm. In addition, a reduced-scaling approach was developed to directly compute the SA reduced density matrices (SA-RDMs) and their perturbed ones without calculating separate state-specific RDMs. As part of our implementation scheme, we neglect the term associated with the constraint on the active orbitals in terms of the active-active rotation in the Lagrangian. Thus, errors from the true analytic gradients may be caused in this scheme. The proposed gradient algorithm was tested with the spin-adapted implementation by checking how accurately the computed analytic energy gradients reproduce numerical gradients of the SA-DMRG-CASSCF energies using a common number of renormalized bases. The illustrative applications show that the errors are sufficiently small when using a typical number of the renormalized bases, which is required to attain adequate accuracy in DMRG's total energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsubasa Iino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa Ward, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Toru Shiozaki
- Quantum Simulation Technologies, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02135, USA
| | - Takeshi Yanai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa Ward, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
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7
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Substitution Effects on the Mechanism of Light-Induced 2,5-Diaryltetrazole-Naphthoquinone 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition: A Theoretical Study. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2023.114060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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8
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Battaglia S, Fransén L, Fdez Galván I, Lindh R. Regularized CASPT2: an Intruder-State-Free Approach. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:4814-4825. [PMID: 35876618 PMCID: PMC9367007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In this work we present a new approach to fix the intruder-state
problem (ISP) in CASPT2 based on σp regularization. The resulting σp-CASPT2 method is compared to previous techniques, namely, the real
and imaginary level shifts, on a theoretical basis and by performing
a series of systematic calculations. The analysis is focused on two
aspects, the effectiveness of σp-CASPT2 in removing the ISP and the sensitivity of the approach with
respect to the input parameter. We found that σp-CASPT2 compares favorably with respect to previous
approaches and that different versions, σ1-CASPT2
and σ2-CASPT2, have different potential application
domains. This analysis also reveals the unsuitability of the real
level shift technique as a general way to avoid the intruder-state
problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Battaglia
- Department of Chemistry─BMC, Uppsala University, P. O. Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lina Fransén
- Department of Chemistry─BMC, Uppsala University, P. O. Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ignacio Fdez Galván
- Department of Chemistry─BMC, Uppsala University, P. O. Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Roland Lindh
- Department of Chemistry─BMC, Uppsala University, P. O. Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
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9
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Nishimoto Y, Battaglia S, Lindh R. Analytic First-Order Derivatives of (X)MS, XDW, and RMS Variants of the CASPT2 and RASPT2 Methods. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:4269-4281. [PMID: 35699280 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Crossings between states involve complex electronic structures, making the accurate characterization of the crossing point difficult. In this study, the analytic derivatives of three complete active space second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) variants as well as an extension of the restricted active space (RASPT2) are developed. These variants are applied to locating minimum energy conical intersections. Our results demonstrate that the three CASPT2 variants predict qualitatively similar results, but a recently developed variant, the rotated multistate CASPT2 (RMS-CASPT2), is least sensitive to the number of states considered in the calculation. We demonstrate that CASPT2 and the reference self-consistent field calculations predict qualitatively different energetics and bond lengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Nishimoto
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Stefano Battaglia
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Roland Lindh
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
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10
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Park JW. Analytical Gradient Theory for Spin-Free State-Averaged Second-Order Driven Similarity Renormalization Group Perturbation Theory (SA-DSRG-MRPT2) and Its Applications for Conical Intersection Optimizations. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:2233-2245. [PMID: 35229599 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c01150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Second-order multireference-driven similarity renormalization group perturbation theory (DSRG-MRPT2) provides an efficient means of correcting the dynamical correlation with the multiconfiguration reference function. The state-averaged DSRG-MRPT2 (SA-DSRG-MRPT2) method is the simplest means of treating the excited states with DSRG-MRPT2. In this method, the Hamiltonian dressed with dynamical correlation is diagonalized in the CASCI state subspace (SA-DSRG-MRPT2c) or the configuration subspace (SA-DSRG-MRPT2). This work develops analytical gradient theory for spin-free SA-DSRG-MRPT2(c) with the density-fitting approximation. We check the accuracy of the analytical gradients against the numerical gradients. We present applications for optimizing minimum energy conical intersections (MECI) of ethylene and retinal model chromophores (PSB3 and RPSB6). We investigate the dependence of the optimized geometries and energies on the flow parameters and reference relaxations. The smoothness of the SA-DSRG-MRPT2(c) potential energy surfaces near the reference (complete active space self-consistent field) MECI is comparable to the XMCQDPT2 one. These results render SA-DSRG-MRPT2(c) theory a promising approach for studies of conical intersections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University (CBNU), Cheongju 28644, Korea
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11
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Park JW. Analytical Gradient Theory for Resolvent-Fitted Second-Order Extended Multiconfiguration Perturbation Theory (XMCQDPT2). J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:6122-6133. [PMID: 34582217 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We present the formulation and implementation of an analytical gradient algorithm for extended multiconfiguration quasidegenerate perturbation theory (XMCQDPT2) with the resolvent-fitting approximation by Granovsky. This algorithm is powerful when optimizing molecular configurations with a moderate-sized active space and many electronic states. First, we present the powerfulness and accuracy of resolvent-fitting approximations compared to canonical XMCQDPT2 theory. Then, we demonstrate the utility of the current algorithm in frequency analyses, optimizing the minimum energy conical intersection geometries of the retinal chromophore model RPSB6 and evaluating nuclear gradients when there are many electronic states. Furthermore, we parallelize the algorithm using the OpenMP/MPI hybrid approach. Additionally, we report the computational cost and parallel efficiency of the program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University (CBNU), Cheongju 28644, Korea
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12
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Nishimoto Y. Analytic gradients for restricted active space second-order perturbation theory (RASPT2). J Chem Phys 2021; 154:194103. [PMID: 34240887 DOI: 10.1063/5.0050074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The computational cost of analytic derivatives in multireference perturbation theory is strongly affected by the size of the active space employed in the reference self-consistent field calculation. To overcome previous limits on the active space size, the analytic gradients of single-state restricted active space second-order perturbation theory (RASPT2) and its complete active space second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) have been developed and implemented in a local version of OpenMolcas. Similar to previous implementations of CASPT2, the RASPT2 implementation employs the Lagrangian or Z-vector method. The numerical results show that restricted active spaces with up to 20 electrons in 20 orbitals can now be employed for geometry optimizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Nishimoto
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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13
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Aleotti F, Aranda D, Yaghoubi Jouybari M, Garavelli M, Nenov A, Santoro F. Parameterization of a linear vibronic coupling model with multiconfigurational electronic structure methods to study the quantum dynamics of photoexcited pyrene. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:104106. [PMID: 33722019 DOI: 10.1063/5.0044693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
With this work, we present a protocol for the parameterization of a Linear Vibronic Coupling (LVC) Hamiltonian for quantum dynamics using highly accurate multiconfigurational electronic structure methods such as RASPT2/RASSCF, combined with a maximum-overlap diabatization technique. Our approach is fully portable and can be applied to many medium-size rigid molecules whose excited state dynamics requires a quantum description. We present our model and discuss the details of the electronic structure calculations needed for the parameterization, analyzing critical situations that could arise in the case of strongly interacting excited states. The protocol was applied to the simulation of the excited state dynamics of the pyrene molecule, starting from either the first or the second bright state (S2 or S5). The LVC model was benchmarked against state-of-the-art quantum mechanical calculations with optimizations and energy scans and turned out to be very accurate. The dynamics simulations, performed including all active normal coordinates with the multilayer multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree method, show good agreement with the available experimental data, endorsing prediction of the excited state mechanism, especially for S5, whose ultrafast deactivation mechanism was not yet clearly understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Aleotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari," Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniel Aranda
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM-CNR), Area della Ricerca del CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Martha Yaghoubi Jouybari
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM-CNR), Area della Ricerca del CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Garavelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari," Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Artur Nenov
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari," Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Santoro
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM-CNR), Area della Ricerca del CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
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14
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Chakraborty P, Liu Y, Weinacht T, Matsika S. Effect of dynamic correlation on the ultrafast relaxation of uracil in the gas phase. Faraday Discuss 2021; 228:266-285. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00110d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High level multi-reference non-adiabatic dynamics simulations reveal that uracil’s photoexcited S2 state decays very quickly without any significant trapping.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yusong Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Stony Brook University
- New York 11794
- USA
| | - Thomas Weinacht
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Stony Brook University
- New York 11794
- USA
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15
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Liu Y, Chakraborty P, Matsika S, Weinacht T. Excited state dynamics of cis,cis-1,3-cyclooctadiene: UV pump VUV probe time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:074301. [PMID: 32828099 DOI: 10.1063/5.0006920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present UV pump, vacuum ultraviolet probe time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy measurements of the excited state dynamics of cis,cis-1,3-cyclooctadiene. A 4.75 eV deep UV pump pulse launches a vibrational wave packet on the first electronically excited state, and the ensuing dynamics are probed via ionization using a 7.92 eV probe pulse. The experimental results indicate that the wave packet undergoes rapid internal conversion to the ground state in under 100 fs. Comparing the measurements with electronic structure and trajectory surface hopping calculations, we are able to interpret the features in the measured photoelectron spectra in terms of ionization to several states of the molecular cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusong Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Pratip Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Spiridoula Matsika
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Thomas Weinacht
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
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16
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Chakraborty P, Liu Y, Weinacht T, Matsika S. Excited state dynamics of cis,cis-1,3-cyclooctadiene: Non-adiabatic trajectory surface hopping. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:174302. [PMID: 32384830 DOI: 10.1063/5.0005558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have performed trajectory surface hopping dynamics for cis,cis-1,3-cyclooctadiene to investigate the photochemical pathways involved after being excited to the S1 state. Our calculations reveal ultrafast decay to the ground state, facilitated by conical intersections involving distortions around the double bonds. The main distortions are localized on one double bond, involving twisting and pyramidalization of one of the carbons of that double bond (similar to ethylene), while a limited number of trajectories decay via delocalized (non-local) twisting of both double bonds. The interplay between local and non-local distortions is important in our understanding of photoisomerization in conjugated systems. The calculations show that a broad range of the conical intersection seam space is accessed during the non-adiabatic events. Several products formed on the ground state have also been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratip Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Yusong Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Thomas Weinacht
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Spiridoula Matsika
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
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Park JW, Al-Saadon R, MacLeod MK, Shiozaki T, Vlaisavljevich B. Multireference Electron Correlation Methods: Journeys along Potential Energy Surfaces. Chem Rev 2020; 120:5878-5909. [PMID: 32239929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Multireference electron correlation methods describe static and dynamical electron correlation in a balanced way and, therefore, can yield accurate and predictive results even when single-reference methods or multiconfigurational self-consistent field theory fails. One of their most prominent applications in quantum chemistry is the exploration of potential energy surfaces. This includes the optimization of molecular geometries, such as equilibrium geometries and conical intersections and on-the-fly photodynamics simulations, both of which depend heavily on the ability of the method to properly explore the potential energy surface. Because such applications require nuclear gradients and derivative couplings, the availability of analytical nuclear gradients greatly enhances the scope of quantum chemical methods. This review focuses on the developments and advances made in the past two decades. A detailed account of the analytical nuclear gradient and derivative coupling theories is presented. Emphasis is given to the software infrastructure that allows one to make use of these methods. Notable applications of multireference electron correlation methods to chemistry, including geometry optimizations and on-the-fly dynamics, are summarized at the end followed by a discussion of future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Rachael Al-Saadon
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matthew K MacLeod
- Workday, 4900 Pearl Circle East, Suite 100, Boulder, Colorado 80301, United States
| | - Toru Shiozaki
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Quantum Simulation Technologies, Inc., 625 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bess Vlaisavljevich
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota, 414 East Clark Street, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, United States
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Abstract
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We
introduce a new variant of the complete active space second-order
perturbation theory (CASPT2) method that performs similarly to multistate
CASPT2 (MS-CASPT2) in regions of the potential energy surface where
the electronic states are energetically well separated and is akin
to extended MS-CASPT2 (XMS-CASPT2) in case the underlying zeroth-order
references are near-degenerate. Our approach follows a recipe analogous
to that of XMS-CASPT2 to ensure approximate invariance under unitary
transformations of the model states and a dynamic weighting scheme
to smoothly interpolate the Fock operator between state-specific and
state-average regimes. The resulting extended dynamically weighted
CASPT2 (XDW-CASPT2) methodology possesses the most desirable features
of both MS-CASPT2 and XMS-CASPT2, that is, the ability to provide
accurate transition energies and correctly describe avoided crossings
and conical intersections. The reliability of XDW-CASPT2 is assessed
on a number of molecular systems. First, we consider the dissociation
of lithium fluoride, highlighting the distinctive characteristics
of the new approach. Second, the invariance of the theory is investigated
by studying the conical intersection of the distorted allene molecule.
Finally, the relative accuracy in the calculation of vertical excitation
energies is benchmarked on a set of 26 organic compounds. We found
that XDW-CASPT2, albeit being only approximately invariant, produces
smooth potential energy surfaces around conical intersections and
avoided crossings, performing equally well to the strictly invariant
XMS-CASPT2 method. The accuracy of vertical transition energies is
almost identical to MS-CASPT2, with a mean absolute deviation of 0.01–0.02
eV, in contrast to 0.12 eV for XMS-CASPT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Battaglia
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Roland Lindh
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
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Park JW. Analytical Gradient Theory for Quasidegenerate N-Electron Valence State Perturbation Theory (QD-NEVPT2). J Chem Theory Comput 2019; 16:326-339. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University (CBNU), Cheongju 28644, Korea
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Park JW. Analytical Gradient Theory for Strongly Contracted (SC) and Partially Contracted (PC) N-Electron Valence State Perturbation Theory (NEVPT2). J Chem Theory Comput 2019; 15:5417-5425. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University (CBNU), Cheongju 28644, Korea
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